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41. 发明授权

US4367656A Single axis force transducer 失效
标题翻译：单轴力传感器
公开(公告)号：US4367656A
公开(公告)日：1983-01-11
申请号：US211595
申请日：1980-12-01
申请人： Joseph E. Fritsch
发明人： Joseph E. Fritsch
IPC分类号： A01B63/112 , G01L1/22 , G01L5/13
CPC分类号： G01L1/2206 , A01B63/112 , G01L5/136
摘要： A transducer for sensing forces in a single axis. A beam (14) which may be the draft link of a tractor is provided with an intermediate central beam (32) defined by two relatively narrow parallel slots (30) disposed closely adjacent to the neutral plane (34) of the beam (14). The central beam (32) is provided with a reduced cross sectional area (44) which acts to mechanically amplify tensile and compressive loads applied along the axis of the beam. Strain sensing means, which may be strain gauges, are associated with the reduced cross sectional area. The slots (30) and reduced cross sectional area are formed by wire electro discharge machining.
摘要翻译：用于感测单个轴上的力的换能器。可以是牵引车的牵引连接件的梁（14）设置有中间中心梁（32），其由两个相对窄的平行的狭槽（30）限定，该狭槽平行的狭槽（30）邻近梁（14）的中立平面（34）设置，。中心梁（32）设置有减小的横截面面积（44），其用于机械地放大沿梁的轴线施加的拉伸和压缩载荷。可能是应变计的应变传感装置与减小的横截面积相关联。槽（30）和横截面积减小是通过电线放电加工形成的。

42. 发明授权

US4354390A Tractor pull sled 失效
标题翻译：拖拉机拉雪橇
公开(公告)号：US4354390A
公开(公告)日：1982-10-19
申请号：US162083
申请日：1980-06-23
申请人： Robert A. Chamberlain
发明人： Robert A. Chamberlain
IPC分类号： B62D21/18 , B62D39/00 , B62D65/00 , G01L5/13
CPC分类号： B62D65/00 , B62D21/183 , B62D39/00 , G01L5/13
摘要： A sled for use in tractor pulling contests, and the like, comprising a frame supported on front and rear wheels, a ballast mass supported by the frame, a pan adapted for sliding frictional engagement with the ground, and an articulated linkage mechanism for transfering the weight of the ballast from the wheels to pan. As the sled is pulled, the linkage mechanism, which is driven by rotation of the rear wheels, progressively shifts the weight of the sled from the wheels to the pan, by lowering the pan relative to the frame. The suspension springs for the rear axle have a greater vertical stroke than those for the front. Therefore, although the front wheels may ultimately be completely lifted from the ground during the weight transfer, the rear wheels always contact the ground with a force sufficient to drive the linkage mechanism. suBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONTractor pulling contests have become increasingly popular. Originally merely a local activity, popular at county fairs for competition among actual agricultural machines, tractor pulling is now an important motor sport in its own right. Championships on state and nation levels are contested among machines that will never pull a combine, some of them capable of producing over two thousand horsepower. For such high level competition, accurate measuring devices are essential. The old fashioned simple sled to which weights were progressively added during a competition is obsolete.Current competition requires a sled which will progressively increase its frictional force on the ground as it is pulled by a tractor, until ultimately the tractor is stopped by the drag. A common type of sled device suitable for such competition is examplified by the disclosure in U.S. Pat. No. 3,491,590 to Billy K. Watkins. The Watkins sled, and others based on the same principle, comprises a frame supported on the rear end by wheels, and on its front end by a ground engaging pan or sled. A ballast box is rolled on tracks or rails carried by the frame from the rear of the sled, adjacent the rear wheels, to the front of the sled, adjacent the ground engaging pan. As the sled is pulled, the ballast box is automatically shifted from the rear to the forward position, thereby progressively increasing the weight supported by the pan, and thus the frictional drag. The ballast box may be moved forward by geared-down rotation of the sled's rear wheels, or by a pulley and cable arrangement, attached to a dead-man stake anchored to the ground behind the sled. The following U.S. patents all disclose similar devices in which a ballast box is moved forward on a frame relative to rear wheels, a distance proportional to the distance which the sled device is pulled.U.S. Pat. No. 3,491,590--WatkinsU.S. Pat. No. 3,633,413--CaseU.S. Pat. No. 3,659,455--WatkinsU.S. Pat. No. 3,667,291--PeakU.S. Pat. No. 3,741,010--LuedtkeU.S. Pat. No. 3,967,496--LuedtkeAll of these devices shift the center of gravity forward from a rear wheel support to a front ground-engaging slidable support.However, sleds of this design have drawbacks. Typically, many tons of ballast are necessary, yet the most powerful tractors will still attain speed of perhaps 40 mph (65 km/h) before being stopped by the drag of the sled. At such speeds, a large weight shiftably mounted on the sled and moving relative to the sled is obviously dangerous. This danger is recognized by the National Tractor Pullers Association, whose rules require that . . ."Each sled must have two complete sets of stops at the front of the rails. Stops shall be made of substantial material, strong enough to halt a fully loaded free wheeling weight box, and be securely fastened to the transfer."Nevertheless, despite precautions, the danger in this device is inherent. Returning the massive ballast box on its rails across the length of said sled also presents opportunities for accidents.There is, accordingly, a need for a tractor pull sled capable of providing increasing fictional drag with the ground during a pull, without requiring any significant movement of a ballast means relative to the sled.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONThe invention provides a tractor pulling sled producing progressively increasing drag as it is pulled, but eliminating the necessitity for longitudinal movement of a ballast box on the sled frame. The invention comprises a ballasted frame supported at both ends on wheels, a ground engaging pan vertically shiftable relative to the frame, and an articulated linkage for shifting the pan downwardly relative to the frame. Leaf springs between the wheel axle and the frame suspend the weight of the frame and ballast over the wheels. As the sled is pulled forward, the rotational motion of the rear wheels is translated by gears and drive chains into a linear force which operates the linkage mechanism. The parallelogram linkage is articulated between the frame and the ground engaging pan. As the linkage expands, therefore, the pan is first lowered to the ground, then the frame is pushed upwardly from the pan. As the frame and ballast rise, progressively less of their weight is transmitted through the leaf springs to the wheels, and more is transmitted through the linkage mechanism to the pan. Ultimately, the front wheels of the sled are lifted completely off of the ground, and are suspended from the frame on the leaf springs. The suspension of the rear wheels is adapted to maintain the rear wheels' contact with the ground, so that the drive mechanism will continue to be driven.
摘要翻译：用于拖拉机牵引比赛的滑雪板等包括支撑在前轮和后轮上的框架，由框架支撑的压载物质，适于与地面滑动摩擦接合的平底锅，以及用于传送从车轮到平底锅的重量。当滑板被拉动时，通过后轮的旋转驱动的联动机构通过相对于框架相对地降低托盘而逐渐地将雪橇的重量从轮子转移到盘中。用于后桥的悬架弹簧具有比前部的更大的垂直行程。因此，尽管在重量传递期间前轮最终可以完全从地面提升，但是后轮总是以足以驱动连杆机构的力与地面接触。

43. 发明授权

US4295530A Lower link draft sensing system on tractor 失效
标题翻译：拖拉机下连接牵引传感系统
公开(公告)号：US4295530A
公开(公告)日：1981-10-20
申请号：US133190
申请日：1980-03-24
申请人： Herbert E. Ashfield , Harry Horsfall , Philip M. Wade
发明人： Herbert E. Ashfield , Harry Horsfall , Philip M. Wade
IPC分类号： A01B63/00 , A01B63/112 , G01L5/13
CPC分类号： A01B63/112
摘要： Tractor hydraulic power lift mechanisms may have automatic draft control signals fed back to them from lower link draft force sensing systems. One such system has two bowed rearwardly-extending leaf springs anchored to the tractor frame at their front ends, two laterally-spaced arms pivoted at their upper ends to the tractor frame and at their lower ends to the rear ends of the respective springs, a cross-bar universally supported by the lower ends of the respective arms and having two attachment points laterally offset from said arms to which the front ends of respective lower hitch links are universally connectible, and linkage for deriving a control signal from the fore and aft displacement of the mid-point of the cross-bar. However, the cross-bar is stressed in bending to the detriment of the control signal accuracy. To avoid this, a summating bar is universally connected between said arms and the control signal derived from a point on the unstressed summating bar.
摘要翻译：拖拉机液压动力提升机构可以具有从下连杆牵引力感测系统反馈给它们的自动牵引控制信号。一个这样的系统具有两个弯曲的向后延伸的板簧，在其前端锚固到拖拉机框架，两个横向间隔开的臂在其上端枢转到拖拉机框架，并且在其下端枢转到相应弹簧的后端，横杆通常由相应臂的下端支撑并且具有横向偏离所述臂的两个附接点，各个下连接链节的前端可普遍连接到所述臂，以及用于从前后位移导出控制信号的联动的横杆的中点。然而，横杆在弯曲时受到压力，不利于控制信号的精度。为了避免这种情况，总和棒通常连接在所述臂和源自无应力求和杆上的点的控制信号之间。

44. 发明授权

US4253331A Force measuring device 失效
标题翻译：力测量装置
公开(公告)号：US4253331A
公开(公告)日：1981-03-03
申请号：US77818
申请日：1979-09-21
申请人： Dennis R. Unruh
发明人： Dennis R. Unruh
IPC分类号： A01B63/112 , G01L1/04 , G01L5/04 , G01L5/13
CPC分类号： G01L1/04 , A01B63/112 , G01L5/047 , G01L5/136
摘要： This lower link for a three-bar hitch provides a practical way to determine the tension force present in a lower link independent of any bending or other loadings. The link is formed of two bars which are bent out from each other to an intermediate point and then converge together forming a diamond-shaped opening between the bars and the distance between the intermediate points on the bars is measured by a length measuring device; the length being translatable into the tension force on the link.
摘要翻译：用于三杆连接的这种下部连杆提供了一种确切的方式来确定存在于下部链接中的张力，而不管任何弯曲或其他载荷。该连杆由两个彼此弯曲成中间点的条形成，然后汇合在一起，形成在金属条之间的菱形开口，并且通过长度测量装置测量条上的中间点之间的距离; 长度可以平移到链节上的张力。

45. 发明授权

US4206813A Draft sensing apparatus 失效
标题翻译：牵引传感装置
公开(公告)号：US4206813A
公开(公告)日：1980-06-10
申请号：US930476
申请日：1978-08-02
申请人： Otto Mueller, Jr. , Lee E. Elfes
发明人： Otto Mueller, Jr. , Lee E. Elfes
IPC分类号： A01B63/112 , G01L5/13
CPC分类号： G01L5/136 , A01B63/112
摘要： An improved tractor draft sensing mechanism of a special construction so designed that it will transmit only draft signals to the tractor draft control linkage. The mechanism includes a rigid sensing arm hinged at one end to a mounting clamp disposed about a bendable shaft, the mounting clamp being provided with set screws which contact a surface of a housing to resist relative rotational movement of the mounting clamp about the bendable shaft.
摘要翻译：一种特殊结构的改进的拖拉机吃水检测机构，其设计方式只能将牵引信号传送到拖拉机牵引控制联动装置。该机构包括一个刚性感应臂，其一端铰接到围绕可弯曲轴设置的安装夹具，该安装夹具设置有固定螺钉，该固定螺钉接触壳体的表面以抵抗安装夹具围绕可弯曲轴的相对旋转运动。

46. 发明授权

US4199979A Test stand 失效
标题翻译：测试台
公开(公告)号：US4199979A
公开(公告)日：1980-04-29
申请号：US907455
申请日：1978-05-19
申请人： Charles H. Herr, Jr. , Alan L. McLees
发明人： Charles H. Herr, Jr. , Alan L. McLees
IPC分类号： G01M17/03 , F16D1/00 , F16D1/10 , G01L3/16 , G01M15/02 , G01L5/13
CPC分类号： F16D1/10 , G01L3/16 , G01M15/02
摘要： A test stand including a coupling for coupling a dynamometer to a drive sprocket of a vehicle to be tested and including a housing adapted to be rotated about an axis and having elongated guides in a plane generally transverse to the axis, at least two slides movably received in the guides, a screw shaft journalled for rotation in the housing and connected to the slides, the screw shaft being fixed against substantial longitudinal movement within the housing and, when rotated, effecting simultaneous movement of the slides towards or away from the axis, detents carried by the housing and engaging the screw shaft for holding the screw shaft against rotation, and a plurality of teeth, one for each slide, each mounted on an associated slide and extending therefrom in a direction generally parallel to the axis for receipt between the teeth of a sprocket.
摘要翻译：一种测试台，包括用于将测力计耦合到待测试的车辆的驱动链轮的联接器，并且包括适于围绕轴线旋转并且在大体上横向于轴线的平面中具有细长引导件的壳体，可移动地接收至少两个滑块在引导件中，螺钉轴被轴颈旋转以在壳体中旋转并连接到滑块，螺杆轴被固定成在壳体内基本上纵向运动，并且当旋转时，滑动件同时沿轴向移动或远离轴线移动，由壳体承载并接合用于保持螺杆轴的旋转的螺纹轴，以及多个齿，每个滑动件用于每个滑动件，每个滑动件安装在相关联的滑块上，并且在大致平行于轴线的方向上从其延伸以在齿之间接收的链轮。

47. 发明授权

US4077255A Roller type chassis dynamometer 失效
标题翻译：滚筒式底盘测功机
公开(公告)号：US4077255A
公开(公告)日：1978-03-07
申请号：US733796
申请日：1976-10-19
申请人： Tadao Murakami
发明人： Tadao Murakami
IPC分类号： G01L3/22 , G01M17/007 , G01L5/13
CPC分类号： G01L3/22 , G01M17/0072
摘要： A roller type chassis dynamometer includes: a hollow roller to be driven by a material to be inspected; a rotatable shaft having its axis extending in concentric alignment with the axis of the hollow roller and having its outer peripheral surface which defines an annular space therearound with the inner peripheral surface of the hollow roller; a power absorbing means positioned within the annular space and secured on said rotatable shaft, the power absorbing means absorbing a power to be transmitted to the roller; and detecting means associated with the rotatable shaft for detecting a power absorbed in the power absorbing means, the power absorbing means having an exciting coil provided with a lead wire running through an axial bore extending through the rotatable shaft, to the exterior of the dynamometer, to be connected to a power source, whereby the exciting coil may produce a given braking torque by controlling an electric current to be supplied thereto, commensurate with the actual condition of a material being inspected, and then the torque thus produced is directly measured by the detecting means.
摘要翻译：辊式底盘测功机包括：待被检查材料驱动的中空辊; 可旋转的轴，其轴线与中空辊的轴线同心地延伸，并且其外周表面与中空辊的内周表面限定环形空间; 功率吸收装置，其定位在所述环形空间内并固定在所述可旋转轴上，所述动力吸收装置吸收要传递到所述辊的动力; 以及与所述旋转轴相关联的用于检测所述功率吸收装置中吸收的功率的检测装置，所述动力吸收装置具有励磁线圈，所述励磁线圈设置有穿过可旋转轴延伸穿过的轴向孔的引线到所述测力计的外部，与电源连接，由此励磁线圈可以通过控制要供给的电流而产生给定的制动转矩，与被检查材料的实际状况相对应，然后由这样产生的转矩直接由检测装置。

48. 发明授权

US3978718A Electronic dynamometer 失效
标题翻译：电子测功机
公开(公告)号：US3978718A
公开(公告)日：1976-09-07
申请号：US563317
申请日：1975-03-31
申请人： Ronald W. Schorsch
发明人： Ronald W. Schorsch
IPC分类号： G01L3/24 , G01L5/13
CPC分类号： G01L3/242
摘要： Device for instant, continuing meter display of relative engine torque and tachometer output together with power indication. The engine torque and power read-out derives from electro-mechanically coupling the engine to the dynamometer to sense the motion caused by the torque reaction of a motor or other torquing force. A motion sensor outputs a signal which can be made to read-out directly in torque on either a relative or absolute scale. Power indication is obtained by multiplying the tachometer and torque signals so that the resulting output is directly read-out in horsepower on either a relative or absolute scale.
摘要翻译：相关发动机扭矩和转速计输出的瞬时，持续仪表显示装置以及电源指示。发动机扭矩和功率读出来自于机械地将发动机耦合到测力计，以感测由电动机的扭矩反作用或其他扭矩力引起的运动。运动传感器以相对或绝对刻度的扭矩输出可以直接读取的信号。通过将转速计和转矩信号相乘获得功率指示，使得所得到的输出以相对或绝对刻度的马力直接读出。

49. 发明授权

US3886788A Tractor test cell 失效
标题翻译：拖拉机测试单元
公开(公告)号：US3886788A
公开(公告)日：1975-06-03
申请号：US39416773
申请日：1973-09-04
申请人： CATERPILLAR TRACTOR CO
发明人： JETER JR HAROLD W
IPC分类号： G01M17/007 , G01L5/13
CPC分类号： G01M17/0074
摘要： A test facility for large vehicles, such as crawler tractors and wheeled construction equipment, includes a treadmill for supporting, driving, and braking the vehicle, a dynamometer coupled to the vehicle power takeoff shaft, a pair of load arms having load cells provided therein and attached to trunnions on the vehicle undercarriage, a function control unit to remotely operate the vehicle, and a computer coupled to the vehicle instrumentation, the treadmill, the dynamometer, the load cells, and the function control unit to automatically control the unit through predetermined test cycles, to monitor vehicle operation and response, and to provide a printed record of such operation and response.

50. 发明授权

US3837219A Variable inertia flywheel apparatus 失效
标题翻译：可变惰性飞行器装置
公开(公告)号：US3837219A
公开(公告)日：1974-09-24
申请号：US88918069
申请日：1969-12-30
申请人： CLAYTON MANUFACTURING CO
发明人： CLAYTON W
IPC分类号： G01L5/13 , G01M17/007
CPC分类号： G01M17/0074 , G01L5/13 , G01M17/0072
摘要： Variable inertia flywheel apparatus for use with a chassis dynamometer, during vehicle engine exhaust gas emission measurements. The apparatus simulates the effect of vehicle roadway-inertia loads on the engine during acceleration and deceleration, while the vehicle is being operated on the dynamometer. A wide range of inertia loads are simulated by three flywheels, each having a different mass; two of the flywheels are each driven from a main shaft, connected with a dynamometer roll, at two different speed ratios, and the third flywheel is driven from the same main shaft at three different speed ratios. More specifically, the flywheels are driven by sheaves and separate sets of belts that can be independently and selectively tensioned to drive one or more of the flywheels at a speed ratio relative to the speed of the dynamometer rolls so as to simulate the corresponding inertia loads. The third flywheel, which normally is in use at all times during a test, is designed to compensate for the inertia load of the particular power absorption unit, dynamometer rolls, drive belts, etc., with which the apparatus is used. Inertia load increments of 250 pounds can be simulated for testing vehicles weighing between about 1,500 pounds through 3,000 pounds, and 500 pound inertia load increments can be simulated for vehicles weighing between about 3,000 and 5,500 pounds. The flywheels are driven by sets of belts tensioned by idlers carried by shift plates operated by control levers that can be individually and selectively shifted to provide the 1,500 to 5,500 pound vehicle weight range of inertia loads, as well as a no-inertia load condition.
摘要翻译：可变惯性飞轮装置，用于底盘测功机，在车辆发动机废气排放测量期间。该装置模拟在加速和减速期间车辆巷道 - 惯性载荷对发动机的影响，同时车辆在测力计上运行。通过三个飞轮模拟各种惯性载荷，每个飞轮具有不同的质量; 两个飞轮每个都以两个不同的速度与从动主轴相连的主轴驱动，第三个飞轮以三个不同的速度从相同的主轴驱动。更具体地，飞轮由滑轮和单独的皮带组驱动，可以独立地选择性地张紧以相对于测力计辊的速度的速度比驱动一个或多个飞轮，以模拟相应的惯性负载。通常在测试期间一直使用的第三个飞轮被设计成补偿使用该装置的特定功率吸收单元，测力计辊，传动带等的惯性负载。对于重达约1500磅至3,000磅的车辆，可以模拟250磅的惯性负荷增量，而对于重约3,000至5,500磅的车辆，可以模拟500磅的惯性负荷增量。飞轮由一系列由通过控制杆操作的换档板承载的惰轮张紧的皮带驱动，可以单独选择性地移动，以提供1,500至5,500磅的重量范围的惯性负载以及无惯量负载条件。

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