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51. 发明申请

US20060076347A1 In situ processing of hydrocarbon-bearing formations with automatic impedance matching radio frequency dielectric heating 有权
标题翻译：用自动阻抗匹配射频电介质加热的含烃地层的原位处理
公开(公告)号：US20060076347A1
公开(公告)日：2006-04-13
申请号：US11290865
申请日：2005-11-30
申请人： Dwight Kinzer
发明人： Dwight Kinzer
IPC分类号： H05B6/62
CPC分类号： H05B6/50 , E21B43/2401 , H05B6/62 , H05B2214/03
摘要： A hydrocarbon bearing formation (304) which is heated using a automatic impedance matching (181) capacitive radio frequency dielectric heating (334) in situ process. Hydrocarbons or other substances natural to a hydrocarbonaceous formation may be produced by heating specific chemical compositions with or without the use of a carrier medium (320) in a subterranean reservoir. Hydrocarbons or other substances natural to a hydrocarbonaceous formation are heated by maintaining specific chemical compositions in an alternating current electrical field generated by a radio frequency signal. As the targeted chemical compositions increase in temperature, maximum energy is delivered using automatic impedance matching to adjust the rate of the heating process.
摘要翻译：使用自动阻抗匹配（181）电容性射频电介质加热（334）原位过程加热的含烃结构（304）。可以通过在地下储层中使用或不使用载体介质（320）来加热特定的化学组成来制备碳氢化合物或其它天然烃类物质。通过将特定的化学成分保持在由射频信号产生的交流电场中，碳氢化合物或其它天然烃类物质被加热。随着目标化学成分的温度升高，使用自动阻抗匹配传递最大能量以调节加热过程的速率。

52. 发明申请

US20050006097A1 Variable frequency temperature limited heaters 有权
标题翻译：变频温度限制加热器
公开(公告)号：US20050006097A1
公开(公告)日：2005-01-13
申请号：US10693700
申请日：2003-10-24
申请人： Chester Sandberg , Harold Vinegar , Christopher Harris , Jaime Son , Fredrick Carl
发明人： Chester Sandberg , Harold Vinegar , Christopher Harris , Jaime Son , Fredrick Carl
IPC分类号： E21B36/00 , E21B36/02 , E21B36/04 , E21B43/24
CPC分类号： E21B36/008 , E21B36/02 , E21B36/04 , E21B43/24 , E21B43/2401 , H05B2214/03
摘要： A heater system may include an alternating current supply and an electrical conductor. Alternating current may be applied to one or more electrical conductors at a frequency between about 100 Hz and about 1000 Hz. The electrical conductors may be located in a formation. The electrical conductors may resistively heat upon application of the alternating electrical current. At least one of the electrical conductors may include an electrically resistive ferromagnetic material. The electrical conductor may provide a reduced amount of heat above or near a selected temperature. Heat may transfer from the electrical conductor to a part of formation.
摘要翻译：加热器系统可以包括交流电源和电导体。交流电可以以约100Hz至约1000Hz之间的频率施加到一个或多个电导体。电导体可以位于地层中。电导体可以在施加交流电流时进行电阻加热。电导体中的至少一个可以包括电阻铁磁材料。电导体可以在选定温度之上或附近提供减少量的热量。热可能从电导体转移到形成部分。

53. 发明申请

US20040177966A1 Conductor-in-conduit temperature limited heaters 有权
标题翻译：电导管温度限制加热器
公开(公告)号：US20040177966A1
公开(公告)日：2004-09-16
申请号：US10693819
申请日：2003-10-24
发明人： Harold J. Vinegar , Chester Ledlie Sandberg , Christopher Kelvin Harris , Jaime Santos Son , Fredrick Gordon Carl JR.
IPC分类号： E21B043/24
CPC分类号： E21B36/008 , E21B36/02 , E21B36/04 , E21B43/24 , E21B43/2401 , H05B2214/03
摘要： A heater may include an electrical conductor. Applying alternating current to the electrical conductor may generate resistively heat the electrical conductor. The electrical conductor may include an electrically resistive ferromagnetic material. The ferromagnetic material may at least partially surround a non-ferromagnetic material. The heater may provide a reduced amount of heat above or near a selected temperature. A conduit may at least partially surround the electrical conductor. A centralizer may maintain a separation distance between the electrical conductor and the conduit.
摘要翻译：加热器可以包括电导体。对电导体施加交流电可以产生电导体的电阻。电导体可以包括电阻铁磁材料。铁磁材料可以至少部分地围绕非铁磁材料。加热器可以在选定温度之上或附近提供减少的热量。导管可以至少部分地围绕电导体。扶正器可以保持电导体和导管之间的间隔距离。

54. 发明申请

US20040146288A1 Temperature limited heaters for heating subsurface formations or wellbores 有权
标题翻译：用于加热地下地层或井筒的温度限制加热器
公开(公告)号：US20040146288A1
公开(公告)日：2004-07-29
申请号：US10693816
申请日：2003-10-24
发明人： Harold J. Vinegar , Chester Ledlie Sandberg , Christopher Kelvin Harris , Jaime Santos Son , James Louis Menotti , Fredrick Gordon Carl JR.
IPC分类号： H05B003/02 , E21B007/15
CPC分类号： E21B36/008 , E21B36/02 , E21B36/04 , E21B43/24 , E21B43/2401 , H05B2214/03
摘要： Systems and methods are described for heating a subsurface formation. Alternating electrical current may be applied to one or more electrical conductors. The electrical conductors may be located in a subsurface formation. The electrical conductors may provide an electrically resistive heat output upon application of the alternating electrical current. At least one of the electrical conductors may include an electrically resistive ferromagnetic material. The electrical conductor may provide a reduced amount of heat above or near a selected temperature. Heat may be allowed to transfer from the electrical conductor to a part of the subsurface formation.
摘要翻译：描述了用于加热地下地层的系统和方法。交替的电流可以施加到一个或多个电导体。电导体可以位于地下地层中。电导体可以在施加交流电流时提供电阻热输出。电导体中的至少一个可以包括电阻铁磁材料。电导体可以在选定温度之上或附近提供减少量的热量。可以允许热量从电导体转移到地下地层的一部分。

55. 发明申请

US20040145969A1 Inhibiting wellbore deformation during in situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation 有权
标题翻译：在含烃地层的原位热处理期间抑制井筒变形
公开(公告)号：US20040145969A1
公开(公告)日：2004-07-29
申请号：US10693744
申请日：2003-10-24
发明人： Taixu Bai , Harold J. Vinegar , Kirk Samuel Hansen
IPC分类号： G01V001/00
CPC分类号： E21B36/008 , E21B36/02 , E21B36/04 , E21B43/24 , E21B43/2401 , H05B2214/03
摘要： A method for treating a hydrocarbon containing formation is described. The method may include providing heat from one or more heaters to at least a portion of the formation. At least one heater may be located in at least one wellbore in the formation. At least one wellbore may be sized, at least in part, based on a determination of formation expansion caused by heating of the formation so that formation expansion caused by heating of the formation is not sufficient to cause substantial deformation of one or more heaters in the sized wellbores. The ratio of the outside diameter of a heater to the inside diameter of a wellbore may be less than about 0.75. In certain embodiments, heat may transfer from the one or more heaters to a part of the formation. In some embodiments, a mixture may be produced from the formation.
摘要翻译：描述了一种处理含烃地层的方法。该方法可以包括将热量从一个或多个加热器提供给地层的至少一部分。至少一个加热器可以位于地层中的至少一个井筒中。至少一个井筒的尺寸可以至少部分地基于由地层的加热引起的地层膨胀的确定，使得由地层的加热引起的地层膨胀不足以引起一个或多个加热器在大小的井筒。加热器的外径与井眼的内径之比可以小于约0.75。在某些实施例中，热量可以从一个或多个加热器转移到地层的一部分。在一些实施方案中，可以从地层制备混合物。

56. 发明申请

US20040144540A1 High voltage temperature limited heaters 有权
标题翻译：高压限温加热器
公开(公告)号：US20040144540A1
公开(公告)日：2004-07-29
申请号：US10693820
申请日：2003-10-24
发明人： Chester Ledlie Sandberg , Harold J. Vinegar , Christopher Kelvin Harris , Jaime Santos Son , Fredrick Gordon Carl JR.
IPC分类号： E21B043/24
CPC分类号： E21B36/008 , E21B36/02 , E21B36/04 , E21B43/24 , E21B43/2401 , H05B2214/03
摘要： A heater system may include an alternating current supply and an electrical conductor. An alternating current may be applied to one or more electrical conductors at a voltage above about 200 volts. The electrical conductors may be located in a formation. The electrical conductors may provide an electrically resistive heat output upon application of the alternating electrical current. At least one of the electrical conductors may include an electrically resistive ferromagnetic material. An electrical conductor may provide a reduced amount of heat above or near a selected temperature. Heat may be allowed to transfer from an electrical conductor to a part of the formation.
摘要翻译：加热器系统可以包括交流电源和电导体。交流电可以在高于约200伏的电压下施加到一个或多个电导体。电导体可以位于地层中。电导体可以在施加交流电流时提供电阻热输出。电导体中的至少一个可以包括电阻铁磁材料。电导体可以在选定温度之上或附近提供减少的热量。可以允许热量从电导体转移到地层的一部分。

57. 发明授权

US5247994A Method of stimulating oil wells 失效
标题翻译：刺激油井的方法
公开(公告)号：US5247994A
公开(公告)日：1993-09-28
申请号：US972682
申请日：1992-11-06
申请人： John E. Nenniger
发明人： John E. Nenniger
IPC分类号： E21B36/04 , E21B37/06 , E21B43/24
CPC分类号： E21B43/2401 , E21B36/04 , E21B37/06 , H05B2214/03
摘要： This invention describes a method of stimulating production from an oil well by removing solid wax deposits from a production zone. An electrical resistance heater comprised of a packed bed of spherical heating elements is lowered through the tubing on a wireline and placed adjacent to the perforations. Solvent is pumped through the heater to raise its temperature by 200.degree. C. and then into the formation to contact wax deposits. The solid wax deposits are liquified and together with the oil and the solvent form a single liquid phase. The wax is then removed from the formation by placing the well back on production. Because the invention completely avoids the use of either water or gas, the saturation of the water and gas phases in the formation is minimized, thereby maximizing the mobility of the liquid phase containing the wax and facilitating the removal of the liquified wax from the treatment area before it reprecipitates. The packed bed heater has a large surface area and a large heat transfer coefficient, so high power rates (150 kW) can be achieved within a compact volume (6 m long .times. 5 cm id) without solvent degradation. By heating the solvent to a high temperature, a minimum volume of solvent is required, thereby minimizing production downtime and solvent costs. The burnout and catastrophic failure problem usually associated with resistive heaters is avoided due to the multiplicity of current paths through the packed bed.
摘要翻译：本发明描述了通过从生产区去除固体蜡沉积物来刺激来自油井的生产的方法。包括球形加热元件的填充床的电阻加热器通过电缆上的管道下降并且被放置在与穿孔相邻的位置。将溶剂泵送通过加热器将其温度升高到200℃，然后进入地层以接触蜡沉积物。固体蜡沉积物液化并与油和溶剂一起形成单一液相。然后通过将井放回生产中将蜡从地层中取出。由于本发明完全避免使用水或气体，所以地层中的水相和气相的饱和度被最小化，从而使含有蜡的液相的流动性最大化并且便于从处理区域去除液化的蜡之前它重新沉淀。填充床加热器具有较大的表面积和较大的传热系数，因此在不会出现溶剂降解的紧凑体积（6米长×5厘米）内可实现高功率（150千瓦）。通过将溶剂加热到高温，需要最小体积的溶剂，从而最小化生产停机时间和溶剂成本。由于通过填充床的电流路径的多样性，避免了通常与电阻加热器相关联的烧坏和灾难性故障问题。

58. 发明授权

US4793409A Method and apparatus for forming an insulated oil well casing 失效
标题翻译：用于形成绝缘油井套管的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4793409A
公开(公告)日：1988-12-27
申请号：US64063
申请日：1987-06-18
申请人： Jack E. Bridges , Joseph O. Enk , Homer L. Spencer , Vincent R. Young
发明人： Jack E. Bridges , Joseph O. Enk , Homer L. Spencer , Vincent R. Young
IPC分类号： E21B17/00 , E21B36/04 , E21B43/24 , E21B19/16 , E21B36/00 , F16L9/14 , H05B3/02
CPC分类号： E21B17/003 , E21B17/00 , E21B36/04 , E21B43/2401 , H05B2214/03
摘要： A method and apparatus for forming an electrically conductive externally insulated casing for an oil well of the type in which the casing carries electrical current to a primary heating electrode positioned downhole, using multiple prefabricated casing segments; each casing segment is a long steel pipe having a female thread coupling on one end and a male thread on the other end. Each segment has an insulator covering, over substantially all of its length, that has a figure of merit (erl)/.DELTA. of no more than 4.times.10.sup.8 so that the shunt impedance of the casing to ground can be kept substantially greater than the spreading resistance of the primary heating electrode. The preferred casing segment insulation is in two layers, including a hard, durarable inner layer subject to water degradation and an outer water-impervious layer usually applied as tape. The uninsulated portions of joints between segments are covered withan insulator cement in the field and then further covered with a water-impervious tape that overlaps the water-impervious layers on two segments.

59. 发明授权

US3989107A Induction heating of underground hydrocarbon deposits 失效
标题翻译：地下碳氢化合物沉积物的感应加热
公开(公告)号：US3989107A
公开(公告)日：1976-11-02
申请号：US556545
申请日：1975-03-10
申请人： Sidney T. Fisher , Charles B. Fisher
发明人： Sidney T. Fisher , Charles B. Fisher
IPC分类号： E21B43/24 , H05B6/36 , E21B43/25
CPC分类号： E21B43/2401 , H05B6/36 , H05B2214/03
摘要： The electric induction heating in situ of a selected portion of an underground deposit of hydrocarbons (such as petroleum, especially petroleum entrapped within a sand formation or the like, or lignite), for the purpose of facilitating extraction of hydrocarbons from the deposit. The heating is conveniently effected by passing alternating current through a conductor encompassing the selected portion. The conductive path is preferably a toroid, helix, or simulated toroid or helix, created by drilling and passing one or more conductors through the drill holes.
摘要翻译：为了便于从沉积物中提取碳氢化合物，选择部分地下沉积碳氢化合物（例如石油，特别是在砂层等内的石油或褐煤）中的电感应加热。通过使交流电流通过包围所选择的部分的导体来方便地实现加热。导电路径优选是通过钻孔并使一个或多个导体穿过钻孔而产生的环形，螺旋或模拟环形或螺旋。

60. 发明授权

US10000999B2 Apparatus for the inductive heating of oil sand and heavy oil deposits by way of current-carrying conductors 有权
公开(公告)号：US10000999B2
公开(公告)日：2018-06-19
申请号：US14285767
申请日：2014-05-23
申请人： SIEMENS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT
发明人： Dirk Diehl
IPC分类号： E21B43/24 , E21B36/04 , H05B6/10
CPC分类号： E21B43/2401 , E21B36/04 , H05B6/105 , H05B6/108 , H05B2214/03
摘要： An apparatus for the inductive heating of oil sand and heavy oil deposits by way of current-carrying conductors is provided. The conductors include individual conductor groups, wherein the conductor groups are designed in periodically repeating sections of defined length defining a resonance length, and wherein two or more of the conductor groups are capacitively coupled. In this way, each conductor can be insulated and can include a single wire.

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