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51. 发明授权

US4919765A Process for the purification of tetrahydrofuran 失效
标题翻译：四氢呋喃纯化方法
公开(公告)号：US4919765A
公开(公告)日：1990-04-24
申请号：US222727
申请日：1988-07-22
申请人： Peter R. Wilkes , John Scarlett , George E. Harrison
发明人： Peter R. Wilkes , John Scarlett , George E. Harrison
IPC分类号： C07D307/08
CPC分类号： C07D307/08 , Y10S203/09 , Y10S203/14
摘要： Tetrahydrofuran is recovered by a two stage distillation procedure from a crude hydrogenation product resulting from vapor phase hydrogenation of diethyl maleate and containing water, ethanol and a minor amount of n-butanol, and possibly also dissolved hydrogen, in addition to butane-1,4-diol, gamma-butyrolactone and "heavies" such as diethyl ethoxysuccinate. In the first distillation stage, conveniently operated substantially at atmospheric pressure, ethanol, water, and tetrahydrofuran are recovered as overhead product, are condensed to separate the condensible components from a hydrogen stream which can be vented, and then redistilled in the presence of a molar excess of a hydroxylic solvent containing at least two hydroxyl groups, such as butane-1,4-diol, in a second distillation zone. Pure tetrahydrofuran is recovered as overhead product from the second distillation zone, while the bottom product therefrom is stripped in a third distillation zone of tetrahydrofuran, ethanol and water which are recycled to the first distillation zone and the stripped bottom product is recycled to the second distillation zone.
摘要翻译：四氢呋喃通过两步蒸馏方法从粗制氢化产物回收，粗制氢化产物由马来酸二乙酯的气相氢化产生，并含有水，乙醇和少量正丁醇，以及可能还含有溶解的氢，除了丁烷-1,4 - 二醇，γ-丁内酯和“重质”如乙氧基琥珀酸二乙酯。在第一蒸馏阶段，基本上在大气压下操作，回收乙醇，水和四氢呋喃作为塔顶产物，冷凝，将可冷凝组分与可排出的氢气流分离，然后在摩尔浓度存在下重新蒸馏在第二蒸馏区中过量含有至少两个羟基的羟基溶剂如丁烷-1,4-二醇。从第二蒸馏区回收作为塔顶产物的纯四氢呋喃，同时将其底部产物从四氢呋喃，乙醇和水的第三蒸馏区中汽提，再循环至第一蒸馏区，将汽提的底部产物再循环至第二蒸馏区。

52. 发明授权

US4904347A Method and apparatus for distilling liquid hydrocarbon products 失效
标题翻译：蒸馏液体烃产品的方法和设备
公开(公告)号：US4904347A
公开(公告)日：1990-02-27
申请号：US134036
申请日：1987-12-17
申请人： Pierre Cros , Christian Daumas
发明人： Pierre Cros , Christian Daumas
IPC分类号： B01D3/10 , B01D3/14 , C10G7/06 , C10G31/10
CPC分类号： B01D3/143 , B01D3/10 , C10G31/10 , C10G7/06 , Y10S159/16 , Y10S203/09 , Y10S203/11
摘要： A liquid product (4) leaving a furnace (2) is introduced into a series of cyclone separators (5, 6, 7). The liquid product to be vaporized is introduced tangentially into the top portion (5a, 6a, 7a) of each cyclone to place the product into contact with a side wall (5b, 6b, 7b) of the cyclone. A gaseous phase (11, 12, 13) formed in each cyclone is collected in the central zone (8, 9, 10) of the cyclone and is then introduced into a vacuum distillation column (3). The liquid phase obtained in each cyclone is collected at the bottom (5c, 6c, 7c) of the cyclone and then is introduced tangentially into the top (6a, 7a) of the following cyclone or, in the case of the last cyclone, is introduced directly into the vacuum distillation column (3). The side wall (5b, 6b, 7b) of each cyclone (5, 6, 7) is heated to a temperature near the maximum temperature allowable for avoiding all thermal deterioration of the product. The invention is particularly useful for processing the residue obtained from atmospheric distillation columns of crude petroleum refineries.
摘要翻译：将离开炉（2）的液体产物（4）引入一系列旋风分离器（5,6,7）中。将要蒸发的液体产物切向地引入每个旋风分离器的顶部（5a，6a，7a）中以使产品与旋风分离器的侧壁（5b，6b，7b）接触。在每个旋风分离器中形成的气相（11,12,13）被收集在旋风分离器的中心区域（8,9,10）中，然后被引入真空蒸馏塔（3）中。在每个旋风分离器中获得的液相在旋风分离器的底部（5c，6c，7c）收集，然后被切向地引入下一个旋风分离器的顶部（6a，7a）中，或者在最后一个旋风分离器的情况下直接引入真空蒸馏塔（3）。每个旋风分离器（5,6,7）的侧壁（5b，6b，7b）被加热到可以避免产品全部热劣化所允许的最高温度附近的温度。本发明特别可用于处理从原油炼油厂的常压蒸馏塔获得的残余物。

53. 发明授权

US4861435A Water distillation apparatus for under-the-sink operation 失效
标题翻译：用于水下操作的水蒸馏装置
公开(公告)号：US4861435A
公开(公告)日：1989-08-29
申请号：US147750
申请日：1988-01-25
申请人： Herbert F. Sweet, Jr.
发明人： Herbert F. Sweet, Jr.
IPC分类号： B01D1/00 , B01D3/02 , B01D5/00 , C02F1/04
CPC分类号： B01D1/0082 , B01D3/02 , B01D5/0006 , B01D5/009 , C02F1/04 , Y10S203/08 , Y10S203/09 , Y10S203/18 , Y10S203/19
摘要： A water distillation apparatus having a distilled water storage tank and a water boiling tank. Components associated with the boiling tank control the level of water therein and production of steam from the water contained therein. A steam flow line permits steam flow from the boiling tank into the storage tank. A distilled water cooling coil disposed in the storage tank at a lower region below the distilled water level is connected with a cool water infeed flow line. A steam condensing coil disposed in the storage tank at an upper region thereof above the desired water level and the cooling coil is connected with the cooling coil. Steam which enters the storage tank can directly contact the condensing coil exterior surface for causing the steam to condense into distilled water in the storage tank. Another water flow line which connects the condensing coil to both the boiling tank and a sink drain line has a flow restrictor therein to ensure maintenance of sufficient head pressure to force flow of water to the boiling tank before discharge into the drain line. Delivery of pressurized cool water to the cooling coil is controlled by a solenoid-operated water flow control valve and a thermostat. The thermostat mounted on the tank is operable to sense tank temperature and to actuate the water flow control valve for either allowing or terminating routing of cool water to the cooling coil depending upon the level of the temperature sensed.
摘要翻译：一种具有蒸馏水储罐和水沸腾罐的水蒸馏装置。与沸腾罐相关的部件控制其中的水位和从其中所含的水产生蒸汽。蒸汽流线允许蒸汽从沸水池流入储罐。在蒸馏水位以下的下部区域设置在储罐中的蒸馏水冷却盘管与冷水进料流线连接。一种蒸汽冷凝盘管，其设置在储罐中的高于所需水位的上部区域，冷却盘管与冷却盘管连接。进入储罐的蒸汽可以直接接触冷凝盘管外表面，使蒸汽冷凝成储罐中的蒸馏水。将冷凝线圈连接到沸腾罐和水槽排水管线的另一个水流管线在其中具有限流器，以确保在排放到排水管线之前保持足够的头部压力以迫使水流入沸腾罐。向冷却盘管输送加压的冷水由电磁操作的水流量控制阀和恒温器控制。安装在罐上的恒温器可操作以感测罐温度并且致动水流控制阀，以根据所感测的温度的水平允许或终止将冷水路向冷却盘管。

54. 发明授权

US4798654A Process for preparing bisphenol A 失效
标题翻译：制备双酚A的方法
公开(公告)号：US4798654A
公开(公告)日：1989-01-17
申请号：US184181
申请日：1988-04-21
申请人： Shigeru Iimuro , Takashi Kitamura , Yoshio Morimoto
发明人： Shigeru Iimuro , Takashi Kitamura , Yoshio Morimoto
IPC分类号： C07C37/20 , C07C27/00 , C07C37/74 , C07C39/16 , C07C67/00 , B01D3/10
CPC分类号： C07C37/74 , Y10S203/09
摘要： This invention relates to a process for preparing 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane, e.g. bisphenol A and particularly to a process for preparing high quality bisphenol A with good workability by distilling the intermediate adduct of bisphenol A and phenol.The adduct of bisphenol A and phenol is fed to a distillation column. Phenol is recovered from the top of the column and bisphenol A is obtained from its bottom. In this distillation process, the adduct of bisphenol A and phenol is added with a part of recycled bottom liquid. Consequently troubles such as plugging of the distillation column are prevented, continuous operation becomes possible for a long period of time and high quality bisphenol A can be steadily obtained.

55. 发明授权

US4738754A Method of recovering ammonia from an aqueous effluent which contains NH.sub . .sub.2 and H.sub.2 S 失效
标题翻译：从含有NH 3，CO 2和H 2 S的含水流出物中回收氨的方法
公开(公告)号：US4738754A
公开(公告)日：1988-04-19
申请号：US867320
申请日：1986-05-23
申请人： Wolfgang Hilsebein , Gert Ungar , Hans M. Stonner
发明人： Wolfgang Hilsebein , Gert Ungar , Hans M. Stonner
IPC分类号： C01C1/10 , B01D3/00
CPC分类号： C01C1/10 , Y10S203/09
摘要： An aqueous effluent is supplied to a stripping column (total stripping column) from which a mixture that is rich in NH.sub.3, CO.sub.2 and H.sub.2 S is withdrawn as a head product. In at least one additional stripping column the mixture is separated into a mixture which is rich in NH.sub.3 and a mixture which is rich in the sour gaes CO.sub.2 and H.sub.2 S. The mixture which is rich in NH.sub.3 is scrubbed with liquid ammonia. The overhead product from the total stripping column is cooled in a condenser under a pressure of 1 to 7 bars and is thus transformed into a liquid phase to such an extent that the liquid phase contains 70 to 100% of the NH.sub.3 which has been supplied to the condenser. The liquid phase is supplied at a temperature of 30.degree. to 90.degree. C. to a second stripping column (NH.sub.3 stripping column), which is operated under a pressure of 1 to 4 bars and from which a gas mixture that is rich in NH.sub.3 is withdrawn as a head product. The gas mixture is scrubbed with water and ammonia and the NH.sub.3 gas which has been scrubbed is condensed.
摘要翻译：将水性流出物供应到汽提塔（总汽提塔），从其中排出富含NH 3，CO 2和H 2 S的混合物作为头部产物。在至少一个另外的汽提塔中，将混合物分离成富含NH 3的混合物和富含CO 2 CO 2和H 2 S的混合物。富含NH 3的混合物用液氨洗涤。来自总汽提塔的塔顶产物在冷凝器中在1至7巴的压力下冷却，并因此转化成液相，使得液相含有70-100％的已经供给到冷凝器。将液相在30℃至90℃的温度下供给到在1-4巴的压力下操作的第二汽提塔（NH 3汽提塔），富含NH 3的气体混合物由撤回为首席产品。气体混合物用水和氨洗涤，已经洗涤的NH 3气体被冷凝。

56. 发明授权

US4725338A Purification process of polymerization solvent 失效
标题翻译：聚合溶剂的纯化过程
公开(公告)号：US4725338A
公开(公告)日：1988-02-16
申请号：US832412
申请日：1986-02-24
申请人： Tadashi Asanuma , Tatuo Ohoka , Minoru Hino , Nobutaka Uchikawa
发明人： Tadashi Asanuma , Tatuo Ohoka , Minoru Hino , Nobutaka Uchikawa
IPC分类号： C08F2/00 , B01D3/40 , C08F6/00 , C08F6/06 , C08F10/00 , B01D3/34
CPC分类号： B01D3/40 , Y10S203/06 , Y10S203/09 , Y10S203/20 , Y10S526/912
摘要： A process for purifying a solvent suitable for use in the polymerization of an olefin in the presence of a Ziegler-Natta catalyst, which comprises feeding the polymerization solvent to a stage lower than a chimney tray of a multi-stage distillation column, said chimney tray being provided at a height between the top and bottom of the column, feeding an organoaluminum compound to a stage higher than the chimney tray, drawing out a condensate from the chimney tray, heating the condensate to produce heated vapor, introducing the heated vapor to the chimney tray or to a stage higher than the chimney tray but lower than the stage to which the organoaluminum compound has been fed, and drawing the solvent in a purified state from the top.
摘要翻译：一种在齐格勒 - 纳塔催化剂存在下纯化适用于烯烃聚合的溶剂的方法，该方法包括将聚合溶剂进料到比多级蒸馏塔的烟囱式塔板低的阶段，所述烟囱式塔板提供在塔的顶部和底部之间的高度，将有机铝化合物供给到高于烟囱托盘的台阶上，从烟囱托盘抽出冷凝物，加热冷凝物以产生加热的蒸汽，将加热的蒸气引入到烟囱式塔板或高于烟囱式塔架但比有机铝化合物进料的阶段低的阶段，并从顶部抽出处于纯化状态的溶剂。

57. 发明授权

US4479012A Recovery of aldehydes from hydroformylation reaction gas 失效
标题翻译：从加氢甲酰化反应气中回收醛
公开(公告)号：US4479012A
公开(公告)日：1984-10-23
申请号：US363565
申请日：1982-03-30
申请人： Karl Fischer , Armin V. Grenacher , Manfred Herr , Max Strohmeyer
发明人： Karl Fischer , Armin V. Grenacher , Manfred Herr , Max Strohmeyer
IPC分类号： B01J23/00 , B01J23/46 , C07B61/00 , C07C45/00 , C07C45/50 , C07C45/81 , C07C45/82 , C07C47/02 , C07C67/00 , B01D3/14
CPC分类号： C07C45/81 , C07C45/50 , C07C45/82 , Y02P20/582 , Y10S203/06 , Y10S203/09
摘要： Aldehydes are obtained from the gaseous product of the hydroformylation of olefinically unsaturated compounds using a rhodium catalyst by a process (cf. FIG. 2) in which(a) this gaseous product is introduced, without being cooled or depressured, into a distillation column D,(b) the top fraction from this column is cooled in a condenser K so that the greater part of the aldehydes contained therein is condensed,(c) the condensate is separated, in a separator A, into a gas phase and a liquid phase,(d) the gas phase from A, after waste gas has been separated off, is again brought to the hydroformylation pressure by means of a compressor P, and is returned to the reactor as a recycle gas,(e) the liquid phase from A is returned to D, and(f) the aldehydes are taken off from column D as liquid bottom products and/or as a vaporous side stream.
摘要翻译：醛通过使用铑催化剂的方法（参见图2）从烯属不饱和化合物的加氢甲酰化的气态产物获得，其中（a）将该气态产物不经冷却或减压引入蒸馏塔D ，（b）将该塔的顶部馏分在冷凝器K中冷却，使其中含有的大部分醛缩合，（c）冷凝物在分离器A中分离成气相和液相，（d）在废气分离后，来自A的气相再次通过压缩机P进入加氢甲酰化反应器，并作为循环气体返回到反应器，（e）液相从 A返回到D，和（f）醛作为液体底部产物和/或作为蒸气侧流从塔D中取出。

58. 发明授权

US4422903A Anhydrous ethanol distillation method and apparatus 失效
标题翻译：无水乙醇蒸馏法及装置
公开(公告)号：US4422903A
公开(公告)日：1983-12-27
申请号：US234771
申请日：1981-02-17
申请人： John R. Messick , William R. Ackley , George D. Moon, Jr.
发明人： John R. Messick , William R. Ackley , George D. Moon, Jr.
IPC分类号： B01D3/06 , B01D3/14 , C07C29/80 , B01D3/36 , C07C31/08
CPC分类号： B01D3/065 , B01D3/148 , C07C29/80 , Y02P20/57 , Y10S203/09 , Y10S203/14 , Y10S203/20
摘要： An improved distillation method and apparatus are provided for recovering anhydrous ethanol from fermentation or synthetic feedstocks. The system includes at least one stripper-rectifier tower, a dehydrating tower, and an azeotropic agent stripping tower. Substantial energy savings are realized by operating the dehydrating tower, and preferably also the azeotropic agent stripping tower, at a higher pressure than the stripper-rectifier tower and by condensing the overhead vapors from the dehydrating tower (or dehydrating tower and azeotropic agent stripping tower) to provide the heat required in the stripper-rectifier tower. In a preferred embodiment, two stripper-rectifier towers are used, one operating at a higher pressure than the other, in which case the higher pressure tower is heated as just described and the overhead vapors from the higher pressure tower are condensed to supply the heat required in the lower pressure tower. Further energy savings are accomplished by preheating the feedstock by means of the heat contained in the stripper-rectifier tower overhead (the lower pressure stripper-rectifier tower in the case where two such towers are used) and also by the heat contained in the stripper-rectifier bottoms.
摘要翻译：提供了一种改进的蒸馏方法和装置，用于从发酵或合成原料中回收无水乙醇。该系统包括至少一个汽提塔整流塔，脱水塔和共沸剂汽提塔。通过在比脱汽塔整流塔更高的压力下操作脱水塔，优选共沸剂汽提塔，并通过冷凝来自脱水塔（或脱水塔和共沸剂汽提塔）的塔顶蒸气来实现大量节能，以提供汽提塔 - 整流塔中所需的热量。在优选实施例中，使用两个汽提塔整流塔，一个在比另一个更高的压力下工作，在这种情况下，如上所述加热高压塔，并且来自高压塔的塔顶蒸气被冷凝以供应热量需要在低压塔。进一步的节能是通过借助于汽提塔 - 整流塔顶部中包含的热量（在使用两个这种塔的情况下的低压汽提塔 - 整流塔）以及包含在汽提塔 - 整流底部。

59. 发明授权

US3844898A Fractionation apparatus having plural, integral and concentric fractionating units 失效
$Fractionation apparatus having plural, integral and concentric fractionating units$
标题翻译：具有整体，综合和集中分类单位的分类装置
公开(公告)号：US3844898A
公开(公告)日：1974-10-29
申请号：US32024773
申请日：1973-01-02
申请人： UNIVERSAL OIL PROD CO
发明人： DE GRAFF R
IPC分类号： B01D3/14 , B01D3/26
CPC分类号： B01D3/141 , B01D3/146 , Y10S203/09 , Y10S203/20
摘要： Insertion of about one half of a small diameter distillation column through the bottom of a larger diameter column permits the fractionation of a feed stream fed to the small column into three distinct high purity streams within one vessel. An annular space between the two columns functions as a stripping section which produces a pure stream of intermediate boiling range material. Open communication between the columns at the top of the small column eliminates the requirement of having a separate reflux system for the small column.
摘要翻译：通过较大直径的塔的底部插入小直径蒸馏塔的大约一半允许在一个容器内将进料到小柱中的进料流分馏成三个不同的高纯度流。两列之间的环形空间用作产生中间沸程材料的纯流的汽提段。在小柱顶部的柱之间的开放通信消除了对小柱具有单独的回流系统的要求。

60. 发明授权

US3453182A Control of amount of vapor in feed to vapor-liquid separation zone by detecting the temperature differential across a pressure differential zone 失效
标题翻译：通过在压力差异区域检测温度差异来控制进入蒸气 - 液体分离区的蒸气量
公开(公告)号：US3453182A
公开(公告)日：1969-07-01
申请号：US3453182D
申请日：1966-09-16
申请人： PHILLIPS PETROLEUM CO
发明人： REBER MARTIN R , WAGNER PAUL H
IPC分类号： B01D3/42 , C08J11/02 , C07C51/44 , B01D3/06
CPC分类号： B01D3/4233 , C08J11/02 , Y10S203/09 , Y10S203/19

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