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41. 发明授权

US4723827A Fiber optic switch and discretely variable delay line 失效
标题翻译：光纤开关和离散可变延迟线
公开(公告)号：US4723827A
公开(公告)日：1988-02-09
申请号：US628650
申请日：1984-06-19
申请人： Herbert J. Shaw , John E. Bowers
发明人： Herbert J. Shaw , John E. Bowers
IPC分类号： G02B6/00 , G02B6/28 , H04B10/02 , G02B6/26
CPC分类号： G02B6/2826 , G02B6/283 , G02B6/2861
摘要： A single mode optical fiber switch having a base (70) and a laterally slidable top (91). The base is composed of a quartz block (70) with a slight radius of curvature along its length supporting a silicon substrate (66) having a plurality of parallel v-grooves (68). The grooves are fitted with single mode optical fiber segments (64) and lapped to create a flat coupling surface (82) extending laterally across the base. The top (91) is composed of a quartz block with a single v-groove (93) holding a segment of single-mode fiber (95). This fiber (95) is lapped to create a flat coupling surface matable with the coupling surface on the base. The base (70) and top (91) are placed together such that the top fiber (95) may be selectively slid into and out of coupling alignment with any of the fibers (64) in the base (70) to form a discretely variable delay line. A single length of fiber (121) is wrapped around the base ( 70) in helical fashion with each loop being secured in one of the v-grooves (68). By coupling the top fiber (95) with different loops of the base fibers (121), different amounts of delay can be obtained. The delay line can be used to provide variable frequency response for notch and transversal filters.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / US82 / 01608 Sec。 371日期1984年6月19日 102（e）1984年6月19日PCT PCT卷号1982年11月12日PCT公布。公开号WO84 / 02005 日期：1984年5月24日。具有基座（70）和横向滑动顶部（91）的单模光纤开关。基座由石英块（70）组成，石英块（70）沿其长度具有微小的曲率半径，支撑具有多个平行V形槽（68）的硅衬底（66）。凹槽配有单模光纤段（64）并重叠，以形成横向延伸穿过底座的平坦的耦合表面（82）。顶部（91）由具有保持单模光纤（95）的单个v形槽（93）的石英块组成。该纤维（95）被研磨以产生可与基底上的联接表面配合的平坦的联接表面。基部（70）和顶部（91）被放置在一起，使得顶部纤维（95）可以选择性地滑入和离开与基部（70）中的任何纤维（64）的联接对准，以形成离散变量延迟线。单个长度的纤维（121）以螺旋方式围绕基部（70）缠绕，每个环被固定在一个V形槽（68）中。通过将顶部纤维（95）与基础纤维（121）的不同环耦合，可以获得不同的延迟量。延迟线可用于为陷波和横向滤波器提供可变频率响应。

42. 发明授权

US4652079A High speed pulse train generator 失效
标题翻译：高速脉冲发电机
公开(公告)号：US4652079A
公开(公告)日：1987-03-24
申请号：US527163
申请日：1983-08-26
申请人： Herbert J. Shaw , Steven A. Newton
发明人： Herbert J. Shaw , Steven A. Newton
IPC分类号： H04B10/00 , G02B6/26 , G02B6/28 , G02B6/287 , H01J3/04 , H03K3/86
CPC分类号： G02B6/264 , G02B6/2861 , H03K3/86 , Y10S359/90
摘要： There is disclosed a high speed pulse train generator for generating a train of pulses having arbitrarily close spacing. The apparatus consists of a generator loop comprised of a fiber optic waveguide looped through a directional coupler with the output fiber serving as the input fiber for a similarly structured multiplexer loop. The lengths of the two loops are adjusted such that the time difference in the propagation times of light around the respective loops is small compared to the time of propagation around either loop. The times are adjusted to obtain any arbitrary spacing of the pulses in the output pulse train which is comprised of interleaved pulse trains resulting from each pulse input to the multiplexer loop. Also disclosed is a single loop embodiment for bidirectional data rate transformation and methods of using all the embodiments.
摘要翻译：公开了一种高速脉冲串发生器，用于产生具有任意紧密间隔的脉冲串。该装置包括一个发生器回路，该发生器回路包括一个通过定向耦合器环绕的光纤波导，输出光纤用作类似结构的多路复用器回路的输入光纤。调整两个环路的长度，使得相对于各个环路周围的光的传播时间的时间差与围绕任一环路的传播时间相比较小。调整时间以获得输出脉冲串中的脉冲的任意间隔，其由输入到多路复用器环路的每个脉冲产生的交错脉冲串组成。还公开了用于双向数据速率变换的单回路实施例和使用所有实施例的方法。

43. 发明授权

US4564262A Fiber optic directional coupler 失效
公开(公告)号：US4564262A
公开(公告)日：1986-01-14
申请号：US522108
申请日：1983-08-11
申请人： Herbert J. Shaw
发明人： Herbert J. Shaw
IPC分类号： G02B6/28 , G02B6/35 , G02B7/26
CPC分类号： G02B6/3536 , G02B6/2826 , G02B6/283 , G02B6/3594 , Y10S359/90
摘要： Apparatus and method of manufacture for coupling optical power between two strands of fiber optic material in a given direction of propagation. The coupler employs generally parallel, intersecting strands of fiber optic material having the cladding removed on one side thereof to within a few microns of the fiber cores in the region of intersection to permit light transfer between the strands.

44. 发明授权

US4556279A Passive fiber optic multiplexer 失效
标题翻译：被动光纤复用器
公开(公告)号：US4556279A
公开(公告)日：1985-12-03
申请号：US319301
申请日：1981-11-09
申请人： Herbert J. Shaw , Michel J. F. Digonnet
发明人： Herbert J. Shaw , Michel J. F. Digonnet
IPC分类号： G02B6/24 , G02B6/28 , G02B6/34 , G02B27/10 , G02B7/26
CPC分类号： G02B6/29332 , G02B6/2826 , G02B6/283 , G02B6/2938 , G02B6/29395
摘要： A passive, frequency selective, fiber optic multiplexer, comprises a directional coupler in which a pair of single mode optical fibers are accurately positioned to provide evanescent field coupling, typically by polishing a portion of the cladding from each of said fibers to place the respective cores of said fibers within the evanescent field of light in the other fiber. The coupling efficiency of a coupler constructed in this manner is wavelength dependent, and provides over-coupling, that is, the capability of transferring light, virtually entirely, back and forth between the fibers within the coupler. The wavelength dependent nature of the evanescent field coupling permits multiplexing, specifically between a pair of wavelengths, one of which is coupled in its entirety from a first fiber to a second fiber, and the other of which is essentially uncoupled. By increasing the number of total transfers of the light signals between the pair of fibers, the frequency resolution of the multiplexer may be optimized for light signals of virtually any frequency separation.
摘要翻译：无源频率选择性光纤多路复用器包括定向耦合器，其中一对单模光纤被精确地定位以提供渐逝场耦合，通常通过从每个所述光纤抛光一部分包层以放置相应的芯的纤维在另一纤维中的消逝光场内。以这种方式构造的耦合器的耦合效率是波长相关的，并且提供过耦合，即在耦合器内的光纤之间实际上完全传输光的能力。消逝场耦合的波长依赖性允许多路复用，特别是在一对波长之间进行多路复用，其中一个波长的整体由第一光纤耦合到第二光纤，另一个基本上是耦合的。通过增加一对光纤之间的光信号的总传输次数，多路复用器的频率分辨率可以针对几乎任何频率间隔的光信号进行优化。

45. 发明授权

US4553238A Fiber optic amplifier 失效
标题翻译：光纤放大器
公开(公告)号：US4553238A
公开(公告)日：1985-11-12
申请号：US537493
申请日：1983-09-30
申请人： Herbert J. Shaw , Michel J. F. Digonnet , Robert A. Lacy
发明人： Herbert J. Shaw , Michel J. F. Digonnet , Robert A. Lacy
IPC分类号： G02B6/00 , G02B6/28 , G02B6/287 , G02F1/35 , H01S3/06 , H01S3/07 , H01S3/091 , H01S3/0915 , H01S3/094 , H01S3/30
CPC分类号： H01S3/094003 , H01S3/094011 , H01S3/094019 , H01S3/094069
摘要： A pair of small diameter optical fibers are arranged in a side-by-side configuration, the first fiber providing a passive guide for pump light, and the second fiber formed of a material, such as Nd:YAG which has amplifying properties at the signal frequency. The signal to be amplified propagates through the second fiber from the active material, resulting in amplification of the signal. The first fiber is pumped from one or both ends, utilizing a cone shaped rod which is optically coupled thereto. A large diameter beam of collimated pump light enters the cone shaped rod, where total internal reflections on the cone walls compress the beam to a small, fiber-size diameter for absorption by the active fiber. The light input to the cone-shaped rod is produced by plural, high power laser diodes, and is collimated by microlenses. By utilizing the cone-shaped rod to couple light from the high power diode lasers to the pump fiber, high pump power densities can be achieved, yielding increased amplification.
摘要翻译：一对小直径光纤配置成并排配置，第一光纤提供泵浦光的被动导向器，第二光纤由诸如Nd：YAG的材料形成，该材料在信号处具有放大特性频率。要被放大的信号通过第二光纤从活性材料传播，导致信号的放大。第一纤维从一端或两端泵送，利用光学耦合到其上的锥形杆。准直泵浦光的大直径光束进入锥形棒，锥形壁上的全部内部反射将光束压缩至较小的纤维尺寸直径，以被有源光纤吸收。输入到锥形杆的光由多个高功率激光二极管产生，并被微透镜准直。通过利用锥形杆将来自大功率二极管激光器的光耦合到泵浦光纤，可以实现高泵功率密度，产生增加的放大。

46. 发明授权

US4530603A Stabilized fiber optic sensor 失效
标题翻译：稳定光纤传感器
公开(公告)号：US4530603A
公开(公告)日：1985-07-23
申请号：US426887
申请日：1982-09-29
申请人： Herbert J. Shaw , Marvin Chodorow , Loren F. Stokes
发明人： Herbert J. Shaw , Marvin Chodorow , Loren F. Stokes
IPC分类号： G02B6/00 , G01H9/00 , G02B6/26 , G02B6/28 , G02B26/06 , G02F1/01 , G02F1/11 , G02F1/29 , H04R1/44 , G01B9/02
CPC分类号： G01H9/004 , G02B26/06 , G02F1/0134
摘要： A fiber optic sensor comprises a length of optical fiber, forming a loop, and a fiber optic directional coupler for optically closing the loop. The loop and coupler form a resonant cavity for light circulating therethrough. A PZT cylinder, about which the fiber loop is wrapped, is utilized to control the total round trip phase delay of the circulating light, and thus, control the intensity of the optical output signal. The phase delay is adjusted to a point where the optical output signal is at maximum sensitivity to changes in phase. When the fiber loop is exposed to, e.g., acoustic waves, the loop length changes correspondingly, thereby causing the phase delay, and thus, the optical output signal to vary. By detecting variations in output signal intensity, the frequency and intensity of the acoustic waves may be determined. The sensor also includes a feedback system for stabilizing the fiber loop against low frequency thermal drift.
摘要翻译：光纤传感器包括长度的光纤，形成环路，以及用于光学闭合环路的光纤定向耦合器。环路和耦合器形成用于从其中循环的光的谐振腔。纤维环绕其缠绕的PZT圆柱体用于控制循环光的总往返相位延迟，从而控制光输出信号的强度。相位延迟被调整到光输出信号对相位变化具有最大灵敏度的点。当光纤环路暴露于例如声波时，环路长度相应地改变，从而导致相位延迟，从而导致光输出信号变化。通过检测输出信号强度的变化，可以确定声波的频率和强度。该传感器还包括一个反馈系统，用于稳定光纤回路以抵抗低频热漂移。

47. 发明授权

US4323310A Fiber optic rotation sensing interferometer 失效
标题翻译：光纤旋转感测干涉仪
公开(公告)号：US4323310A
公开(公告)日：1982-04-06
申请号：US100320
申请日：1979-12-05
申请人： Herbert J. Shaw , Marvin Chodorow
发明人： Herbert J. Shaw , Marvin Chodorow
IPC分类号： G01C19/72 , G01P3/36 , G01B9/02
CPC分类号： G01C19/72
摘要： A fiber optic rotation sensing interferometer based on the Sagnac effect in which mechanical rotation introduces measurable shifts in the phase of optical signals transversing a closed path. The interferometer includes the closed optical path made up of a multi-turn fiber optic loop, a directional coupler or couplers, and an amplifier. A pulse of electromagnetic radiation is fed into the optical path by means of a pulsed electromagnetic source such as a laser and a beam splitter. The beam splitter splits the pulse into two pulses which undergo multiple circulations about the optical path in opposite directions. The directional couplers non-destructively sample the two pulses after each pass therethrough and send the pair of pulse samples to the beam splitter once each circulation. The beam splitter sends these pulse pair samples to a detector and signal processor once each circulation. The detector measures the instantaneous relative phase shift between the two pulse samples in each of the multiple pulse pairs and outputs phase information once each circulation. This phase information is converted by the signal processor into the angle of rotation or into rotation rate of the interferometer.
摘要翻译：基于Sagnac效应的光纤旋转感测干涉仪，其中机械旋转引起横向闭合路径的光信号的相位中的可测量偏移。干涉仪包括由多匝光纤环路，定向耦合器或耦合器以及放大器组成的封闭光路。通过脉冲电磁源（例如激光和分束器）将电磁辐射的脉冲馈送到光路中。分束器将脉冲分成两个脉冲，这两个脉冲在相反的方向上绕光路进行多次循环。定向耦合器在每次通过之后对两个脉冲进行非破坏性采样，每次循环发送一对脉冲样本到分束器。每次循环后，分束器将这些脉冲对采样发送到检测器和信号处理器。检测器测量每个多个脉冲对中的两个脉冲样本之间的瞬时相对相移，并在每次循环之后输出相位信息。该相位信息由信号处理器转换成旋转角度或干涉仪的旋转速率。

48. 发明授权

US5037181A Claddings for single crystal optical fibers and devices and methods and apparatus for making such claddings 失效
标题翻译：用于单晶光纤的夹层以及用于制造这种包层的装置和方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5037181A
公开(公告)日：1991-08-06
申请号：US186045
申请日：1988-04-25
申请人： Robert L. Byer , Cordova Amado , Michael Digonnet , Martin Fejer , Celestino Gaeta , Herbert J. Shaw , Shoichi Sudo
发明人： Robert L. Byer , Cordova Amado , Michael Digonnet , Martin Fejer , Celestino Gaeta , Herbert J. Shaw , Shoichi Sudo
IPC分类号： C03B37/023 , G02B6/02 , G02F1/035 , H01S3/067 , H01S3/092
CPC分类号： H01S3/092 , C03B37/023 , G02B6/02 , G02F1/0353 , H01S3/06708
摘要： Methods and apparatus are shown for cladding grown single crystal optical fibers. Neodymium YAG fibers are clad with a high index glass, either melted around the fiber in a trough or extruded over the fiber surface. Lithium niobate fibers are clad through an impregnation process. The lithium niobate fiber is first coated with magnesium oxide and then heated to a temperature and for a time sufficient for the magnesium oxide dopant material to diffuse into the fiber. The dopant lowers the intrinsic refractive indices of the fiber material around its circumference, creating a cladding region around the fiber core. Single crystal fibers clad by these methods and combined with suitable pumping means or with deposited electrodes provide low-loss single mode optical components useful for amplification, electro-optical effects and acousto-optical effects.
摘要翻译：示出了用于包覆生长的单晶光纤的方法和装置。钕YAG纤维用高折射率玻璃包覆，在槽中围绕纤维熔化或在纤维表面上挤出。铌酸锂纤维通过浸渍工艺包覆。铌酸锂纤维首先用氧化镁涂覆，然后加热到足以使氧化镁掺杂剂材料扩散到纤维中的温度和时间。掺杂剂降低纤维材料围绕其圆周的固有折射率，从而在纤维芯周围产生包层区域。通过这些方法包覆的单晶纤维与合适的泵送装置或沉积电极组合提供了用于放大，电光效应和声光效应的低损耗单模光学部件。

49. 发明授权

US4768851A Fiber optic modal coupler, interferometer and method of coupling spatial modes using same 失效
标题翻译：光纤模态耦合器，干涉仪和使用它们耦合空间模式的方法
公开(公告)号：US4768851A
公开(公告)日：1988-09-06
申请号：US884871
申请日：1986-07-09
申请人： Herbert J. Shaw , Robert C. Youngquist , Janet L. Brooks
发明人： Herbert J. Shaw , Robert C. Youngquist , Janet L. Brooks
IPC分类号： G02B6/28 , G02B6/34 , G02F1/01 , G02B6/26 , G01B9/02
CPC分类号： G02B6/29352 , G02B6/2726 , G02B6/2821 , G02F1/0134 , Y10S359/90
摘要： A modal coupler, for coupling between first and second order modes of an optical fiber, comprises a single continuous strand of optical fiber, and a device for applying stress to the optical fiber at spaced intervals along the fiber. The stress deforms the fiber and abruptly changes the fiber geometry at the beginning and end of each stressed region. The change in fiber geometry causes coupling of light from the fundamental mode to the second order mode. The coupler, under certain conditions, exhibits polarization dependence, and thus, it may be utilized as a fiber optic polarizer. In addition, the device couples coherently, and may be used in interferometric systems.
摘要翻译：用于在光纤的一阶和二阶模之间耦合的模式耦合器包括单个连续的光纤链，以及用于沿光纤以间隔间隔向光纤施加应力的装置。应力使纤维变形，并突然改变每个应力区域的开始和结束处的纤维几何形状。光纤几何形状的改变导致从基模到二阶模的耦合。在一定条件下，耦合器具有偏振相关性，因此可用作光纤偏振器。此外，该装置相干耦合，并可用于干涉系统。

50. 发明授权

US4735485A Acousto-optic frequency shifter using optical fiber and method of manufacturing same 失效
标题翻译：使用光纤的声光移频器及其制造方法
公开(公告)号：US4735485A
公开(公告)日：1988-04-05
申请号：US581176
申请日：1984-02-17
申请人： Herbert J. Shaw , Robert C. Youngquist , Gordon S. Kino , William P. Risk
发明人： Herbert J. Shaw , Robert C. Youngquist , Gordon S. Kino , William P. Risk
IPC分类号： G02B6/00 , G02B6/28 , G02F1/01 , G02F1/11 , G02F1/125 , G02F1/23 , G02F1/25 , G02F2/02 , G02B6/02 , B32B31/00
CPC分类号： G02F1/0134 , G02B6/2821
摘要： A fiber optic frequency shifter comprises an optical fiber having two propagation modes and an acoustic transducer for generating an acoustic wave. The transducer is positioned relative to the fiber to cause the wave fronts of the acoustic wave to acoustically contact the fiber at an angle of incidence which is less than 90.degree. greater than 0.degree.. Preferably, the wavelength of the acoustic wave is substantially equal to the beat length of the fiber times the sine of the angle of incidence.
摘要翻译：光纤移频器包括具有两个传播模式的光纤和用于产生声波的声换能器。传感器相对于光纤定位，使得声波的波前以小于90°的0°以上的入射角与光纤以声学接触。优选地，声波的波长基本上等于光纤的拍子长度乘以入射角的正弦。

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