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41. 发明授权

US5251691A Device for the indirect heating of air 失效
标题翻译：用于间接加热空气的装置
公开(公告)号：US5251691A
公开(公告)日：1993-10-12
申请号：US820626
申请日：1992-01-23
申请人： Per Collin , Mans Collin
发明人： Per Collin , Mans Collin
IPC分类号： F02C1/04 , F02C3/26 , F02C7/10 , F28D13/00 , F28C3/16 , F23D1/00
CPC分类号： F28D13/00 , F02C7/10
摘要： A device for the indirect heating of air or another gas at high pressure to a high temperature, consisting of a heat exchanger of a special construction submerged in a fluid bed of the "classical type", through which flows a fluidized hot, finely powdered bed material which is introduced (2) below the bed surface (3) and discharged through an overflow (5). The heat exchanger surface is formed by hairpin-shaped tubes (6) with legs of unequal length, the shorter legs thereof discharging into the upper bottom of an inlet chamber (7) and the longer legs thereof extending down through a tubular lead-through (9) between the bottoms of said inlet chamber (7), which lead-through is concentric with said tube leg and opens into the upper bottom of an outlet chamber (8), with an annular channel between said tube (6) and said lead-through (9). A bell (12) is secured to each of the long legs above the lead-through (9), forming together with the annular channel (11) a distribution means of "bubble cap" type for the fluidizing air supplied to the fluid bed (13). The low space (14) between the pressure chambers is separated from the fluid bed and is supplied with a small air flow, which through the annular channels (11) bubbles out below the "bells" (12) and fluidizes the bed (13). The invention is also related to the use of said device for the indirect heating of gas, especially air.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / SE90 / 00452 Sec。 371日期1992年1月23日 102（e）日期1992年1月23日PCT Filed 1990年6月21日PCT公布。出版物WO90 / 15963 日期：1990年12月27日。一种用于将高压或高温空气或另一种气体间接加热的装置，由特殊结构的热交换器组成，浸没在“经典型”流化床中，流经流化的，细粉末的床料，其被引入（2）在床表面（3）下方并通过溢流（5）排出。热交换器表面由具有不等长度的腿的发夹形管（6）形成，其较短的腿排放到入口室（7）的上底部，并且其较长的腿向下延伸穿过管状导通（ 9）在所述入口室（7）的底部之间，该导入件与所述管腿同心并且通向出口室（8）的上部底部，在所述管（6）和所述引线（9）。钟形件（12）固定到穿过（9）上方的每条长腿上，与环形通道（11）一起形成一个用于供给流化床的流化空气的“气泡盖”型分配装置 13）。压力室之间的低空间（14）与流化床分离并且被供应有小的空气流，其通过环形通道（11）在“钟”（12）下方气泡流动并使床（13）流化，。本发明还涉及使用所述装置来间接加热气体，特别是空气。

42. 发明授权

US4761957A Indirectly heated gas turbine engine 失效
标题翻译：间接加热燃气轮机
公开(公告)号：US4761957A
公开(公告)日：1988-08-09
申请号：US790105
申请日：1985-10-22
申请人： John D. Eberhardt , Peter L. Hovde , John M. Koerber , Robert J. Neary , Robert V. Peltier
发明人： John D. Eberhardt , Peter L. Hovde , John M. Koerber , Robert J. Neary , Robert V. Peltier
IPC分类号： F02C1/04
CPC分类号： F02C1/04
摘要： Indirectly fired gas turbine engine systems which can be operated on alternative or renewable fuels or by waste heat. Fast response time over the entire operating range of the engine, precise control over turbine inlet temperature, and water injection for increased power output are featured as are arrangements for dumping air and thereby preventing mechanical damage when rapid deceleration occurs or the load is lost. Other mechanical innovations facilitate start-up and shut-down of the turbine engine; make preheated process air available; and provide precise control over the thermal energy supplied to the heat exchanger in which compressor discharge air is heated.
摘要翻译：间接燃烧的燃气涡轮发动机系统，可以用替代燃料或可再生燃料或废热进行操作。在发动机的整个工作范围内的快速响应时间，对涡轮机入口温度的精确控制以及用于增加功率输出的注水特征还包括倾倒空气的布置，从而防止在发生急速减速或负载损失时的机械损坏。其他机械创新便于涡轮发动机的启动和关闭; 使预热的工艺空气可用; 并且提供对供给到压缩机排出空气被加热的热交换器的热能的精确控制。

43. 发明授权

US4751814A Air cycle thermodynamic conversion system 失效
标题翻译：空气循环热力学转换系统
公开(公告)号：US4751814A
公开(公告)日：1988-06-21
申请号：US747552
申请日：1985-06-21
申请人： William M. Farrell
发明人： William M. Farrell
IPC分类号： F02C6/02 , F02C1/04 , F02C7/143 , F02G5/02 , F02C6/00 , F02C7/08
CPC分类号： F02C1/04 , F02C7/143 , F02G5/02 , Y02E20/16 , Y02T10/166 , Y02T50/675
摘要： An air cycle thermodynamic conversion system compresses a compressible gas in a multi-stage compression process with intercoolers between each adjacent pair of compressors. The intercoolers return the compressed gas temperature to about ambient temperature before each succeeding compression operation. The compressed gas is heated in a heat exchanger passing a heated exhaust gas in counterflow with the compressed gas to increase the thermal energy of thereof. A minimum temperature gradient is maintained between the heating compressed gas and the cooling exhaust gas by establishing the two flows such that they both have about equal heat capacities. The heated compressed gas is expanded in a turbine to produce at least enough torque to drive the multi-stage compression system. Additional torque may be produced in the turbine for driving a using process. Alternatively, an excess of heated gas, beyond that required for driving the turbine, may be fed directly to a using process. Further heat capture may make use of the effluent heated medium from the intercoolers as well as the exhaust from the turbine. In the preferred embodiment, the working gas in the compressors, intercoolers and turbine is air.
摘要翻译：空气循环热力学转换系统在多级压缩过程中压缩可压缩气体，其中每个相邻压缩机之间具有中间冷却器。在每次后续的压缩操作之前，中间冷却器将压缩气体温度返回到大约环境温度。压缩气体在热交换器中被加热，通过与被压缩的气体逆流的加热废气以增加其热能。通过建立两个流具有大致相等热容的两个流，在加热压缩气体和冷却废气之间保持最小温度梯度。加热的压缩气体在涡轮机中膨胀以产生至少足够的扭矩来驱动多级压缩系统。在涡轮机中可能产生额外的扭矩来驱动使用过程。或者，可以将超过驱动涡轮机所需的过量的加热气体直接供给到使用过程。进一步的热捕获可以利用来自中间冷却器的流出物加热介质以及来自涡轮机的废气。在优选实施例中，压缩机，中间冷却器和涡轮机中的工作气体是空气。

44. 发明授权

US4504291A Dropout boot for power recovery train 失效
标题翻译：电力恢复火车的辍学启动
公开(公告)号：US4504291A
公开(公告)日：1985-03-12
申请号：US508773
申请日：1983-06-29
申请人： James H. Haddad , Klaus W. Schatz
发明人： James H. Haddad , Klaus W. Schatz
IPC分类号： B01D53/34 , B01D45/02 , B01J8/00 , F02C1/04 , F23J3/04 , B01D45/08
CPC分类号： B01J8/007 , B01D45/02 , B01J8/0065
摘要： A dropout boot is provided for removing solid particles from a hot gas stream comprising an enclosed metal boot shell having an upper vertical inlet means adapted to receive hot gas from refractory lined gas conduit and having a lower horizontal outlet means for passing hot clean gas to an energy recovery system or the like; said boot shell having an upper flared portion adjacent the inlet means with outward and downwardly flared configuration whereby gas velocity is substantially reduced in the boot shell; a shell floor having open bottom horizontal baffle means for retaining solid particles from the gas; said outlet means having an inwardly extending portion with an upper horizontal overhang protruding into the boot shell below the flared portion and inlet means; and an outlet grating mounted over the horizontal outlet transversely of gas flow below the outlet overhang portion and sloped outwardly and downwardly therefrom.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于从热气流中除去固体颗粒的脱落靴，其包括封闭的金属靴壳，所述封闭的金属靴壳具有适于从耐火材料衬里的气体导管接收热气体的上垂直入口装置，并且具有用于将热清洁气体传递到能量回收系统等; 所述靴壳具有与所述入口装置相邻的上部扩张部分，其具有向外和向下扩张的构型，从而在靴壳中基本上减少气体速度; 壳体底部具有用于保持来自气体的固体颗粒的开口底部水平挡板装置; 所述出口装置具有向内延伸的部分，其上部水平突出突出到所述引导壳中，所述引导壳在所述扩口部分和入口装置下方; 以及出口格栅，其安装在水平出口的横向上，并且在出口突出部分下方的气流横向地向外和向下倾斜。

45. 发明授权

US4411135A Drive unit, especially for motor vehicles 失效
标题翻译：驱动单元，特别适用于机动车辆
公开(公告)号：US4411135A
公开(公告)日：1983-10-25
申请号：US256618
申请日：1981-04-22
申请人： Helmut Striebich
发明人： Helmut Striebich
IPC分类号： F02C6/00 , F01D1/00 , F01N5/00 , F02C1/00 , F02C6/02 , F02G5/02 , F01K23/10 , F02C1/04
CPC分类号： F02C6/02 , F01N5/00 , F02C1/00 , F02C1/007 , Y02T10/16
摘要： A drive unit of the type that includes an internal combustion engine and a waste-heat turbine unit that has a compressor, a secondary turbine, and an exhaust-gas turbine with hollow blades, within which the kinetic and heat energy of the exhaust gases are utilized in a superimposed work process is improved by forming the blades as pipes of at least an approximately circular cross section increases the degree of efficiency by better utilization of the kinetic energy of the exhaust gases in the exhaust-gas turbine by increasing the difference between the entering and exiting speeds thereof. In accordance with preferred embodiments, the pipes forming the turbine blades can be arranged in one circular ring or in multiple concentric rings. Additionally, the profile of the outer circumference of the blade-forming pipes, in accordance with one embodiment, is shaped to increase the flow resistance thereof.
摘要翻译：一种包括内燃机和废热涡轮机单元的驱动单元，其具有压缩机，二次涡轮机和具有中空叶片的排气涡轮机，其中废气的动能和热能为通过将叶片形成为至少大致圆形横截面的管道来改善，通过更好地利用废气涡轮机中的废气的动能来增加效率的程度来提高叠加工作过程中的效率，进出速度。根据优选实施例，形成涡轮叶片的管道可以布置在一个圆形环或多个同心环中。此外，根据一个实施例，叶片形成管的外周的轮廓被成形为增加其流动阻力。

46. 发明授权

US4385498A Method for converting one form of energy into another form of energy 失效
标题翻译：将一种形式的能量转换成另一形式的能量的方法
公开(公告)号：US4385498A
公开(公告)日：1983-05-31
申请号：US154264
申请日：1980-05-29
申请人： Sherwood L. Fawcett , James N. Anno
发明人： Sherwood L. Fawcett , James N. Anno
IPC分类号： F01K7/00 , F01C1/063 , F01K25/06 , F02G1/04 , F03G7/00 , F02C1/04
CPC分类号： F02G1/04 , F01C1/063 , F02G2250/09
摘要： Method for converting one form of energy into another form of energy by isobarically heating a gas, adiabatically expanding the gas while converting the heat energy of the gas into the kinetic energy of a moving body, converting the kinetic energy of the moving body into another form of energy, and approximately isothermally compressing the gas to a higher pressure. Improved efficiency is achieved by virtue of the fact that this system employs approximately isothermal compression, which is preferably achieved by injecting liquid into an adiabatically-expanded gas, thereby effecting a thermodynamic cycle which more closely approximates the efficiency of a Carnot cycle.
摘要翻译：通过等温加热气体将一种形式的能量转换成另一形式的能量的方法，在将气体的热能转化为移动体的动能的同时绝热膨胀气体，将活动体的动能转换为另一形式的能量，并且近似等温地将气体压缩到更高的压力。由于该系统采用近似等温压缩的事实来提高效率，这优选通过将液体注入到绝热膨胀气体中来实现，从而实现更接近卡诺循环效率的热力循环。

47. 发明授权

US4189922A Converting solar energy into electric power 失效
标题翻译：将太阳能转化为电力
公开(公告)号：US4189922A
公开(公告)日：1980-02-26
申请号：US884400
申请日：1978-03-08
申请人： Oreste Bellofatto
发明人： Oreste Bellofatto
IPC分类号： F02C1/05 , F03G6/06 , F03G7/06 , F02C1/04 , F02C1/06
CPC分类号： F02C1/05 , F03G6/064 , Y02E10/46
摘要： A method for converting solar energy into electric power is disclosed, in which air, preheated and precompressed is additionally heated in a solar heater and sent to work in a turbine unit connected to an electric power generator.
摘要翻译：公开了一种将太阳能转换成电力的方法，其中预热和预压缩的空气在太阳能加热器中另外加热并被发送到与发电机连接的涡轮机组中工作。

48. 发明授权

US4182124A Gravity augmented air compression turbine power plant 失效
标题翻译：重力增压空气压缩涡轮发电厂
公开(公告)号：US4182124A
公开(公告)日：1980-01-08
申请号：US819967
申请日：1977-10-05
申请人： Robert A. Kraus , Edmund J. Kraus
发明人： Robert A. Kraus , Edmund J. Kraus
IPC分类号： F02C1/00 , F02C1/02 , F02C1/04
CPC分类号： F02C1/00
摘要： A power-producing device, comprising a vertically oriented chamber of enormous height, incorporating within its upper end an electric motor-driven, aftercooled air compressor, being connected via suitable power transmission, to an electric generator driving, reheated air turbine, located within the lower chamber end. Atmospheric air is compressed at a given rate of flow to a given pressure into the upper chamber end, which, due to the gravitational force exerted on its compressed mass, and due to the chamber height, is expanded within the turbine at the lower chamber end at an equal rate of flow, but, at a substantially higher pressure, and at a substantial gain in energy, thus, producing a substantially greater amount of work than is consumed by the compressor.
摘要翻译：一种发电装置，包括垂直定向的高度大小的腔室，其上端内装有电动机驱动的后冷空气压缩机，通过合适的动力传动连接到发电机驱动，再热空气涡轮机，其位于下腔结束。大气空气以给定的流量被压缩到给定的压力进入上室端，由于施加在其压缩质量块上的重力，并且由于腔室高度而在下腔室端部在涡轮机内膨胀以相等的流速，但是在显着更高的压力下，并且在能量上具有实质的增益，因此，产生比由压缩机消耗的大得多的作业量。

49. 发明授权

US4089176A Heat storage method and apparatus 失效
标题翻译：储热方法及装置
公开(公告)号：US4089176A
公开(公告)日：1978-05-16
申请号：US650822
申请日：1976-01-20
申请人： Thomas L. Ashe
发明人： Thomas L. Ashe
IPC分类号： F02C1/05 , H05B6/02 , F02C1/04
CPC分类号： H05B6/108 , F02C1/05 , Y10S165/902
摘要： Method and apparatus for operating power turbomachinery which includes an electromagnetic induction heated, graphite heat storage core adapted to heat compressed fluid for subsequent expansion across a fluid turbine to generate rotary mechanical power output.
摘要翻译：用于操作动力涡轮机械的方法和装置，其包括电磁感应加热的石墨储热芯，其适于加热压缩流体，以便随后在流体涡轮机上膨胀以产生旋转机械功率输出。

50. 发明授权

US4062190A Gas turbine engine 失效
标题翻译：燃气轮机
公开(公告)号：US4062190A
公开(公告)日：1977-12-13
申请号：US557838
申请日：1975-03-12
申请人： Lindsay Grahame Dawson
发明人： Lindsay Grahame Dawson
IPC分类号： F28D19/04 , F02C1/04 , F02C1/06 , F02C7/105 , F02G1/00 , F02G1/055 , F23R3/00 , F23R3/40 , F02C7/00
CPC分类号： F02C1/06 , F02G1/00 , F23R3/005 , F02G2258/10
摘要： A heat input device for a heat engine comprises a combustion device which is adapted to support surface burning of a fuel and oxidant mixture and a heat exchanger which is adapted to transfer the heat from the hot surface against which the surface burning takes place to the working fluid of the engine.
摘要翻译：一种用于热发动机的热输入装置包括适于支撑燃料和氧化剂混合物的表面燃烧的燃烧装置和适于将来自表面燃烧所发生的热表面的热量传递到工作的热交换器发动机的流体。

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