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51. 发明授权

US06646418B1 Method and apparatus for fuel cell protection 有权
标题翻译：燃料电池保护方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06646418B1
公开(公告)日：2003-11-11
申请号：US10202594
申请日：2002-07-24
申请人： Chenggang Xie , Jerald A. Hallmark
发明人： Chenggang Xie , Jerald A. Hallmark
IPC分类号： H01M1046
CPC分类号： H01M8/04552 , G01R19/16542 , G01R31/3658 , H01M8/04559 , H01M8/04582 , H01M8/04589 , H01M8/04947 , H01M10/46 , H01M16/006
摘要： A fuel cell system is protected by monitoring at least one fuel cell parameter, comparing the parameter to a preset level, and disconnecting or reconnecting a main load in response to the fuel cell parameter. For example, a fuel cell system (300) is provided with a protection circuit (304, 308) that prevents operation of the fuel cells in the negative dP/dI region. System (300) includes a stack of fuel cells (302) connected in series and coupled to a main load (310). A controller (304) provides a control signal (314) based on the individual fuel cell voltage levels falling above or below a preset level. Control signal (314)is used to control a load switch (308)coupled between the stack of fuel cells (302) and the main load (310). The load switch (308) disconnects the main load (310) in order to prevent operation of the fuel cell cells in the negative dP/dI region.
摘要翻译：燃料电池系统通过监视至少一个燃料电池参数来保护，将参数与预设电平进行比较，以及响应于燃料电池参数断开或重新连接主负载。例如，燃料电池系统（300）设置有防止燃料电池在负dP / dI区域中的操作的保护电路（304,308）。系统（300）包括串联连接并耦合到主负载（310）的一堆燃料电池（302）。控制器（304）基于落在高于或低于预设水平的各个燃料电池电压电平来提供控制信号（314）。控制信号（314）用于控制耦合在燃料电池堆（302）和主负载（310）之间的负载开关（308）。负载开关（308）断开主负载（310），以防止在负dP / dI区域内的燃料电池单元的操作。

52. 发明授权

US06613204B2 Pretreatment process for a surface texturing process 失效
标题翻译：表面纹理过程的预处理过程
公开(公告)号：US06613204B2
公开(公告)日：2003-09-02
申请号：US09778430
申请日：2001-02-07
申请人： Chenggang Xie , Dean Joseph Eichman
发明人： Chenggang Xie , Dean Joseph Eichman
IPC分类号： C23C1434
CPC分类号： C23C14/22 , C23C14/028
摘要： Before submitting a sample, including a first material layered upon a substrate, to an ion milling process, whereby a second material is sputtered onto the surface of the first material and the sample is then submitted to an etching process, an irregularity is formed on the surface of the first material. The overall process results in the formation of cones, or micro-tip structures, which may then be layered with a layer of low work function material, such as amorphous diamond. The irregularity in the surface of the first material may be formed by polishing, sandblasting, photolithography, or mechanical means such as scratching.
摘要翻译：在将样品（包括层叠在基底上的第一材料）提交到离子研磨工艺之前，由此将第二材料溅射到第一材料的表面上，然后将样品进行蚀刻工艺，在表面的第一种材料。整个过程导致锥体或微尖端结构的形成，然后可以用一层低功函数材料（例如无定形金刚石）层叠。第一材料的表面的不规则性可以通过抛光，喷砂，光刻或机械方法如刮擦来形成。

53. 发明授权

US06566804B1 Field emission device and method of operation 失效
标题翻译：场发射装置及其操作方法
公开(公告)号：US06566804B1
公开(公告)日：2003-05-20
申请号：US09603493
申请日：1999-09-07
申请人： Johann T. Trujillo , Chenggang Xie
发明人： Johann T. Trujillo , Chenggang Xie
IPC分类号： H01J162
CPC分类号： H01J29/021 , H01J29/003 , H01J29/08 , H01J29/84 , H01J31/127
摘要： A field emission device (200) includes a cathode plate (110) having a back plate (112) made from glass and an anode plate (120) having a transparent substrate (122) also made from glass. A first charge control electrode (152) is affixed to a distal surface (148) of back plate (112), and a second charge control electrode (158) is affixed t0 the periphery of transparent substrate (122). A ballast resistor (114) is disposed on a proximate surface (155) of back plate (112). A method for operating told omission device (200) includes the stop of controlling a potential applied to first charge control electrode (152) in a manner sufficient to control the conductivity of ballast resistor (114) and provide an electron current (138) that is constant. The method further includes the step of controlling a potential applied to second charge control electrode (158) in a manner sufficient to prevent arcing due to wild up or charge within transparent substrate (122).
摘要翻译：场发射装置（200）包括具有由玻璃制成的背板（112）的阴极板（110）和具有也由玻璃制成的透明基板（122）的阳极板（120）。第一充电控制电极（152）固定在背板（112）的远端表面（148）上，第二充电控制电极（158）固定在透明基板（122）的周边。镇流电阻器（114）设置在背板（112）的邻近表面（155）上。一种用于操作告示装置（200）的方法包括以足以控制镇流电阻器（114）的导电性并且提供电流（138）的方式停止控制施加到第一充电控制电极（152）的电位，不变。该方法还包括以足以防止由透明衬底（122）内的野生或电荷引起的电弧而施加到第二电荷控制电极（158）的电位的步骤。

54. 发明授权

US06380914B1 Method for improving life of a field emission display 失效
标题翻译：提高场致发射显示寿命的方法
公开(公告)号：US06380914B1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-30
申请号：US09364993
申请日：1999-08-02
申请人： Chenggang Xie
发明人： Chenggang Xie
IPC分类号： G09G322
CPC分类号： G09G3/22 , G09G2310/06 , H01J3/022 , H01J9/38 , H01J2209/017
摘要： A method for improving life of a field emission display (100), which has a plurality of electron emitters (118) and an anode (124), includes the steps of causing plurality of electron emitters (118) to emit electrons, applying a first anode voltage to anode (124), thereafter applying a second anode voltage to anode (124), and thereafter applying a third anode voltage to anode (124). The first anode voltage and the second anode voltage are selected to cause electrons emitted by plurality of electron emitters (118) to be attracted toward anode (124). The third anode voltage is selected to cause electrons emitted by plurality of electron emitters (118) to not be attracted toward anode (124). Furthermore, the second anode voltage is selected to be less than the first anode voltage.
摘要翻译：一种用于改善具有多个电子发射器（118）和阳极（124）的场发射显示器（100）的寿命的方法，包括使多个电子发射器（118）发射电子的步骤，施加第一然后向阳极（124）施加第二阳极电压，然后向阳极（124）施加第三阳极电压。选择第一阳极电压和第二阳极电压使得由多个电子发射器（118）发射的电子被吸引到阳极（124）。选择第三阳极电压使得由多个电子发射器（118）发射的电子不被吸引到阳极（124）。此外，第二阳极电压被选择为小于第一阳极电压。

55. 发明授权

US6075323A Method for reducing charge accumulation in a field emission display 失效
标题翻译：用于减少场发射显示中的电荷累积的方法
公开(公告)号：US6075323A
公开(公告)日：2000-06-13
申请号：US9233
申请日：1998-01-20
申请人： Robert T. Smith , Johann Trujillo , Chenggang Xie
发明人： Robert T. Smith , Johann Trujillo , Chenggang Xie
IPC分类号： H01J29/87 , G09G3/20 , G09G3/22 , H01J29/00 , H01J29/02 , H01J29/86 , H01J31/12 , H05B37/02
CPC分类号： G09G3/22 , H01J29/00 , H01J29/028 , H01J29/864 , H01J31/127 , G09G2310/0267 , H01J2201/025 , H01J2329/8625
摘要： A method for reducing charge accumulation in a field emission display (100) includes the steps of causing a plurality of electron emitters (114) to emit electrons (132) to reduce the potential at an anode (124) of the field emission display (100). Upon the reduction of the potential at the anode (124), the electrons (132) neutralize a positively electrostatically charged surface (129) of a spacer (130). The anode potential is dropped by providing a resistor (127) in series with a voltage source (126) connected to the anode (124). The anode potential is reduced by causing the electron emitters (114) to emit simultaneously to provide a pull-down current (128) at the anode (124). The voltage at the anode (124) is reduced to a value that causes a sufficient flux of electrons (132) to be attracted to the charged surfaces (129) for neutralizing them.
摘要翻译：一种用于减少场发射显示器（100）中的电荷累积的方法包括以下步骤：使多个电子发射器（114）发射电子（132）以减小场致发射显示器（100）的阳极（124）处的电位）。当阳极（124）上的电位降低时，电子（132）中和间隔物（130）的正静电带电表面（129）。通过提供与连接到阳极（124）的电压源（126）串联的电阻器（127）来降低阳极电位。通过使电子发射器（114）同时发射以在阳极（124）处提供下拉电流（128）来减小阳极电位。阳极（124）处的电压降低到使得足够的电子通量（132）被吸引到带电表面（129）以消除它们的值。

56. 发明授权

US6025819A Method for providing a gray scale in a field emission display 失效
标题翻译：在场发射显示器中提供灰度级的方法
公开(公告)号：US6025819A
公开(公告)日：2000-02-15
申请号：US943174
申请日：1997-10-03
申请人： Chenggang Xie , Robert T. Smith , Rodolfo Lucero
发明人： Chenggang Xie , Robert T. Smith , Rodolfo Lucero
IPC分类号： G09G3/20 , G09G3/22
CPC分类号： G09G3/22 , G09G3/2014
摘要： A method for providing a gray scale in a field emission display (50) includes the step of providing a first driving pulse (214) having a pulse width equal to a pulse width separation (115) between the graphs (100, 200) of total charge response versus pulse width of a driving pulse for the non-ideal field emission display and the corresponding ideal field emission display. The pulse width separation (115) is the horizontal distance between the two graphs (100, 200) at a region wherein the two graphs (100, 200) are generally parallel. The pulse width, t.sub.n, of an nth driving pulse corresponding to an nth gray scale level is given by t.sub.n =t.sub.1 +[n-1]*[(t.sub.N -t.sub.1)/(N-1)], wherein t.sub.1 is the pulse width of the first driving pulse (214), N is the total number of gray scale levels, and t.sub.N is the pulse width of the Nth driving pulse.
摘要翻译：一种用于在场发射显示器（50）中提供灰度级的方法包括提供第一驱动脉冲（214）的步骤，该第一驱动脉冲（214）具有等于总共的图形（100,200）之间的脉冲宽度间隔（115）的脉冲宽度用于非理想场发射显示的驱动脉冲的电荷响应与脉冲宽度以及相应的理想场发射显示。脉冲宽度分离（115）是两个图形（100,200）大致平行的区域之间的两个图形（100,200）之间的水平距离。对应于第n个灰度级的第n个驱动脉冲的脉冲宽度tn由tn = t1 + [n-1] * [（tN-t1）/（N-1）]给出，其中t1是脉冲宽度的第一驱动脉冲（214），N是灰度级的总数，t N是第N驱动脉冲的脉冲宽度。

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