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41. 发明授权

US07326955B2 Stacked organic photosensitive devices 有权
标题翻译：堆叠有机光敏元件
公开(公告)号：US07326955B2
公开(公告)日：2008-02-05
申请号：US10911560
申请日：2004-08-05
申请人： Stephen Forrest , Jiangeng Xue , Soichi Uchida , Barry P. Rand
发明人： Stephen Forrest , Jiangeng Xue , Soichi Uchida , Barry P. Rand
IPC分类号： H01L27/142
CPC分类号： B82Y10/00 , H01L27/302 , H01L51/0046 , H01L51/0051 , H01L51/0053 , H01L51/0059 , H01L51/0078 , H01L51/4246 , H01L51/4253 , Y02E10/549
摘要： A device is provided having a first electrode, a second electrode, a first photoactive region having a characteristic absorption wavelength λ1 and a second photoactive region having a characteristic absorption wavelength λ2. The photoactive regions are disposed between the first and second electrodes, and further positioned on the same side of a reflective layer, such that the first photoactive region is closer to the reflective layer than the second photoactive region. The materials comprising the photoactive regions may be selected such that λ1 is at least about 10% different from λ2. The device may further comprise an exciton blocking layer disposed adjacent to and in direct contact with the organic acceptor material of each photoactive region, wherein the LUMO of each exciton blocking layer other than that closest to the cathode is not more than about 0.3 eV greater than the LUMO of the acceptor material.
摘要翻译：提供一种器件，其具有第一电极，第二电极，具有特征吸收波长λ1的第一光活性区域和具有特征吸收波长λ2的第二光活性区域，。光活性区域设置在第一和第二电极之间，并且进一步定位在反射层的相同侧上，使得第一光活性区域比第二光活性区域更靠近反射层。可以选择包含光活性区的材料，使得λ1至少与λ2不同10％。该装置还可以包括邻近并与每个光活性区域的有机受体材料直接接触的激子阻挡层，其中除最接近阴极之外的每个激子阻挡层的LUMO不大于约0.3eV，大于约0.3eV 受体材料的LUMO。

42. 发明申请

US20070215868A1 Organic Photovoltaic Cells Utilizing Ultrathin Sensitizing Layer 有权
标题翻译：有机光伏电池利用超薄敏化层
公开(公告)号：US20070215868A1
公开(公告)日：2007-09-20
申请号：US11566134
申请日：2006-12-01
申请人： Stephen Forrest , Fan Yang , Barry Rand
发明人： Stephen Forrest , Fan Yang , Barry Rand
IPC分类号： H01L29/08
CPC分类号： H01L51/4246 , B82Y10/00 , H01L27/302 , H01L51/0046 , H01L51/0071 , H01L51/0072 , H01L51/0078 , H01L51/4253 , Y02E10/549
摘要： A photosensitive device includes a plurality of organic photoconductive materials disposed in a stack between a first electrode and a second electrode, including a first continuous layer of donor host material, a second continuous layer of acceptor host material, and at least one other organic photoconductive material disposed as a plurality of discontinuous islands between the first continuous layer and the second continuous layer. Each of these other photoconductive materials has an absorption spectra different from the donor host material and the acceptor host material. Preferably, each of the discontinuous islands consists essentially of a crystallite of the respective organic photoconductive material, and more preferably, the crystallites are nanocrystals.
摘要翻译：感光装置包括多个有机光电导材料，其布置在第一电极和第二电极之间的堆叠中，包括施主主体材料的第一连续层，受主主体材料的第二连续层和至少一个其它有机光电导材料被布置为在所述第一连续层和所述第二连续层之间的多个不连续岛。这些其它光电导材料中的每一种具有与供体主体材料和受主主体材料不同的吸收光谱。优选地，每个不连续岛基本上由相应有机光电导材料的微晶组成，更优选地，微晶是纳米晶体。

43. 发明申请

US20070087449A1 High mobility high efficiency organic films based on pure organic materials 有权
标题翻译：基于纯有机材料的高迁移率高效有机薄膜
公开(公告)号：US20070087449A1
公开(公告)日：2007-04-19
申请号：US11529367
申请日：2006-09-29
申请人： Rhonda Salzman , Stephen Forrest
发明人： Rhonda Salzman , Stephen Forrest
IPC分类号： G01N1/34
CPC分类号： H01L51/0025 , H01L51/0053 , H01L51/0078 , H01L51/424 , H01L51/4246 , H01L51/4253 , Y02E10/549 , Y10T436/25
摘要： A method of purifying small molecule organic material, performed as a series of operations beginning with a first sample of the organic small molecule material. The first step is to purify the organic small molecule material by thermal gradient sublimation. The second step is to test the purity of at least one sample from the purified organic small molecule material by spectroscopy. The third step is to repeat the first through third steps on the purified small molecule material if the spectroscopic testing reveals any peaks exceeding a threshold percentage of a magnitude of a characteristic peak of a target organic small molecule. The steps are performed at least twice. The threshold percentage is at most 10%. Preferably the threshold percentage is 5% and more preferably 2%. The threshold percentage may be selected based on the spectra of past samples that achieved target performance characteristics in finished devices.
摘要翻译：纯化小分子有机材料的方法，作为从有机小分子材料的第一样品开始的一系列操作进行。第一步是通过热梯度升华纯化有机小分子材料。第二步是通过光谱法从纯化的有机小分子材料中测试至少一种样品的纯度。第三步是重复纯化的小分子材料上的第一至第三步骤，如果光谱测试显示超过目标有机小分子的特征峰值的阈值百分比的峰值。步骤至少进行两次。阈值百分比至多为10％。阈值百分比优选为5％，更优选为2％。可以基于在成品设备中实现目标性能特征的过去样品的光谱来选择阈值百分比。

44. 发明申请

US20070077017A1 Photonic integrated devices having reduced absorption loss 有权
标题翻译：具有降低吸收损耗的光子集成器件
公开(公告)号：US20070077017A1
公开(公告)日：2007-04-05
申请号：US11241003
申请日：2005-09-30
申请人： Vinod Menon , Milind Gokhale , Stephen Forrest , Yu Huang , Fengnian Xia
发明人： Vinod Menon , Milind Gokhale , Stephen Forrest , Yu Huang , Fengnian Xia
IPC分类号： G02B6/10 , G02B6/26 , H01S3/00 , H01S3/30 , G02B6/42
CPC分类号： H01S5/1082 , B82Y20/00 , G02B6/1228 , H01S5/065 , H01S5/1014 , H01S5/1032 , H01S5/162 , H01S5/3213 , H01S5/34306
摘要： An asymmetric twin waveguide (ATG) structure with quantum-well intermixing in the taper region of the active waveguide is disclosed. The structure comprises a first waveguide, a second waveguide, and a taper formed in the second waveguide. The taper has an intermixed area formed therein comprising a plurality of quantum wells intermixed with a plurality of barriers. The quantum wells and barriers may be intermixed using plasma-enhanced intermixing such as, for example, Argon plasma enhanced intermixing. Quantum-well intermixing reduces absorption loss normally encountered in the movement of light between waveguides.
摘要翻译：公开了在有源波导的锥形区域中具有量子阱混合的不对称双波导（ATG）结构。该结构包括第一波导，第二波导和形成在第二波导中的锥形。该锥形件具有形成在其中的混合区域，其包括与多个屏障混合的多个量子阱。量子阱和屏障可以使用等离子体增强混合（例如，氩等离子体增强混合）混合。量子阱混合减少了在波导之间光的移动中通常遇到的吸收损耗。

45. 发明申请

US20060279204A1 OLEDs utilizing direct injection to the triplet state 有权
标题翻译：利用直接注入三重态的OLED
公开(公告)号：US20060279204A1
公开(公告)日：2006-12-14
申请号：US11274091
申请日：2005-11-16
申请人： Stephen Forrest , Julia Brown , Mark Thompson
发明人： Stephen Forrest , Julia Brown , Mark Thompson
IPC分类号： H01L51/50
CPC分类号： H01L51/5004 , H01L51/5016 , H01L51/5056 , H01L51/5072 , H01L2251/552 , Y10T428/24942
摘要： The present invention relates to OLEDs utilizing direct injection to the triplet state. The present invention also relates to OLEDs utilizing resonant injection and/or stepped energy levels.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及利用直接注入三重态的OLED。本发明还涉及利用谐振注入和/或阶梯能级的OLED。

46. 发明申请

US20060257685A1 Organic light emitting devices having carrier transporting layers comprising metal complexes 有权
标题翻译：具有包含金属络合物的载流子传输层的有机发光器件
公开(公告)号：US20060257685A1
公开(公告)日：2006-11-16
申请号：US11408542
申请日：2006-04-20
申请人： Mark Thompson , Xiaofan Ren , Peter Djurovich , Haiping Hong , Stephen Forrest , Chihaya Adachi
发明人： Mark Thompson , Xiaofan Ren , Peter Djurovich , Haiping Hong , Stephen Forrest , Chihaya Adachi
IPC分类号： H01L51/54 , H05B33/12
CPC分类号： H01L51/5096 , C09K11/06 , C09K2211/1029 , C09K2211/1044 , C09K2211/185 , C09K2211/187 , C09K2211/188 , H01L51/002 , H01L51/0035 , H01L51/0037 , H01L51/0059 , H01L51/0062 , H01L51/007 , H01L51/0077 , H01L51/0079 , H01L51/008 , H01L51/0081 , H01L51/0083 , H01L51/0085 , H01L51/5016 , H01L51/5048 , H01L2251/552 , H05B33/14 , Y10S428/917 , Y10T428/24942
摘要： Light emitting devices having charge transporting layers comprising one or more metal complexes are provided. More particularly, devices include hole transporting layers comprising at least one organometallic complex are disclosed. The present devices can further comprise an electron blocking layer for improved efficiency.
摘要翻译：提供具有包含一种或多种金属络合物的电荷输送层的发光器件。更具体地，装置包括包含至少一种有机金属络合物的空穴传输层。本发明的器件还可以包括用于提高效率的电子阻挡层。

47. 发明申请

US20060134465A1 Organic light emitting devices having carrier blocking layers comprising metal complexes 有权
公开(公告)号：US20060134465A1
公开(公告)日：2006-06-22
申请号：US11353338
申请日：2006-02-13
申请人： Mark Thompson , Xiaofan Ren , Vadim Adamovich , Steven Cordero , Brian D'Andrade , Bert Alleyne , Stephen Forrest
发明人： Mark Thompson , Xiaofan Ren , Vadim Adamovich , Steven Cordero , Brian D'Andrade , Bert Alleyne , Stephen Forrest
IPC分类号： H01L51/54 , H05B33/12
CPC分类号： H01L51/5096 , H01L51/0034 , H01L51/0035 , H01L51/0037 , H01L51/005 , H01L51/0059 , H01L51/0062 , H01L51/007 , H01L51/0077 , H01L51/0079 , H01L51/0081 , H01L51/0082 , H01L51/0084 , H01L51/0085 , H01L51/5016 , H01L51/5048 , Y10S428/917 , Y10T428/24942
摘要： Light emitting devices having blocking layers comprising one or more metal complexes are provided. The blocking layers may serve to block electrons, holes, and/or excitons. Preferably, the devices further comprise a separate emissive layer in which charge and/or excitons are confined. Metal complexes suitable for blocking layers can be selected by comparison of HOMO and LUMO energy levels of materials comprising adjacent layers in devices of the present invention.

48. 发明申请

US20060029829A1 Organometallic complexes as phosphorescent emitters in organic LEDS 有权
标题翻译：有机LED作为磷光发光体的有机金属配合物
公开(公告)号：US20060029829A1
公开(公告)日：2006-02-09
申请号：US11233605
申请日：2005-09-22
申请人： Mark Thompson , Peter Djurovich , Sergey Lamansky , Drew Murphy , Raymond Kwong , Feras Abdel-Razzaq , Stephen Forrest , Marc Baldo , Paul Burrows
发明人： Mark Thompson , Peter Djurovich , Sergey Lamansky , Drew Murphy , Raymond Kwong , Feras Abdel-Razzaq , Stephen Forrest , Marc Baldo , Paul Burrows
IPC分类号： H05B33/14
CPC分类号： H01L51/0085 , C07D209/86 , C09K11/06 , C09K2211/1007 , C09K2211/1014 , C09K2211/1029 , C09K2211/1033 , C09K2211/1037 , C09K2211/1092 , C09K2211/185 , C09K2211/186 , H01L51/0042 , H01L51/0059 , H01L51/006 , H01L51/0062 , H01L51/0065 , H01L51/0067 , H01L51/0068 , H01L51/0071 , H01L51/0072 , H01L51/0077 , H01L51/0081 , H01L51/0087 , H01L51/0088 , H01L51/5016 , H01L51/5096 , H01L2251/308 , Y10S428/917
摘要： Organic light emitting devices are described wherein the emissive layer comprises a host material containing an emissive molecule, which molecule is adapted to luminesce when a voltage is applied across the heterostructure, and the emissive molecule is selected from the group of phosphorescent organometallic complexes, including cyclometallated platinum, iridium and osmium complexes. The organic light emitting devices optionally contain an exciton blocking layer. Furthermore, improved electroluminescent efficiency in organic light emitting devices is obtained with an emitter layer comprising organometallic complexes of transition metals of formula L2MX, wherein L and X are distinct bidentate ligands. Compounds of this formula can be synthesized more facilely than in previous approaches and synthetic options allow insertion of fluorescent molecules into a phosphorescent complex, ligands to fine tune the color of emission, and ligands to trap carriers.
摘要翻译：描述了有机发光器件，其中发射层包含含有发射分子的主体材料，该分子适于在跨异质结构施加电压时发光，并且发射分子选自磷光有机金属络合物，包括环金属化铂，铱和锇络合物。有机发光器件任选地包含激子阻挡层。此外，通过具有式L 2 MX的过渡金属的有机金属络合物的发射极层获得有机发光器件中的电致发光效率的提高，其中L和X是不同的二齿配位体。该配方的化合物可以比先前的方法更容易合成，并且合成选项允许将荧光分子插入磷光复合物，配体以微调发光的颜色，以及配体捕获载体。

49. 发明申请

US20050214452A1 Method and apparatus for depositing material with high resolution 审中-公开
标题翻译：高分辨率沉积材料的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20050214452A1
公开(公告)日：2005-09-29
申请号：US10810853
申请日：2004-03-29
申请人： Stephen Forrest , Max Shtein
发明人： Stephen Forrest , Max Shtein
IPC分类号： G01Q30/02 , G01Q60/18 , C09K7/00
CPC分类号： G02B6/262
摘要： A device is provided. The device includes a base, and a reservoir disposed in the base. The reservoir is defined by a cladding and the base, and has an opening with a largest dimension of about 200 nm or less, more preferably 100 nm or less, and most preferably 60 nm or less. A material may be disposed within the reservoir. The base may be attached to a position control apparatus that may control the position of the base with an accuracy on the order of nanometers. The position control apparatus may include an atomic force microsope and/or a near field scanning optical microscope. The base may also be coupled to an energy application apparatus that may apply energy to the material. The device may be used to deposit material onto a substrate with a very high resolution, on the order of a few molecules across. The device may also be used to remove material from a substrate with a very high resolution by transmitting energy through the base. A device used for such removal may or may not include a reservoir.
摘要翻译：提供了一种设备。该装置包括底座和设置在基座中的储存器。储存器由包层和基底限定，并且具有最大尺寸为约200nm或更小，更优选为100nm或更小，最优选为60nm或更小的开口。材料可以设置在储存器内。基座可以附接到位置控制装置，该位置控制装置可以以大约数量级的精度控制基座的位置。位置控制装置可以包括原子力微透镜和/或近场扫描光学显微镜。基座还可以耦合到能够施加能量到材料的能量施加装置。该器件可用于以非常高的分辨率将材料沉积到衬底上，几分子跨越数量级。该装置还可以用于通过将能量透过基底以非常高的分辨率从衬底去除材料。用于这种去除的装置可以包括或可以不包括储存器。

50. 发明申请

US20050195874A1 Organic polariton laser 有权
公开(公告)号：US20050195874A1
公开(公告)日：2005-09-08
申请号：US10877640
申请日：2004-06-25
申请人： Stephen Forrest , Russell Holmes
发明人： Stephen Forrest , Russell Holmes
IPC分类号： H01S3/14 , H01S3/16 , H01S3/30 , H01S5/04 , H01S5/183 , H01S5/36
CPC分类号： H01S3/168 , H01S3/0933 , H01S3/30 , H01S5/026 , H01S5/041 , H01S5/18305 , H01S5/18369 , H01S5/36
摘要： The present invention relates to organic lasers. More specifically, the present invention is directed to an organic laser that provides a self-stimulated source of coherent radiation originating from organic microcavity polaritons. The organic polariton laser of the present invention comprises a substrate, a resonant microcavity comprising an organic polariton emission layer; and an optical pump. In preferred embodiments the optical pump is a microcavity OLED allowing for the fabrication of a self-contained or integrated device.

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