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61. 发明授权

US07151844B2 Image sensor method and apparatus having hardware implemented edge detection processing 有权
公开(公告)号：US07151844B2
公开(公告)日：2006-12-19
申请号：US10011172
申请日：2001-12-06
申请人： Charles Neil Stevenson , Ronald Michael Lesperance , Frank J. Schauerte , John Richard Troxell
发明人： Charles Neil Stevenson , Ronald Michael Lesperance , Frank J. Schauerte , John Richard Troxell
IPC分类号： G06K9/00
CPC分类号： G06K9/00798 , G06K9/4609 , G06K9/60 , G06K9/605 , H01L27/14621
摘要： An image sensor comprising an integrated circuit chip that includes both a pixel array and edge detection circuitry hardwired together on the chip. The pixel array provides an addressable, non-destructive readout of the pixel data, with the edge detection circuit providing a hardwired implementation of a pair of n×n masks that are convolved with the pixel array data to thereby generate horizontal and vertical edge data that is combined together and outputted by the image sensor. The masks are implemented as a pair of one-dimensional filters, with one of the filters being a one-dimensional Gaussian filter used to smooth the pixel data along one axis and the other filter providing a first derivative Gaussian function to detect edges along the other, orthogonal axis. The non-destructibility of the readout from the pixel array eliminates the need for buffering large amounts of pixel data and the use of separable, one-dimensional filters permits each mask to be implemented using only n simultaneous outputs from the array, 2n weights, and n−1 buffers for temporary storage of the smoothed pixel data.

62. 发明申请

US20030108221A1 Image sensor method and apparatus having hardware implemented edge detection processing 有权
标题翻译：具有硬件实现边缘检测处理的图像传感器方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20030108221A1
公开(公告)日：2003-06-12
申请号：US10011172
申请日：2001-12-06
发明人： Charles Neil Stevenson , Ronald Michael Lesperance , Frank J. Schauerte , John Richard Troxell
IPC分类号： G06K009/00
CPC分类号： G06K9/00798 , G06K9/4609 , G06K9/60 , G06K9/605 , H01L27/14621
摘要： An image sensor comprising an integrated circuit chip that includes both a pixel array and edge detection circuitry hardwired together on the chip. The pixel array provides an addressable, non-destructive readout of the pixel data, with the edge detection circuit providing a hardwired implementation of a pair of nnulln masks that are convolved with the pixel array data to thereby generate horizontal and vertical edge data that is combined together and outputted by the image sensor. The masks are implemented as a pair of one-dimensional filters, with one of the filters being a one-dimensional Gaussian filter used to smooth the pixel data along one axis and the other filter providing a first derivative Gaussian function to detect edges along the other, orthogonal axis. The non-destructibility of the readout from the pixel array eliminates the need for buffering large amounts of pixel data and the use of separable, one-dimensional filters permits each mask to be implemented using only n simultaneous outputs from the array, 2n weights, and nnull1 buffers for temporary storage of the smoothed pixel data.
摘要翻译：一种图像传感器，包括集成电路芯片，其包括在芯片上硬连线的像素阵列和边缘检测电路。像素阵列提供可寻址的，非破坏性的像素数据读出，其中边缘检测电路提供与像素阵列数据卷积的一对n×n掩模的硬连线实现，从而生成被组合的水平和垂直边缘数据一起由图像传感器输出。掩模被实现为一对一维滤波器，其中一个滤波器是用于沿着一个轴平滑像素数据的一维高斯滤波器，而另一个滤波器提供一阶导数高斯函数以检测沿着另一个的边缘，正交轴。来自像素阵列的读出的不可破坏性消除了对大量像素数据的缓冲的需要，并且使用可分离的一维滤波器仅允许使用来自阵列的n个同时输出，2n个权重和 n-1缓冲区用于临时存储平滑的像素数据。

63. 发明授权

US06310987B1 Image processor 失效
标题翻译：图像处理器
公开(公告)号：US06310987B1
公开(公告)日：2001-10-30
申请号：US09021126
申请日：1998-02-10
申请人： Yoshinari Koyama
发明人： Yoshinari Koyama
IPC分类号： G06K954
CPC分类号： G06K9/605
摘要： An artificial retina chip in a camera unit of an image processor according to the present invention converts an input image taken by the camera unit to analog signals, and outputs an image signal differential between each dot in a sensor-cell array in the artificial retina chip and a specific standard dot, as an analog signal. A signal converter converts the analog signal to binary digit, and stores the converted signals. When converted signals for one input image are stored, the signal converter outputs the converted signal to an identification unit as a digital signal. Namely, the data output from the camera unit is represented by the analog signal indicating the image signal differential between the dots, and the data output from the signal converter is represented by binary digit which is converted from the analog signal. Accordingly, the amount of the transmitted data is decreased.
摘要翻译：根据本发明的图像处理器的相机单元中的人造视网膜芯片将由相机单元拍摄的输入图像转换为模拟信号，并且在人造视网膜芯片中的传感器单元阵列中的每个点之间输出图像信号差分和一个特定的标准点，作为模拟信号。信号转换器将模拟信号转换为二进制数字，并存储转换的信号。当存储一个输入图像的转换信号时，信号转换器将转换的信号作为数字信号输出到识别单元。也就是说，从照相机单元输出的数据由指示点之间的图像信号差分的模拟信号表示，并且从信号转换器输出的数据由从模拟信号转换的二进制数字表示。因此，发送数据量减少。

64. 发明授权

US5712729A Artificial retina cell, artificial retina and artificial visual apparatus 失效
标题翻译：人造视网膜细胞，人造视网膜和人造视觉器械
公开(公告)号：US5712729A
公开(公告)日：1998-01-27
申请号：US440875
申请日：1995-05-15
申请人： Takeshi Hashimoto
发明人： Takeshi Hashimoto
IPC分类号： G02B27/46 , G06K9/20 , G06K9/60 , G06K9/74
CPC分类号： G06K9/605 , G02B27/46 , G06K9/74
摘要： An artificial retina cell effectively used to recognize a plurality of objects from an image containing them with ease and at high speed. Also disclosed are an artificial retina and an artificial visual apparatus employing the same. The artificial visual apparatus includes an artificial eyeball (3) having a focusing means (2) and an artificial retina (1) including a first artificial retina cell disposed in a central visual field (1a) to detect a bright-dark boundary by optical filtering and a second artificial retina cell disposed in a peripheral visual field (1b) to detect an object position by optical filtering, and a neural network (4) for executing pattern recognition of an object on the basis of information detected by the first artificial retina cell. The apparatus further includes a means for determining an object to be recognized subsequently from information detected by the second artificial retina cell of the artificial retina (1), and a means (5) for moving the artificial eyeball (3) toward the object to be recognized. Thus, a specific object in an image containing a plurality of objects of recognition is selectively recognized with ease and at high speed.
摘要翻译：人造视网膜细胞有效地用于从包含它们的图像中容易且高速地识别多个物体。还公开了人造视网膜和使用其的人造视觉装置。人造视觉设备包括具有聚焦装置（2）和人造视网膜（1）的人造眼球（3），其包括设置在中央视野（1a）中的第一人造视网膜细胞，以通过光学滤光来检测明暗边界以及设置在周边视野（1b）中以通过光学滤波来检测对象位置的第二人造视网膜细胞，以及用于基于由第一人造视网膜细胞检测到的信息执行对象的图案识别的神经网络（4）。该装置还包括用于随后从人造视网膜（1）的第二人造视网膜细胞检测到的信息中确定要识别的对象的装置，以及用于将人造眼球（3）朝向物体移动的装置（5）认可因此，容易且高速地选择性地识别包含多个识别对象的图像中的特定对象。

65. 发明申请

US20180241953A1 METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR PIXEL BINNING AND READOUT 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20180241953A1
公开(公告)日：2018-08-23
申请号：US15435351
申请日：2017-02-17
申请人： SEMICONDUCTOR COMPONENTS INDUSTRIES, LLC
发明人： Richard Scott JOHNSON
IPC分类号： H04N5/347 , H04N5/378 , H04N5/369 , H04N7/01
CPC分类号： H04N5/347 , G06K9/00248 , G06K9/00255 , G06K9/00281 , G06K9/3241 , G06K9/4642 , G06K9/605 , H04N5/23219 , H04N5/3698 , H04N5/378 , H04N7/0127
摘要： Various embodiments of the present technology may comprise a method and apparatus for pixel binning and readout. The method and apparatus may determine a region of interest and a region of non-interest within an image frame according to a detected feature. In various embodiments, the method and apparatus may readout each row in the region of interest resulting in a high resolution region and combine the pixels within the region of non-interest resulting in a low resolution region.

66. 发明申请

US20180173992A1 VECTOR ENGINE AND METHODOLOGIES USING DIGITAL NEUROMORPHIC (NM) DATA 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20180173992A1
公开(公告)日：2018-06-21
申请号：US15619906
申请日：2017-06-12
申请人： VOLKSWAGEN AG , AUDI AG , PORSCHE AG
发明人： Edmund Dawes ZINK , Douglas Allen HAUGER , Lutz JUNGE , Luis Marcial HERNANDEZ GONZALEZ , Jerramy L. GIPSON , Anh VU , Martin HEMPEL , Nikhil J. GEORGE
IPC分类号： G06K9/48 , G06T7/215 , G06T3/00 , G06T3/60 , G06T7/194 , G06K9/62 , G06K9/20 , G06T7/246
CPC分类号： G06K9/481 , G06K9/209 , G06K9/605 , G06K9/6256 , G06K9/6267 , G06N3/00 , G06T1/20 , G06T3/0006 , G06T3/60 , G06T7/194 , G06T7/20 , G06T7/215 , G06T7/246 , G06T2207/10016 , G06T2207/10024 , G06T2207/20084 , G06T2207/30241
摘要： A system and methodologies for neuromorphic vision simulate conventional analog NM system functionality and generate digital NM image data that facilitate improved object detection, classification, and tracking.

67. 发明申请

US20180173983A1 DIGITAL NEUROMORPHIC (NM) SENSOR ARRAY, DETECTOR, ENGINE AND METHODOLOGIES 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20180173983A1
公开(公告)日：2018-06-21
申请号：US15386220
申请日：2016-12-21
申请人： VOLKSWAGEN AG , AUDI AG , PORSCHE AG
发明人： Edmund Dawes ZINK , Douglas Allen HAUGER , Lutz JUNGE , Luis Marcial HERNANDEZ GONZALEZ , Jerramy L. GIPSON , Anh VU , Martin HEMPEL , Nikhil J. GEORGE
IPC分类号： G06K9/00 , G06T7/246 , G06T7/215 , G06K9/46 , G06K9/48
CPC分类号： G06K9/00986 , G06K9/00765 , G06K9/4638 , G06K9/4661 , G06K9/481 , G06K9/605 , G06K2009/00738 , G06T7/215 , G06T7/248
摘要： A system and methodologies for neuromorphic vision simulate conventional analog NM system functionality and generate digital NM image data that facilitate improved object detection, classification, and tracking.

68. 发明授权

US09986211B2 Low-power always-on face detection, tracking, recognition and/or analysis using events-based vision sensor 有权
公开(公告)号：US09986211B2
公开(公告)日：2018-05-29
申请号：US15400914
申请日：2017-01-06
申请人： QUALCOMM Incorporated
发明人： Evgeni Gousev , Alok Govil , Jacek Maitan , Nelson Rasquinha , Venkat Rangan
IPC分类号： H04N7/18 , G06K9/60 , G06K9/46 , G06K9/00 , H04N5/232 , H04N5/235
CPC分类号： H04N7/183 , G06F3/011 , G06K9/00228 , G06K9/00255 , G06K9/00342 , G06K9/00355 , G06K9/00362 , G06K9/00664 , G06K9/00973 , G06K9/00986 , G06K9/4619 , G06K9/605 , G06K9/6267 , G06K2009/4666 , H04N5/23219 , H04N5/23241 , H04N5/2355
摘要： Techniques disclosed herein utilize a vision sensor that integrates a special-purpose camera with dedicated computer vision (CV) computation hardware and a dedicated low-power microprocessor for the purposes of detecting, tracking, recognizing, and/or analyzing subjects, objects, and scenes in the view of the camera. The vision sensor processes the information retrieved from the camera using the included low-power microprocessor and sends “events” (or indications that one or more reference occurrences have occurred, and, possibly, associated data) for the main processor only when needed or as defined and configured by the application. This allows the general-purpose microprocessor (which is typically relatively high-speed and high-power to support a variety of applications) to stay in a low-power (e.g., sleep mode) most of the time as conventional, while becoming active only when events are received from the vision sensor.

69. 发明申请

US20180089493A1 MACHINE VISION WITH DIMENSIONAL DATA REDUCTION 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20180089493A1
公开(公告)日：2018-03-29
申请号：US15567407
申请日：2016-04-20
申请人： Cornell University
发明人： Sheila NIRENBERG
IPC分类号： G06K9/00 , G06K9/62 , G06K9/60 , G06N3/08
CPC分类号： G06K9/0061 , A61F9/08 , G06K9/00369 , G06K9/00604 , G06K9/4619 , G06K9/4628 , G06K9/605 , G06K9/6256 , G06N3/008 , G06N3/0454 , G06N3/049 , G06N3/08 , H04N19/60 , H04N19/85
摘要： A method is described that includes receiving raw image data corresponding to a series of raw images, and processing the raw image data with an encoder of a processing device to generate encoded data. The encoder is characterized by an input/output transformation that substantially mimics the input/output transformation of at least one retinal cell of a vertebrate retina. The method also includes processing the encoded data to generate dimension reduced encoded data by applying a dimension reduction algorithm to the encoded data. The dimension reduction algorithm is configured to compress an amount of information contained in the encoded data. An apparatus and system usable with such a method is also described.

70. 发明申请

US20170236027A1 INTELLIGENT BIOMORPHIC SYSTEM FOR PATTERN RECOGNITION WITH AUTONOMOUS VISUAL FEATURE EXTRACTION 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20170236027A1
公开(公告)日：2017-08-17
申请号：US15435264
申请日：2017-02-16
申请人： Brainchip Inc.
发明人： Peter AJ van der Made , Mouna Elkhatib , Nicolas Yvan Oros
IPC分类号： G06K9/46 , G06N3/08 , G06K9/62 , G06N3/04
CPC分类号： G06K9/4628 , G06K9/605 , G06N3/049 , G06N3/063 , G06N3/088
摘要： Embodiments of the present invention provide a hierarchical arrangement of one or more artificial neural networks for recognizing visual feature pattern extraction and output labeling. The system comprises a first spiking neural network and a second spiking neural network. The first spiking neural network is configured to autonomously learn complex, temporally overlapping visual features arising in an input pattern stream. Competitive learning is implemented as spike time dependent plasticity with lateral inhibition in the first spiking neural network. The second spiking neural network is connected by means of dynamic synapses with the first spiking neural network, and is trained for interpreting and labeling output data of the first spiking neural network. Additionally, the output of the second spiking neural network is transmitted to a computing device, such as a CPU for post processing.

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