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    • 42. 发明申请
    • VISCOUS CARBOHYDRATE COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
    • 粘土碳酸氢盐组合物及其生产方法
    • US20120279497A1
    • 2012-11-08
    • US13491485
    • 2012-06-07
    • Robert JansenAharon Eyal
    • Robert JansenAharon Eyal
    • C13K13/00
    • C13K13/007C13K1/02C13K13/002
    • A viscous fluid comprising 2% wt to 25% wt water, at least 75% wt carbohydrate (calculated by 100×[carbohydrate/(carbohydrate weight+water weight)]), between 0% wt and 25% wt of a second organic solvent and between 10% wt and 55% wt HCl (calculated by 100×[HCl weight/HCl weight+water weight]), which second organic solvent is characterized by at least one of: (a2) having a polarity related component of Hoy's cohesion parameter between 0 and 15 MPa1/2; (b2) having a Hydrogen bonding related component of Hoy's cohesion parameter between 0 and 20 MPa1/2; and (c2) having a solubility in water of less than 15% and forming a heterogeneous azeotrope with water, wherein the weight/weight ratio of said second organic solvent to water is in the range of between 50 and 0.02, and wherein the solubility of water in said organic solvent is less than 20%.
    • 包含2重量%至25重量%水,至少75重量%碳水化合物(由100克碳水化合物/(碳水化合物重量+水重量)计算))的粘性流体),0重量%至25重量%的第二有机溶剂 和10重量%至55重量%HCl(通过100×[HCl重量/ HCl重量+水重量]计算)计算),该第二有机溶剂的特征在于以下至少一个:(a2)具有Hoy的内聚力的极性相关成分 参数介于0和15 MPa1 / 2之间; (b2)具有0〜20MPa1 / 2的Hoy粘附参数的氢键相关成分; 和(c2)在水中的溶解度小于15%并与水形成非均相共沸物,其中所述第二有机溶剂与水的重量/重量比在50和0.02之间,其中溶解度 所述有机溶剂中的水不足20%。
    • 44. 发明授权
    • Sucrose inversion process
    • 蔗糖反转过程
    • US08092609B2
    • 2012-01-10
    • US12025153
    • 2008-02-04
    • Robert JansenJohn KerrAnthony Baiada
    • Robert JansenJohn KerrAnthony Baiada
    • C13K1/08
    • C13K3/00C13B20/14
    • We disclose a method of inverting sucrose, including (i) determining an initial solids concentration of an aqueous sucrose solution (solidsi), an initial bed volume (BVi) of a sucrose inversion resin system, a minimum target inversion percentage (invert %min), a maximum target inversion percentage (invert %max), a target maximum hydroxymethylfuran (HMF) concentration (HMFmax), a minimum target pH (pHmin), or a maximum target pH (pHmax); (ii) contacting the sucrose inversion resin system with the aqueous sucrose solution under conditions of aqueous solution flow rate in BVi/hr (ratep) and aqueous solution temperature in ° C. (temperaturep) to produce an inverted sucrose solution having an inversion percentage (invert %product), an HMF concentration (HMFproduct), and a pH (pHproduct); (iii) observing an instantaneous inversion percentage (invert %inst), an instantaneous HMF concentration (HMFinst), or an instantaneous pH (pHinst) of the inverted sucrose solution; and, if invert %inst invert %max, HMFinst>HMFmax, pHinst pHmax; (iv) changing at least one of the aqueous solution flow rate or the aqueous solution temperature such that invert %min≦invert %product≦invert %max, HMFproduct≦HMFmax, or pHmin≦pHproduct≦pHmax. We also disclose a computing apparatus capable of use in performing a method of inverting sucrose.
    • 我们公开了一种蔗糖翻转方法,包括(i)测定蔗糖反应树脂体系的初始固体浓度,蔗糖反转树脂体系的初始床体积(BVi),最小目标反转百分比(反转百分比) ,最大目标反转百分比(反转百分比最大值),目标最大羟甲基呋喃(HMF)浓度(HMFmax),最小目标pH(pHmin)或最大目标pH(pHmax)); (ii)在水溶液流速(BVi / hr(速率))和水溶液温度(℃)(℃)下的条件下,将蔗糖反转树脂体系与蔗糖溶液的蔗糖溶液接触,得到反转百分比的倒转蔗糖溶液 转化%产物),HMF浓度(HMF产物)和pH(pH值产物); (iii)观察反转蔗糖溶液的瞬时反转百分率(反转%inst),瞬时HMF浓度(HMFinst)或瞬时pH(pHinst); 并且,如果反转%inst invert%max,HMFinst> HMFmax,pHinst pHmax; (iv)改变水溶液流速或水溶液温度中的至少一个,使得反相%min和nlE反相%max,HMFproduct&NlE; HMFmax或pHmin& NlE; pH值& NlE; pHmax。 我们还公开了一种能够用于执行蔗糖翻转方法的计算装置。
    • 48. 发明申请
    • Process for Efficient Energy Recovery from Biomass
    • 从生物质能源回收利用的过程
    • US20090044737A1
    • 2009-02-19
    • US12173247
    • 2008-07-15
    • Raymond C. GangaGreg ImigBlake McBurneyRobert JansenJohn KerrSteven J. Reust
    • Raymond C. GangaGreg ImigBlake McBurneyRobert JansenJohn KerrSteven J. Reust
    • F23G5/08B01D53/56F23G5/46F23J15/02F23B99/00F23J15/06F23G5/24
    • F23G7/10F23G5/12F23G5/46F23G2202/106F23G2206/20F23G2900/00001F23G2900/7012F23J7/00
    • A method for extracting energy from biomass depleted of at least some carbohydrate, at least some oil, or both by a) introducing the biomass into a vertically elongated combustion chamber having i) at least one suspension burner at the top of the combustion chamber which is capable of projecting a flame down the axis of the combustion chamber, ii) a heat transfer apparatus having at least a portion of a heat collection surface located radially from the flame and below the burner, and iii) an exhaust opening located below the flame and below at least a portion of the heat collection surface; b) combusting the biomass to yield a mixture containing hot flue gas and molten ash above the exhaust opening; c) transferring heat from the hot flue gas to at least a portion of the heat collection surface substantially by radiation prior to any substantial contact of ash to a surface of the combustion chamber, to yield a mixture containing warm flue gas and non-molten ash and having a lower molten ash content than the mixture yielded by the combusting step; and d) cooling the warm flue gas with cold gas, to yield a mixture containing cool flue gas and non-molten ash and having a lower molten ash content than the mixture yielded by the transferring step.
    • 一种用于从生物量中提取能量的方法,所述方法是从至少一些碳水化合物,至少一些油或两者中消耗的能量,通过以下方法:a)将生物质引入垂直细长的燃烧室,所述燃烧室具有:i)在燃烧室顶部的至少一个悬浮燃烧器, 能够沿着燃烧室的轴线向下突出火焰,ii)传热装置,其具有位于燃烧器的径向位于燃烧器下方的集热表面的至少一部分,以及iii)位于火焰下方的排气口, 在集热表面的至少一部分下面; b)燃烧生物质以产生在排气口上方含有热烟道气和熔融灰渣的混合物; c)在灰分与燃烧室的任何实质接触之前,基本上通过辐射将热量从热烟道气传递到至少一部分集热表面,以产生含有热烟气和非熔融灰的混合物 并且具有比通过燃烧步骤产生的混合物更低的熔融灰分含量; 和d)用冷气体冷却暖烟道气,得到含有冷烟道气和非熔融灰分的混合物,其熔融灰分含量低于转移步骤产生的混合物。