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    • 63. 发明授权
    • Thermal protection of traction inverters
    • 牵引逆变器热保护
    • US5712802A
    • 1998-01-27
    • US633390
    • 1996-04-16
    • Ajith Kuttannair KumarPeter Billey Macchiaroli
    • Ajith Kuttannair KumarPeter Billey Macchiaroli
    • G05D23/19H05K7/20H01L23/34
    • H05K7/20918G05D23/1917H05K7/20945H01L2924/0002
    • A method for providing thermal protection for forced air cooled power electronic semiconductors without direct measurement of semiconductor temperature, the semiconductors being mounted on a heat sink over which cooling air is blown includes the steps of computing the cooling air mass flow rate, creating an electronic model of the semiconductor/heat sink combination and estimating the semiconductor junction temperature from the mass flow rate and model. The cooling mass flow rate is determined by measuring the temperature of the cooling air prior to passage over the heat sink, measuring atmospheric pressure of the cooling air, determining the volumetric air flow rate of the cooling air and computing, from the cooling air temperature, pressure and volumetric flow rate, the cooling air mass flow rate. Power dissipation in the semiconductors is then computed and heat sink and semiconductor temperatures are estimated from power dissipation and cooling air mass flow rate. Semiconductor power dissipation is limited so as to restrict semiconductor temperature to a safe operating value.
    • 一种无需直接测量半导体温度的强制风冷功率电子半导体的热保护方法,安装在冷却空气吹过的散热片上的半导体包括计算冷却空气质量流量,形成电子模型的步骤 的半导体/散热器组合,并从质量流量和模型估计半导体结温度。 冷却质量流量通过在冷却空气通过之前测量冷却空气的温度来测定,测量冷却空气的大气压力,确定冷却空气的体积空气流速并从冷却空气温度计算, 压力和体积流量,冷却空气质量流量。 然后计算半导体中的功率消耗,并根据功率耗散和冷却空气质量流量来估计散热器和半导体温度。 半导体功耗受到限制,从而将半导体温度限制在安全的工作值。
    • 67. 发明授权
    • Method and system for identifying a directional heading of a vehicle
    • 用于识别车辆方向标题的方法和系统
    • US09194706B2
    • 2015-11-24
    • US13600942
    • 2012-08-31
    • Ankit SharmaAjith Kuttannair KumarVishram Vinayak Nandedkar
    • Ankit SharmaAjith Kuttannair KumarVishram Vinayak Nandedkar
    • G05D1/00G01C21/00B61L25/02G01C21/30
    • G01C21/005B61L25/023B61L25/025B61L25/026B61L2205/04G01C21/30
    • A system for confirming a direction of travel of a vehicle includes a location determining system and a control unit. The location determining system is configured to be coupled to a vehicle that travels in a network of plural route segments having fixed positions. The location determining system also is configured to obtain data representative of a measured heading of the vehicle. The measured heading represents a direction of travel of the vehicle. The control unit is configured to receive a designated route segment that is at least one of selected by operator input or provided by a trip plan that designates operational settings of the vehicle for a trip. The control unit is configured to compare the measured heading of the vehicle with one or more designated headings associated with the route segments to verify whether the vehicle is actually traveling on the designated route segment.
    • 用于确认车辆行驶方向的系统包括位置确定系统和控制单元。 位置确定系统被配置为耦合到在具有固定位置的多个路线段的网络中行进的车辆。 位置确定系统还被配置为获得表示车辆的测量航向的数据。 测量的标题表示车辆的行进方向。 所述控制单元被配置为接收指定的路线段,所述指定路线段是由操作者输入选择的或通过指定用于行程的车辆的操作设置的行程计划提供的至少一个。 控制单元被配置为将车辆的测量航向与与路线段相关联的一个或多个指定航向进行比较,以验证车辆是否实际上在指定路线段上行驶。