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51. 发明授权

US4763343A Method and structure for optimizing radiographic quality by controlling X-ray tube voltage, current, focal spot size and exposure time 失效
标题翻译：通过控制X射线管电压，电流，焦点尺寸和曝光时间来优化射线照相质量的方法和结构
公开(公告)号：US4763343A
公开(公告)日：1988-08-09
申请号：US910496
申请日：1986-09-23
申请人： Nicola E. Yanaki
发明人： Nicola E. Yanaki
IPC分类号： A61B6/00 , H05G1/26 , H05G1/44 , H05G1/46 , H05G1/60 , H05G1/34
CPC分类号： A61B6/502 , A61B6/542 , A61B6/544 , H05G1/26 , H05G1/44 , H05G1/46 , H05G1/60 , A61B6/4291
摘要： A structure and method for providing optimum recording of X-ray images without need for experimenting to learn optimum X-ray tube voltage, current, anode focal spot size and exposure time. The method and structure of this invention sample the radiation passed through an object to be radiographed during a short portion of the total exposure time and adjust voltage, current and focal spot size so that the radiation delivered by the X-ray tube during the remainder of the exposure time will produce optimum contrast between structures within the object being radiographed, also optimum sharpness of the image and optimum darkening of a film, xerographic picture, fluoroscopic image, or other recording medium. The method and structure of this invention account for variations in absorption coefficient between one object to be radiographed and the next. This invention is particularly useful for medical applications, and in the medical field, particularly important in mammography.
摘要翻译：用于提供X射线图像的最佳记录的结构和方法，而不需要实验来学习最佳X射线管电压，电流，阳极焦斑尺寸和曝光时间。本发明的方法和结构在总曝光时间的短时间内对通过被放射照射的物体的辐射进行采样，并调整电压，电流和焦点尺寸，使得在其余时间期间由X射线管传送的辐射曝光时间将在正在射线照相的对象内的结构之间产生最佳的对比度，以及图像的最佳清晰度以及胶片的最佳暗度，静电图像，透视图像或其它记录介质。本发明的方法和结构考虑到要被放射照射的物体与下一个物体之间的吸收系数的变化。本发明特别适用于医疗应用，并且在医学领域中，在乳房摄影中特别重要。

52. 发明授权

US4688175A Image processor with automatic setting of window width and level for individual blocks of the image 失效
标题翻译：图像处理器，具有自动设置图像单个块的窗口宽度和水平
公开(公告)号：US4688175A
公开(公告)日：1987-08-18
申请号：US655740
申请日：1984-09-28
申请人： Makoto Kaneko , Ichiro Ogura , Hiroshi Asahina , Hiroshi Yasuhara
发明人： Makoto Kaneko , Ichiro Ogura , Hiroshi Asahina , Hiroshi Yasuhara
IPC分类号： A61B6/00 , A61B6/03 , G01N23/04 , G06T5/00 , G06T5/40 , H04N7/18 , H05G1/60 , G06F15/68 , H04N5/32 , H05G1/64
CPC分类号： H05G1/60 , G01N23/043 , G06T5/009
摘要： An image processing apparatus includes frame memories for storing information of an image to be displayed; a block memory for dividing the information stored in the frame memories into a given number of information blocks and storing the divided information blocks; a microcomputer circuit for automatically determining a desired value of each of LEVEL and WIDTH according to given contents of the divided information blocks; and an image emphasis circuit for window-processing information of the image to be displayed according to the determined value of each of the LEVEL and WIDTH.
摘要翻译：图像处理装置包括用于存储要显示的图像的信息的帧存储器; 块存储器，用于将存储在帧存储器中的信息划分为给定数量的信息块并存储分割的信息块; 微计算机电路，用于根据划分的信息块的给定内容自动确定LEVEL和WIDTH中的每一个的期望值; 以及图像强调电路，用于根据每个LEVEL和WIDTH的确定值来显示要显示的图像的窗口处理信息。

53. 发明授权

US4669105A System for quantitative arteriography 失效
标题翻译：定量动脉造影系统
公开(公告)号：US4669105A
公开(公告)日：1987-05-26
申请号：US614599
申请日：1984-05-29
申请人： Aaron Fenster , Barry B. Hobbs , Ian A. Cunningham
发明人： Aaron Fenster , Barry B. Hobbs , Ian A. Cunningham
IPC分类号： A61B5/107 , A61B6/00 , G21K1/02 , H04N5/32 , H05G1/60 , H05G1/64
CPC分类号： A61B6/481 , A61B5/1076 , A61B6/504 , G21K1/02 , H04N5/32 , H05G1/60
摘要： Apparatus for the generation of an image of a blood vessel comprises an x-ray source to irradiate the vessel. X-ray image collection means receive the x-ray image of the vessel and conversion means convert the x-ray image into a visible image of the vessel. A collimator selects an elongate field of illimunation representative of a section of the blood vessel. A light detecting array receives the field of illumination and has a plurality of discreet detectors spaced along the axis of the elongated field. Each detector has a length at least equal to the width f the elongate field produces a signal upon impingement by the elongate field. The array is scanned sequentially to output the signals in series. The signals are then displayed as one line of a video display.
摘要翻译：用于产生血管图像的装置包括用于照射血管的x射线源。 X射线图像收集装置接收血管的X射线图像，转换装置将x射线图像转换成血管的可视图像。准直仪选择代表血管部分的细长的未知区域。光检测阵列接收照明场，并且具有沿着细长场的轴线间隔开的多个离散检测器。每个检测器具有至少等于宽度f的长度，细长磁场在细长磁场撞击时产生信号。顺序扫描阵列以串联输出信号。然后将信号显示为视频显示的一行。

54. 发明授权

US4562586A X-Ray image pick-up device 失效
标题翻译： X射线摄像装置
公开(公告)号：US4562586A
公开(公告)日：1985-12-31
申请号：US610666
申请日：1984-05-16
申请人： Michitaka Honda , Osamu Takami
发明人： Michitaka Honda , Osamu Takami
IPC分类号： H04N7/18 , G01N23/04 , H04N5/32 , H05G1/26 , H05G1/46 , H05G1/60 , H05G1/64 , H05G1/44
CPC分类号： H04N5/32 , H05G1/26 , H05G1/46 , H05G1/60
摘要： An X-ray image pick-up device includes an X-ray source for radiating X-rays onto an object including a region of interest, an image intensifier for converting to an optical image an X-ray image obtained when the X-rays radiated from the X-ray source are transmitted through the object, an image pick-up camera for converting to an image pick-up signal the optical image which is generated from the image intensifier, and an optical diaphragm arranged between the image intensifier and the image pick-up camera for adjusting an amount of optical image light incident on the image pick-up camera. The X-ray image pick-up device further includes an exposure controller for detecting both the maximum value of image pick-up signals from the pick-up camera and the average value of the image pick-up signals in the region of interest at a time of fluoroscopic examination, for calculating the density resolutions of the output pick-up signals from the image pick-up camera with respect to the various combinations of tube voltages, tube currents and optical diaphragm values, and for determining a tube voltage and a tube current of an X-ray source, along with an optical diaphragm value so as to provide a maximum density resolution which permits the device to always operate under optimal exposure conditions.
摘要翻译： X射线摄像装置包括用于将X射线照射到包括感兴趣区域的物体的X射线源，用于将X射线照射时获得的X射线图像转换成光学图像的图像增强器来自X射线源的物体通过物体传送图像拾取摄像机，用于将从图像增强器产生的光学图像转换为摄像信号，以及布置在图像增强器和图像之间的光学膜拾取摄像机，用于调节入射在摄像摄像机上的光学图像光量。 X射线摄像装置还包括曝光控制器，其用于检测来自拾取照相机的摄像信号的最大值和感兴趣区域中的摄像信号的平均值，透视检查的时间，用于计算来自摄像摄像机的输出拾取信号相对于管电压，管电流和光隔膜值的各种组合的密度分辨率，以及用于确定管电压和管 X射线源的电流以及光学膜值，以提供最大密度分辨率，其允许器件在最佳曝光条件下始终运行。

55. 发明授权

US4533947A Adaptable area for image storage 失效
标题翻译：适用于图像存储的区域
公开(公告)号：US4533947A
公开(公告)日：1985-08-06
申请号：US550835
申请日：1983-11-14
申请人： Kendall A. Smith
发明人： Kendall A. Smith
IPC分类号： H04N7/18 , A61B6/00 , H04N5/91 , H05G1/60 , H05G1/64 , A61B6/02
CPC分类号： H05G1/60 , H05G1/64 , Y10S378/901
摘要： Method and apparatus for increasing the effective data storage transfer rate in a system to permit the recording of a rapid sequence of high resolution images by eliminating and hence not transferring designated portions of each image in the sequence.
摘要翻译：一种用于增加系统中的有效数据存储传送速率以允许通过消除并因此不按顺序传送每个图像的指定部分来记录快速序列的高分辨率图像的方法和装置。

56. 发明授权

US4433427A Method and apparatus for examining a body by means of penetrating radiation such as X-rays 失效
标题翻译：通过X射线等穿透性射线检查身体的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4433427A
公开(公告)日：1984-02-21
申请号：US342732
申请日：1982-01-26
申请人： Daniel I. Barnea
发明人： Daniel I. Barnea
IPC分类号： A61B6/02 , A61B6/06 , G21K1/02 , H05G1/60 , G03B41/16
CPC分类号： H05G1/60 , A61B6/06 , G21K1/025 , A61B6/4225
摘要： An image-reconstructive technique for examining a body by means of penetrating radiation, such as X-rays, is described in which a pre-body collimator having a two-dimensional array of radiation-transmitting holes each bordered by radiation non-transmitting walls is disposed between the body and the source of radiation, and a plurality of exposures are made onto a radiation-sensitive surface, in which the radiation is projected through the collimator while the radiation source is at a plurality of different locations, such that during the successive exposures, the radiation from the source passes through different ray paths defined by the holes in the pre-body collimator. The radiation level received by each of the radiation-sensitive surface elements is detected, stored, and processed to reconstruct the two-dimensional radiation pattern but with enhanced resolution. Preferably a post-body collimator is also used to suppress scattering. Described are a four-exposure procedure and a nine-exposure procedure.
摘要翻译：描述了通过诸如X射线的穿透辐射来检查身体的图像重建技术，其中具有每个由辐射非透射壁界定的辐射透射孔的二维阵列的体前准直器是设置在身体和辐射源之间，并且多个曝光被制成在辐射敏感表面上，其中辐射通过准直器投影，同时辐射源处于多个不同的位置，使得在连续的来自源的辐射通过由身体前准直仪中的孔限定的不同射线路径。由每个辐射敏感表面元件接收的辐射水平被检测，存储和处理以重构二维辐射图，但具有增强的分辨率。优选地，身体后准直仪也用于抑制散射。描述的是四曝光程序和九曝光程序。

57. 发明授权

US4432370A Method and means for minimally invasive angiography using mono-chromatized synchrotron radiation 失效
标题翻译：使用单色同步加速器辐射的微创血管造影的方法和手段
公开(公告)号：US4432370A
公开(公告)日：1984-02-21
申请号：US311305
申请日：1981-10-14
申请人： E. Barrie Hughes , Edward Rubenstein , Robert Hofstadter
发明人： E. Barrie Hughes , Edward Rubenstein , Robert Hofstadter
IPC分类号： A61B6/00 , H05G1/60
CPC分类号： A61B6/481 , A61B6/4092 , A61B6/482 , A61B6/504 , H05G1/60
摘要： Non-invasive angiography is provided through use of monochromatized synchrotron radiation in a dichromographic procedure. A small quantity of an iodinated compound is introduced into the blood stream of a patient. An X-ray picture of a blood vessel such as the coronary artery can be produced by directing synchrotron radiation from a storage ring source at first and second selected wavelengths or energy levels through the blood vessel, detecting the attenuated radiation to obtain first and second signals representative of the attenuated radiation, and logarithmically subtracting the two signals to essentially eliminate all background contrast. Due to the K-absorption edge of iodine the resulting signal will emphasize the blood vessel containing the iodine.
摘要翻译：非侵入性血管造影通过在双色层法中使用单色化同步加速器辐射来提供。将少量碘化合物引入患者的血液中。可以通过在通过血管的第一和第二选择的波长或能量水平上引导来自存储环源的同步加速器辐射来产生诸如冠状动脉的血管的X射线照片，检测衰减的辐射以获得第一和第二信号代表衰减的辐射，并对数减去两个信号，以基本上消除所有的背景对比。由于碘的K吸收边缘，所产生的信号将强调含有碘的血管。

58. 发明授权

US4413353A X-Ray encoding system using an optical grating 失效
标题翻译：使用光栅的X射线编码系统
公开(公告)号：US4413353A
公开(公告)日：1983-11-01
申请号：US299208
申请日：1981-09-03
申请人： Albert Macovski , Bruno Strul , Robert E. Alvarez
发明人： Albert Macovski , Bruno Strul , Robert E. Alvarez
IPC分类号： A61B6/03 , G01N23/04 , H05G1/60 , A61B6/00 , G03B41/16 , H04N5/32
CPC分类号： A61B6/482 , A61B6/4241 , G01N23/04 , H05G1/60
摘要： X-ray information is encoded onto photographic film by placing an optical grating between the light-emitting scintillating screen and the photographic emulsion. Information at different energies is encoded by displacing the grating between exposures or by using static gratings with an energy-selective dual screen.
摘要翻译：通过将光栅放置在发光闪烁屏幕和照相乳剂之间，将X射线信息编码到摄影胶片上。通过在曝光之间移动光栅或通过使用具有能量选择性双屏幕的静态光栅来对不同能量的信息进行编码。

59. 发明授权

US4413352A X-Ray stereoscopic cinematography apparatus 失效
标题翻译： X射线立体摄影机
公开(公告)号：US4413352A
公开(公告)日：1983-11-01
申请号：US316674
申请日：1981-10-30
申请人： Kohsaku Nishio
发明人： Kohsaku Nishio
IPC分类号： A61B6/02 , A61B6/00 , G03B42/02 , H05G1/58 , H05G1/60 , H05G1/61 , H05G1/64 , G03B41/16
CPC分类号： G03B42/02 , H01J35/045 , H01J35/24 , H05G1/58 , H05G1/60 , H01J2235/068
摘要： An X-ray stereoscopic cinematography apparatus including an X-ray tube having at least a pair of focal spots from which X-rays are irradiated independently at an object to produce an X-ray image of an object under study, means for converting the X-ray image to an optical image, an optical system device for distributing the optical image to first and second cinecameras. The optical system device includes a first half-mirror having a reflection rate of approximately fifty percent and a second half-mirror having a comparatively low transmission rate, the half-mirrors being separately positionable in a first position to reflect the optical image or a second position out of the light path of the optical image to distribute the optical image to the first and second cinecameras. A television camera is provided to accept the optical image delivered through the optical system device and to convert it to an electric signal. A mode setter enables the selection of one of a stereoscopic cinematography mode, a single cinematography mode, and a fluoroscopy mode.
摘要翻译：一种X射线立体摄影装置，包括具有至少一对焦点的X射线管，X射线从该X射线被独立地照射在被摄体上，以产生被研究对象的X射线图像，用于将X 将图像转换成光学图像，用于将光学图像分配到第一和第二电影相机的光学系统装置。光学系统装置包括具有大约百分之五十的反射率的第一半反射镜和具有相对较低传输速率的第二半反射镜，半反射镜可分开地定位在第一位置以反射光学图像或第二半反射镜位于光学图像的光路之外，以将光学图像分布到第一和第二电影院。提供电视摄像机以接受通过光学系统装置传送的光学图像并将其转换成电信号。模式设定器能够选择立体摄影模式，单个摄影模式和透视模式之一。

60. 发明授权

US4389729A High resolution digital radiography system 失效
标题翻译：高分辨率数字射线照相系统
公开(公告)号：US4389729A
公开(公告)日：1983-06-21
申请号：US331100
申请日：1981-12-15
申请人： Jay Stein
发明人： Jay Stein
IPC分类号： H05G1/60 , G01N23/04
CPC分类号： H05G1/60
摘要： A digital radiography system includes an X-ray source for projecting a beam of X-rays toward and through an object to be examined onto the input face of an image intensifier tube. A multi-hole collimator is disposed between the object and the image intensifier tube for producing a two-dimensional array of spaced pencil beams, and these pencil beams are raster scanned relative to the object being examined and across the input face of the image intensifier tube through small distances corresponding generally to the distance between the holes in the collimator. The succession of images which are produced on the output face of the image intensifier tube during the scanning of the pencil beams are scanned by a video camera whose output signals are digitized and stored as partial images, and the partial images are thereafter interleaved with one another to provide a composite comparatively high resolution image of the object being examined.
摘要翻译：数字射线照相系统包括用于将X射线束朝向和穿过待检测物体投影到图像增强管的输入面上的X射线源。多孔准直器设置在物体和图像增强管之间，用于产生间隔开的笔形光束的二维阵列，并且这些笔形光束相对于被检查对象进行光栅扫描并跨过图像增强管的输入面通过相当于准直器孔之间的距离的小距离。在扫描铅笔光束期间在图像增强管的输出面上产生的图像的连续扫描由其输出信号被数字化并作为部分图像存储的摄像机扫描，然后部分图像彼此交错以提供被检查物体的复合比较高分辨率的图像。

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