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31. 发明授权

US5440669A Photorefractive systems and methods 失效
$Photorefractive systems and methods$
标题翻译：光折射系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US5440669A
公开(公告)日：1995-08-08
申请号：US908298
申请日：1992-07-02
申请人： George A. Rakuljic , Amnon Yariv
发明人： George A. Rakuljic , Amnon Yariv
IPC分类号： G02B5/18 , G02B5/20 , G02B5/32 , G02B6/02 , G02B6/34 , G03H1/02 , G03H1/04 , G03H1/26 , G03H1/28 , G06K9/76 , G11B7/0065 , G11C13/04 , H01S3/06 , H01S3/08 , H01S3/109 , H01S3/16 , G03H1/18
CPC分类号： H01S3/16 , G02B5/1857 , G02B5/203 , G02B5/32 , G02B6/12007 , G02B6/29308 , G02B6/2931 , G02B6/29311 , G02B6/4215 , G03H1/02 , G03H1/0248 , G03H1/28 , G06K9/76 , G11B7/0065 , G11C13/044 , H01S3/08009 , H01S3/109 , G02B6/2706 , G02B6/29314 , G02B6/29395 , G03H2001/026 , G03H2001/0268 , G03H2001/0415 , G03H2001/0439 , G03H2001/2231 , G03H2001/266
摘要： A new type of holographic recording in photorefractive crystals is disclosed, termed orthogonal data storage, in which counterpropagating, reflection mode holograms are wavelength multiplexed to form gratings lying along a common axis. It is shown that this configuration provides substantial improvements in data storage capacity in comparison to prior art systems and that higher coupling coefficients are achieved. In consequence, not only storage of data but a wide range of other devices including wavelength selective filters, lenses and optical correlation systems are disclosed. Further, methods of writing and processing metastable images are disclosed which substantially improve the strength of the gratings that are permanently developed in the medium. These methods include advantageous use of electrical potentials and photovoltaic properties, together with different interrelationships during processing.
摘要翻译：公开了一种新型的光折变晶体中的全息记录，称为正交数据存储，其中反向传播的反射模式全息图被波长多路复用以形成沿着公共轴的光栅。显示出与现有技术系统相比，该配置提供了数据存储容量的实质性改进，并且实现了更高的耦合系数。因此，不仅公开了数据的存储，而且公开了包括波长选择滤光器，透镜和光学相关系统在内的宽范围的其它器件。此外，公开了写入和处理亚稳态图像的方法，其基本上改善了在介质中永久显影的光栅的强度。这些方法包括在处理期间有利地使用电势和光伏特性以及不同的相互关系。

32. 发明授权

US5365354A Grin type diffuser based on volume holographic material 失效
标题翻译：基于体积全息材料的咧嘴型扩散器
公开(公告)号：US5365354A
公开(公告)日：1994-11-15
申请号：US848703
申请日：1992-03-09
申请人： Tomasz P. Jannson , David G. Pelka , Tin M. Aye
发明人： Tomasz P. Jannson , David G. Pelka , Tin M. Aye
IPC分类号： G02B5/32 , G03H1/02 , G03H1/18 , G02B5/02 , G02B27/48 , G03H1/32
CPC分类号： G02B5/0252 , G02B5/32
摘要： A diffuser based on a phase volume holographic medium is recorded non-holographically with speckle which define non-discontinuous and smoothly varying change in the refractive index of the medium. The diffuser scatters light traveling from an entrance surface to an exit surfaces and reflection from the diffuser is substantially limited to Fresnel reflection from the entrance and exit surfaces and light exiting the exit surface is substantially non-specular.
摘要翻译：基于相位体积全息介质的扩散器非全息地记录着斑点，其限定介质的折射率的非间断且平滑变化的变化。扩散器将从入射表面行进的光散射到出射表面，并且来自漫射器的反射基本上限于从入射和出射表面的菲涅尔反射，并且离开出射表面的光基本上是非镜面的。

33. 发明授权

US5278008A Diffraction efficiency control in holographic elements 失效
$Diffraction efficiency control in holographic elements$
标题翻译：全息元件的衍射效率控制
公开(公告)号：US5278008A
公开(公告)日：1994-01-11
申请号：US973194
申请日：1992-11-06
申请人： Gaylord E. Moss , Kevin Yu , John E. Wreede
发明人： Gaylord E. Moss , Kevin Yu , John E. Wreede
IPC分类号： G03H1/18 , G03H1/04
CPC分类号： G03H1/182 , G03H2001/184 , G03H2001/187 , G03H2260/10 , G03H2260/30
摘要： A method for precisely controlling the overall average diffraction efficiency of a hologram including the steps of (a) providing a hologram layer that includes a hologram formed pursuant to hologram forming exposure and development, (b) coating the hologram layer with a photoresist layer, (c) masking the photoresist layer with a mask having opaque and transparent areas wherein the proportion of the opaque areas relative to the transparent areas is selected pursuant to the desired diffraction efficiency, the opaque and transparent areas being sufficiently small so as to have little noticeable effect when the resulting hologram is played back, (d) exposing the photoresist layer to actinic illumination through the mask transparent areas, (e) developing the photoresist layer to remove the photoresist in the areas illuminated by the actinic illumination to uncover the areas of the recording material corresponding to the transparent areas of the mask, (f) etching the recording material to remove the areas thereof that were uncovered by etching of the photoresist, and (g) removing the remaining photoresist. The formation of the hologram can be at an effective exposure in the saturated region of the efficiency vs. exposure curve wherein changes in efficiency as a function of parameter variation are small.
摘要翻译：一种用于精确控制全息图的总体平均衍射效率的方法，包括以下步骤：（a）提供包括根据全息图形成曝光和显影形成的全息图的全息图层，（b）用光致抗蚀剂层涂覆全息图层（ c）用具有不透明和透明区域的掩模掩蔽光致抗蚀剂层，其中根据期望的衍射效率选择不透明区域相对于透明区域的比例，不透明区域和透明区域足够小以具有很小的显着效果当所得到的全息图被重放时，（d）通过掩模透明区域将光致抗蚀剂层曝光于光化照明，（e）显影光致抗蚀剂层以除去由光化照明所照射的区域中的光致抗蚀剂，以露出记录区域对应于掩模的透明区域的材料，（f）蚀刻记录材料移动通过蚀刻光致抗蚀剂而未被覆盖的区域，和（g）去除剩余的光致抗蚀剂。在效率与曝光曲线的饱和区域中，全息图的形成可以是有效的曝光，其中作为参数变化的函数的效率变化小。

34. 发明授权

US5272550A Hologram system 失效
标题翻译：全息图系统
公开(公告)号：US5272550A
公开(公告)日：1993-12-21
申请号：US939563
申请日：1992-09-02
申请人： LeRoy D. Dickson , Francis S. Luecke
发明人： LeRoy D. Dickson , Francis S. Luecke
IPC分类号： G02B5/30 , G02B5/32 , G02B27/10 , G11B7/135 , G11B11/105 , G03H1/18 , G03H1/26
CPC分类号： G11B7/1365 , G02B27/1086 , G02B27/144 , G02B5/3025 , G02B5/32 , G11B11/10532 , G11B11/10543 , G11B7/1353
摘要： A first volume hologram diffracts a portion of the beam of light as a first beam and transmits the remaining portion of the beam of light as a second beam. A second volume hologram diffracts either the first or the second beam to a desired angle and transmits the remaining beam undiffracted. Desired beam separations at desired angles may thereby be achieved for use in optical data storage systems.
摘要翻译：第一体积全息图将光束的一部分衍射为第一光束，并将光束的剩余部分作为第二光束传播。第二体积全息图将第一或第二光束衍射到期望的角度，并且透射剩余的光束而不是衍射的。因此可以实现在期望角度下期望的光束分离用于光学数据存储系统。

35. 发明授权

US5267753A Holographic bank draft 失效
标题翻译：全息银行汇票
公开(公告)号：US5267753A
公开(公告)日：1993-12-07
申请号：US856755
申请日：1992-03-24
申请人： Ernest Chock
发明人： Ernest Chock
IPC分类号： B42D15/00 , B42D15/10 , G03H1/18 , G07D7/00 , G07D7/12
CPC分类号： G07D7/0013 , B42D25/29 , B42D25/328 , G03H1/18 , G07D7/00 , G03H1/0011 , G03H1/0244 , G03H2001/184 , G03H2001/187 , G03H2210/54 , G03H2250/12
摘要： A bank draft form may incorporate a hologram as an anti-counterfeit measure. The hologram may extend over a substantial portion of the bank draft form, including the signature entry area and other data entry areas of the form, e.g. the date, payee, and amount areas. The hologram includes an outer layer of a transparent layer of ink compatible material over such areas. The transparent layer of ink compatible material allows the drawer to affix his or her signature within the signature entry area and to enter the various terms of the draft, e.g. the date, amount, payee etc. Writing upon the ink compatible surface of the hologram partially occults the hologram underneath such writing and may cause the embossed surface of the hologram to become etched. The partial effacing of the hologram increases the difficulty of its duplication by a counterfeiter. If the hologram extends over portions of the bank draft form other than the signature entry area and the data entry areas, selected portions of the hologram outside such areas may have a transparent layer of ink incompatible material. A transparent layer of ink incompatible material may serve to protect such areas of the hologram from finger prints, accidental marking, etching, and the like. Optionally, after the holographic bank draft form is completed and executed, the holographic portion may then be covered with a protective laminate so as to prevent its alteration.
摘要翻译：银行汇票可以将全息图作为防伪措施。全息图可以在银行汇票形式的大部分上延伸，包括签名输入区域和其他形式的数据输入区域，例如。日期，收款人和金额领域。全息图包括在这些区域上的油墨相容材料的透明层的外层。油墨兼容材料的透明层允许抽屉将签名的签名附加在签名进入区域内并输入草稿的各种术语，例如。日期，数量，收款人等。在全息图的墨水兼容表面上的写入部分地掩盖了这种书写下的全息图，并且可能导致全息图的压花表面被蚀刻。全息图的部分消除增加了伪造者的复制难度。如果全息图延伸超过签名输入区域和数据输入区域之外的银行汇票形式的部分，则在这些区域之外的全息图的选定部分可以具有透明的墨水不兼容材料层。油墨不相容材料的透明层可用于保护全息图的这些区域免受指纹，意外标记，蚀刻等。可选地，在完成并执行全息银行通稿之后，然后可以用保护层压板覆盖全息部分，以防止其改变。

36. 发明授权

US5231440A Method of and apparatus for forming volume type phase hologram 失效
标题翻译：用于形成体积型相位全息图的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5231440A
公开(公告)日：1993-07-27
申请号：US906354
申请日：1992-06-30
申请人： Yasuo Yamagishi , Takeshi Ishitsuka , Motoaki Tani , Youko Kuramitsu
发明人： Yasuo Yamagishi , Takeshi Ishitsuka , Motoaki Tani , Youko Kuramitsu
IPC分类号： G03F7/00 , G03H1/18
CPC分类号： G03H1/18 , G03F7/001 , G03H1/0248 , G03H2001/186 , G03H2260/12
摘要： A method of and apparatus for forming a volume type phase hologram comprising the steps of, after exposure of a holographic material comprising a polymeric matrix having a radiation active substance associated therewith to an interference pattern of radiation, dipping the pattern-wise exposed holographic material in a swelling solution consisting of a first solvent which can act as a good solvent for the polymer of the matrix and a second solvent which can act as a poor solvent for the polymer and has a higher boiling point than that of the first solvent, and then pulling the swollen holographic material up from the swelling solution, whereby uniformly developed holograms having a large size and high qualities can be easily produced by a simple production process.
摘要翻译：一种用于形成体积型相位全息图的方法和装置，包括以下步骤：在将包含与其相关联的辐射活性物质的聚合物基质的全息材料曝光于辐射的干涉图案之后，将图案方式曝光的全息材料浸入由可以作为基质聚合物的良溶剂的第一溶剂和可以作为聚合物不良溶剂并且沸点高于第一溶剂的第二溶剂组成的溶胀溶液，然后从溶胀溶液中拉出膨胀的全息材料，由此可以通过简单的制造工艺容易地制造具有大尺寸和高质量的均匀显影的全息图。

37. 发明授权

US5154994A Method of and apparatus for forming volume type phase hologram 失效
标题翻译：用于形成体积类型HOLOGRAM的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5154994A
公开(公告)日：1992-10-13
申请号：US416943
申请日：1989-10-04
申请人： Yasuo Yamagishi , Takeshi Ishitsuka , Motoaki Tani , Youko Kuramitsu
发明人： Yasuo Yamagishi , Takeshi Ishitsuka , Motoaki Tani , Youko Kuramitsu
IPC分类号： G03H1/02 , G03F7/00 , G03H1/18
CPC分类号： G03H1/18 , G03F7/001 , G03H1/182 , G03H2001/186
摘要： A method of and apparatus for forming a volume type phase hologram comprising the steps of, after exposure of a holographic material comprising a polymeric matrix having a radiation active substance associated therewith to an interference pattern of radiation, dipping the pattern-wise exposed holographic material in a swelling solution consisting of a first solvent which can act as a good solvent for the polymer of the matrix and a second solvent which can act as a poor solvent for the polymer and has a higher boiling point than that of the first solvent, and then pulling the swollen holographic material up from the swelling solution, whereby uniformly developed holograms having a large size and high qualities can be easily produced by a simple production process.

38. 发明授权

US5071597A Plastic molding of articles including a hologram or other microstructure 失效
标题翻译：包括霍尔格兰或其他微结构的文章的塑性成型
公开(公告)号：US5071597A
公开(公告)日：1991-12-10
申请号：US413307
申请日：1989-09-27
申请人： Salvatore F. D'Amato , Donald W. Mallik
发明人： Salvatore F. D'Amato , Donald W. Mallik
IPC分类号： B32B15/08 , B29C33/38 , B29C33/42 , B29C45/14 , B29L9/00 , B29L31/58 , B32B3/30 , B32B7/02 , G03H1/18
CPC分类号： B29D11/00769 , B29C33/3857 , B29C33/424 , B29L2031/7224 , G03H1/0244 , G03H2001/0055 , G03H2001/0284 , G03H2001/043 , G03H2260/14
摘要： A technique for forming a mold to replicate large numbers of plastic articles, such as by injection or blow molding, wherein the mold contains a hologram or other microstructure for transfer to an outside surface of the molded article. The mold is made by electrodepositing a metal on a model of the article to be molded. Before this deposition, the hologram or other microstructure is formed on a surface area of the model by any one of several techniques. The result is a unitary mold piece in the shape of the article and having the hologram or other microstructure integrally formed on its inside surface.

39. 发明授权

US4986619A Holographic color control systems 失效
标题翻译：全息色彩控制系统
公开(公告)号：US4986619A
公开(公告)日：1991-01-22
申请号：US429203
申请日：1989-10-30
申请人： Julie L. Walker , Stephen A. Benton
发明人： Julie L. Walker , Stephen A. Benton
IPC分类号： G03H1/18 , G03H1/26
CPC分类号： G03H1/2249 , G03H1/18 , G03H1/26 , G03H2001/0415 , G03H2001/0432 , G03H2001/186 , G03H2001/2263 , G03H2001/2289
摘要： Holographic color control systems are disclosed for the production of pseudocolor holograms by in-situ sequential swelling of an emulsion and exposure to three color separation images with a single wavelength reference light source. The resulting holograms yield images in three color primaries with excellent color registration and mixing, producing a full gamut of mixed colors, pastels and neutrals with three-dimensional perspective.
摘要翻译：全息色彩控制系统被公开用于通过乳状液的原位连续溶胀和用单个波长参考光源暴露于三个颜色分离图像来生产伪彩色全息图。所得到的全息图产生具有优异的颜色配准和混合的三色原色的图像，产生全色域的混合颜色，具有三维视角的柔和中性物质。

40. 发明授权

US4984824A Document with an optical diffraction safety element 失效
$Document with an optical diffraction safety element$
标题翻译：使用光学衍射安全元件进行文件化
公开(公告)号：US4984824A
公开(公告)日：1991-01-15
申请号：US311596
申请日：1989-02-15
申请人： Gregor Antes , Christian Saxer
发明人： Gregor Antes , Christian Saxer
IPC分类号： B42D25/00 , B42D25/41 , B42D25/425 , D21H21/48 , G02B5/18 , G03H1/18 , G06K19/06 , G06K19/10
CPC分类号： B42D25/324 , B42D25/00 , B42D25/41 , B42D25/425 , D21H21/48 , G03H1/0011 , G03H1/0276 , G03H1/0476 , B42D2035/44 , B42D25/328 , G03H1/028 , G03H2001/0016 , G03H2001/0284 , G03H2001/0288 , G03H2001/0296 , G03H2001/0497 , G03H2001/187 , G03H2210/55 , G03H2224/06 , G03H2230/10 , Y10S283/904
摘要： A document with an embossed macroscopic structure and acting through optical diffraction is disclosed. The structure, which serves as a security element comprises a plurality of surface portions with predetermined relief structures having spatial frequencies of over 10 lines/mm. Each surface portion is different from directly adjoining surface portions and at least some of the surface portions have a maximum dimension of less than 0.3 mm. To the naked eye, the pattern of surface portions on the document appears as a mesh of dots and lines. However, to an examiner with a magnifying device, the dots and lines appear as numbers, characters or other graphic features.
摘要翻译：公开了具有压花宏观结构并通过光学衍射作用的文件。用作安全元件的结构包括具有预定浮雕结构的多个表面部分，其具有超过10线/ mm的空间频率。每个表面部分不同于直接邻接的表面部分，并且至少一些表面部分具有小于0.3mm的最大尺寸。对于肉眼，文档上的表面部分的图案显示为点和线的网格。然而，对于具有放大装置的检查者，点和线显示为数字，字符或其他图形特征。

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