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    • 51. 发明申请
    • System and computer-implemented method for evaluating integrals using stratification by rank-1 lattices
    • 系统和计算机实现的方法,用于通过等级1格子分层来评估积分
    • US20050278406A1
    • 2005-12-15
    • US10439311
    • 2003-05-15
    • Alexander Keller
    • Alexander Keller
    • G06F7/38G06F17/10
    • G06F17/10
    • A system for numerically evaluating an integral of a function over an s-dimensional integration domain is described, the system comprising a sample point generator, a function value generator and an integral value estimate generator. The sample point generator is configured to generate a selected number of sample points over the integration domain, the sample points being generated such that there is at least one sample point in each of a plurality of strata distributed over the integration domain, the strata being defined by a rank-I lattice. The function value generator is configured to, for respective ones of the sample points, generate a value for the function at the respective sample point. The integral value estimate generator is configured to use the function values generated by the function value generator at the respective sample points in generating an estimate for the value of the integral. The system finds utility in a number of areas, including computer graphics.
    • 描述了一种用于数值评估在s维集成域上的函数积分的系统,该系统包括采样点发生器,函数值发生器和积分值估计发生器。 样本点生成器被配置为在整合域上生成选定数量的采样点,生成采样点,使得在整个域上分布的多个层中的每一层中至少有一个采样点,所述层被定义 由等级I格。 功能值发生器被配置为对于相应的采样点,在相应采样点处产生功能的值。 积分值估计生成器被配置为在生成对积分值的估计的各个采样点处使用由函数值生成器生成的函数值。 该系统在许多领域都可以找到应用,包括计算机图形学。
    • 52. 发明申请
    • System and method for generating pixel values for pixels in an image using strictly deterministic methodologies for generating sample points
    • 用于使用用于生成采样点的严格确定性方法来生成图像中的像素的像素值的系统和方法
    • US20050275660A1
    • 2005-12-15
    • US09884861
    • 2001-06-19
    • Alexander Keller
    • Alexander Keller
    • G06F17/18G06T15/06G06T15/50G06T15/60G09G5/00
    • G06T15/06G06T15/506G06T15/55
    • A computer graphics system generates a pixel value for a pixel in an image, the pixel being representative of a point in a scene as recorded on an image plane of a simulated camera. The computer graphics system comprises a sample point generator and a function evaluator. The sample point generator is configured to generate a set of sample points representing at least one simulated element of the simulated camera, the sample points representing elements of, illustratively, for sample points on the image plane, during time interval during which the shutter is open, and on the lens, a Hammersley sequence, and, for use in global illumination, a scrambled Halton sequence. The function evaluator configured to generate at least one value representing an evaluation of said selected function at one of the sample points generated by said sample point generator, the value generated by the function evaluator corresponding to the pixel value.
    • 计算机图形系统为图像中的像素生成像素值,该像素代表记录在模拟相机的图像平面上的场景中的点。 计算机图形系统包括采样点发生器和功能评估器。 采样点发生器被配置为在快门打开的时间间隔期间生成表示模拟相机的至少一个模拟元素的采样点集合,采样点表示图像平面上的采样点的元素,示例性地示出 ,并且在镜头上是Hammersley序列,并且在全局照明中使用加扰的Halton序列。 所述功能评估器被配置为在由所述采样点发生器产生的采样点之一中产生表示对所选择的函数的评估的至少一个值,所述值由与所述像素值相对应的所述函数评估器生成。
    • 58. 发明授权
    • System, method, and computer program product for deterministically simulating light transport
    • 用于确定性模拟光传输的系统,方法和计算机程序产品
    • US08860725B2
    • 2014-10-14
    • US12856529
    • 2010-08-13
    • Alexander KellerLeonhard GrünschloβMarc Droske
    • Alexander KellerLeonhard GrünschloβMarc Droske
    • G06T15/50
    • G06T15/50
    • A system, method, and computer program product are provided for deterministically simulating light transport. In use, all pairs of non-negative integers are enumerated (e.g. in a predetermined order). Additionally, for each of the enumerated pairs of non-negative integers, an associated pair of a query point and a photon is identified by: identifying a query point associated with a first non-negative integer of the pair of non-negative integers using a deterministic point sequence of query points and identifying a photon associated with a second non-negative integer of the pair of non-negative integers using a deterministic point sequence of photons. Further, for each of the query points in the deterministic point sequence of query points, photons in the deterministic point sequence of photons associated with the query point are identified. Still yet, an illumination value is computed for each query point of each of the photons associated with the query point using the pairs of query points and photons and at least one transport property at the query point.
    • 提供了用于确定性模拟光传输的系统,方法和计算机程序产品。 在使用中,列举所有非负整数对(例如,以预定顺序)。 此外,对于每个枚举的非负整数对,通过以下方式来识别查询点和光子的相关联的对:使用一个非负整数来识别与一对非负整数的第一非负整数相关联的查询点 使用光子的确定性点序列,查询点的确定性点序列和识别与非对称整数对中的第二非负整数相关联的光子。 此外,对于查询点的确定性点序列中的每个查询点,识别与查询点相关联的光子的确定性点序列中的光子。 仍然,使用查询点和光子对以及查询点处的至少一个传输属性来计算与查询点相关联的每个光子的每个查询点的照明值。
    • 59. 发明授权
    • System, method, and computer program product for consistent image synthesis
    • 系统,方法和计算机程序产品,用于一致的图像合成
    • US08558835B2
    • 2013-10-15
    • US12512782
    • 2009-07-30
    • Alexander KellerCarsten A. WächterMichael R. Kaplan
    • Alexander KellerCarsten A. WächterMichael R. Kaplan
    • G06T17/00G06T15/00
    • G06T1/00
    • A system, method, and computer program product are provided for focusing computing power to a region of interest that can be changed interactively and arbitrarily during the process of image synthesis. In operation, a problem domain is partitioned utilizing a first selected technique. Additionally, a number of samples to be drawn per partition are assigned utilizing a second selected technique. Furthermore, the assigned number of samples are drawn for each partition, where the samples are generated by only one deterministic sample sequence. Still yet, the partitioning, assigning, and drawing are capable of being repeated such that existing partitions and assignments are capable of remaining unchanged during sampling and a convergence speed is adapted without compromising convergence in at least one of a sequential computing environment or a parallel computing environment. In this way, the convergence of image synthesis is not compromised. In fact, the image synthesis process may converge to the same solution that would have been obtained without interaction.
    • 提供了一种系统,方法和计算机程序产品,用于将计算能力聚焦到在图像合成过程中可以交互地和任意地改变的感兴趣区域。 在操作中,利用第一选择的技术来划分问题域。 另外,利用第二选择的技术来分配要分割的多个样本。 此外,为每个分区绘制分配的样本数,其中样本仅由一个确定性样本序列生成。 仍然,分区,分配和绘图能够被重复,使得现有的分区和分配能够在采样期间保持不变,并且适应收敛速度而不损害顺序计算环境或并行计算中的至少一个中的收敛 环境。 以这种方式,图像合成的收敛性不受影响。 事实上,图像合成过程可能会收敛到在没有交互的情况下获得的相同解决方案。
    • 60. 发明申请
    • PACKAGING
    • 打包
    • US20120305566A1
    • 2012-12-06
    • US13577341
    • 2011-02-18
    • Roland KneerAlexander Keller
    • Roland KneerAlexander Keller
    • B65D25/14
    • B65D83/0055B65D47/2081
    • The packaging comprising an essentially dimensionally stable, elastically deformable external container, an easily deformable inner bag arranged therein, which receives the filling material, and a valve, is characterized in that the valve comprises a base body which extends over the opening of the external container and comprises at least one through opening for the filling material and a pin oriented away from the external container, and a cap which is fastened to the neck of the external container and covers the base body and the upper end wall of which is formed by a membrane which delimits a receiving chamber for the filling material between the cap and the base body and comprises an outlet opening for the filling material which in the unpressurized state of the packaging is closed by the pin in that the membrane with the area containing the outlet opening rests under preload on the pin, the membrane being lifted from the pin upon exertion of pressure on the external container by the pressurized filling material contained in the receiving chamber, so that filling material can exit, and that the cap comprises an air chamber which is separated from the receiving chamber for the filling material and sealed relative to the receiving chamber and the external container and which is connected via at least one hole through the wall of the external container to the intermediate chamber between the external container and the inner bag and via at least one venting valve to the exterior atmosphere.
    • 所述包装包括基本上尺寸稳定的,可弹性变形的外部容器,容纳可变形的内袋,其容纳所述填充材料和阀,其特征在于,所述阀包括在所述外部容器的开口上延伸的基体 并且包括用于填充材料的至少一个通孔和远离外部容器的销,以及盖,其紧固到外部容器的颈部并且覆盖基体,并且其上端壁由 隔膜限定用于盖和基体之间的填充材料的接收室,并且包括用于填充材料的出口开口,其在包装的非加压状态下被销封闭,因为膜具有包含出口开口的区域 在引脚上的预载下,在外部容器上施加压力t时,膜从销抬起 他加压容纳在容纳室中的填充材料,使得填充材料可以离开,并且该盖包括一个空气室,该空气室与用于填充材料的接收室分离并相对于容纳室和外部容器密封, 通过至少一个孔穿过外部容器的壁连接到外部容器和内部袋之间的中间室,并且经由至少一个排气阀连接到外部大气。