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31. 发明授权

US5246729A Method of coating superconductors with inorganic insulation 失效
标题翻译：用无机绝缘涂层超导体的方法
公开(公告)号：US5246729A
公开(公告)日：1993-09-21
申请号：US171502
申请日：1988-03-10
申请人： Tapan K. Gupta , George J. Bich , William N. Lawless
发明人： Tapan K. Gupta , George J. Bich , William N. Lawless
IPC分类号： C03C14/00 , H01B3/08 , H01B3/12 , H01L39/24
CPC分类号： H01B3/12 , C03C14/004 , H01B3/081 , H01B3/087 , H01L39/2409 , C03C2214/04 , C03C2214/30
摘要： The composite insulation coating consists of a mixture of glass and ceramic oxide(s), coated onto a wire by conventional wire enameling techniques followed by heat treatment at 600.degree.-850.degree. C. The enamel when initially applied, the "green" coat slurry, consists of four components: (1) the glass, (2) an inorganic filler (ceramic oxide powder, (3) an organic binder and (4) an organic solvent. The glasses can be selected from several commercial glasses (Corning 7570 and 7050) as well as Westinghouse glasses A-508, M 3072 and M 3073. None of these glasses contain lead or boron, allowing for nuclear applications. Suitable ceramic fillers are alumina, and the CeramPhysics, Inc. ceramics SC1C and SC1A. Organic binder materials and solvents are used. It is preferable that a copper wire to be coated with Ni, Inconel or Cr prior to coating with the subject insulation. For superconductors, the brittle nature of Nb.sub.3 Sn wire and the high reaction temperature (.about.700.degree. C.) required to form it preclude the use of standard organic insulation systems. The inorganic insulation with SC1C and SC1A ceramics, characterized by unusually high specific heats and thermal conductivities at cryogenic temperatures, offers the opportunity of providing increased enthalpy stabilization in a superconducting winding. The glass and ceramic is chosen so that the vitrification temperature of the composite coincides with the reaction temperature of 600.degree.-800 .degree. C. The most successful glasses meeting this criterion are A-508 and M3072.
摘要翻译：复合绝缘涂层由玻璃和陶瓷氧化物的混合物组成，通过常规的丝线搪瓷技术涂覆在电线上，然后在600-850℃下进行热处理。最初施加的釉质，“绿色”涂层浆料，由四个组成部分组成：（1）玻璃，（2）无机填料（陶瓷氧化物粉末，（3）有机粘合剂和（4）有机溶剂，玻璃可以选自几种商业玻璃（Corning 7570和 7050）以及西屋眼镜A-508，M 3072和M 3073.这些玻璃都不含铅或硼，允许进行核应用。合适的陶瓷填料是氧化铝，CeramPhysics，Inc.陶瓷SC1C和SC1A。有机粘合剂使用材料和溶剂，优选在被涂物之前用Ni，Inconel或Cr涂层的铜线，对于超导体，Nb3Sn线的脆性和高反应温度（DIFFERENCE 700℃））被要求形成它排除使用标准有机保温系统。具有SC1C和SC1A陶瓷的无机绝缘，其特征在于在低温下具有非常高的比热和热导率，提供了在超导绕组中提供增加的焓稳定性的机会。选择玻璃和陶瓷，使得复合材料的玻璃化温度与600℃-800℃的反应温度一致。符合该标准的最成功的玻璃是A-508和M3072。

32. 发明授权

US5226959A Gallium-containing glassy low dielectric ceramic compositions 失效
标题翻译：含镓玻璃状低介电陶瓷组合物
公开(公告)号：US5226959A
公开(公告)日：1993-07-13
申请号：US851959
申请日：1992-03-16
申请人： Jau-Ho Jean , Tapan K. Gupta
发明人： Jau-Ho Jean , Tapan K. Gupta
IPC分类号： C03C8/14 , C03C8/22 , H01B3/12 , H05K1/03
CPC分类号： H01B3/12 , C03C8/14 , C03C8/22 , H05K1/0306
摘要： A ceramic composition for forming a ceramic dielectric body having a dielectric constant of less than about 5.5 and a TCE of less than about 4.5 ppm/.degree. C. The composition comprises a mixture of finely divided particles of 25-50 vol. % borosilicate glass 40-75 vol. % silica glass and 1-40 wt. % of a material selected from the group consisting of Ga.sub.2 O.sub.3, Ga.sub.2 SiO.sub.5, Ga.sub.2 TiO.sub.5, GaAs, GaPO.sub.4 and any gallium-contained compounds to inhibit the formation of crystalline forms of silica. The composition can be used with a polymeric binder to produce an unfired green tape which is co-fireable with high conductivity metallurgies such as gold, silver and silver/palladium.
摘要翻译：一种用于形成介电常数小于约5.5且TCE小于约4.5ppm /℃的陶瓷电介质体的陶瓷组合物。该组合物包含25-50体积％的细碎颗粒的混合物。％硼硅酸盐玻璃40-75体积％％石英玻璃和1-40重量％％的选自Ga 2 O 3，Ga 2 SiO 5，Ga 2 TiO 5，GaAs，GaPO 4的材料和任何含镓化合物，以抑制二氧化硅结晶形式的形成。该组合物可以与聚合物粘合剂一起使用以产生与高电导率冶金如金，银和银/钯共烧的未烧绿带。

33. 发明授权

US5177034A Gallium crystal growth inhibitor for glassy low dielectric inorganic composition 失效
标题翻译：玻璃低介电无机组合物的镓晶体生长抑制剂
公开(公告)号：US5177034A
公开(公告)日：1993-01-05
申请号：US787364
申请日：1991-11-04
申请人： Jau-Ho Jean , Tapan K. Gupta
发明人： Jau-Ho Jean , Tapan K. Gupta
IPC分类号： C03C8/14 , C03C14/00
CPC分类号： C03C14/004 , C03C8/14 , C03C2214/04
摘要： A ceramic composition for forming a ceramic dielectric body having a dielectric constant of less than about 4.5 and a TCE of less than about 4.0 ppm/c. The composition comprises a mixture of 20-50 wt. % borosilicate glass 40-75 wt. % of a glass selected from the group consisting of glass containing 95-98 wt. % silica, titanium silicate glass and combinations thereof and sufficient amounts of gallium to inhibit the formation of crystalline forms of silica. The composition can be combined with a polymeric binder to produce an unfired green tape which is co-fireable with high conductivity metallurgies such as gold, silver and silver/palladium.
摘要翻译：一种用于形成介电常数小于约4.5且TCE小于约4.0ppm / c的陶瓷电介质体的陶瓷组合物。该组合物包含20-50wt。％硼硅酸盐玻璃40-75wt。选自由95-98wt。％的玻璃组成的组的玻璃的％％二氧化硅，硅酸钛玻璃及其组合以及足量的镓以抑制二氧化硅结晶形式的形成。组合物可以与聚合物粘合剂组合以产生与高电导率冶金如金，银和银/钯共烧的未烧绿带。

34. 发明授权

US4474718A Method of fabricating non-linear voltage limiting device 失效
标题翻译：制造非线性电压限制装置的方法
公开(公告)号：US4474718A
公开(公告)日：1984-10-02
申请号：US287371
申请日：1981-07-27
申请人： Douglas M. Mattox , Tapan K. Gupta , William G. Carlson , Shih M. Ho
发明人： Douglas M. Mattox , Tapan K. Gupta , William G. Carlson , Shih M. Ho
IPC分类号： H01C7/102 , H01C7/112 , H01B1/08
CPC分类号： H01C7/112 , H01C7/102
摘要： A non-linear voltage limiting device displaying a particular stability characteristic and designed to eliminate flashover failure across its circumferential edge is disclosed herein along with a specific method of fabrication. The voltage limiting device is characterized by a rising resistive current with time at predetermined temperature and voltage levels and includes a disc-shaped wafer composed primarily of zinc oxide. In accordance with the method disclosed herein, after this wafer is formed and sintered in accordance with prescribed temperature and time requirements, its circumferential edge is provided with an anti-flashover coating which requires curing. Thereafter, the coated wafer is annealed in a way which cures the coating and, at the same time, reduces and preferably minimizes the resistive current rise characteristic referred to above.
摘要翻译：本文公开了一种非线性电压限制装置，其显示特定的稳定特性并被设计成消除其周缘上的闪络故障，同时还涉及具体的制造方法。电压限制装置的特征在于在预定温度和电压电平下随时间增加的电阻电流，并且包括主要由氧化锌组成的盘状晶片。根据本文公开的方法，在根据规定的温度和时间要求形成并烧结该晶片之后，其圆周边缘设置有需要固化的抗闪络涂层。此后，涂覆的晶片以固化涂层的方式进行退火，并同时降低并优选地使上述电阻电流上升特性最小化。

35. 发明授权

US4460497A Voltage stable nonlinear resistor containing minor amounts of aluminum and selected alkali metal additives 失效
标题翻译：含有少量铝和选择的碱金属添加剂的电压稳定的非线性电阻
公开(公告)号：US4460497A
公开(公告)日：1984-07-17
申请号：US468009
申请日：1983-02-18
申请人： Tapan K. Gupta , William G. Carlson , Andrew S. Sweetana
发明人： Tapan K. Gupta , William G. Carlson , Andrew S. Sweetana
IPC分类号： H01C7/112 , H01C7/12 , H01B1/06
CPC分类号： H01C7/112 , H01C7/12
摘要： A sintered nonlinear resistor body, useful in gapless lightning arresters comprises a major amount of ZnO and additional metal oxides including at least Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and an amount of selected alkali metal oxide of from about 0.003 mole % to about 0.2 mole %.
摘要翻译：一种用于无间隙避雷器的烧结非线性电阻体包括主要量的ZnO和至少包含Al 2 O 3的额外的金属氧化物和约0.003摩尔％至约0.2摩尔％的所选择的碱金属氧化物的量。

36. 发明授权

US4452729A Voltage stable nonlinear resistor containing minor amounts of aluminum and boron 失效
标题翻译：含有少量铝和硼的电压稳定的非线性电阻
公开(公告)号：US4452729A
公开(公告)日：1984-06-05
申请号：US439016
申请日：1982-11-03
申请人： William G. Carlson , Tapan K. Gupta , Andrew S. Sweetana, Jr.
发明人： William G. Carlson , Tapan K. Gupta , Andrew S. Sweetana, Jr.
IPC分类号： H01C7/112 , A01B1/06
CPC分类号： H01C7/112
摘要： A sintered nonlinear resistor body, useful in gapless lightning arresters comprises a major amount of ZnO and additional metal oxides including at least Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and an amount of boron oxide of from about 0.005 mole % to about 0.25 mole %.
摘要翻译：一种用于无缝隙避雷器的烧结非线性电阻体包括主要量的ZnO和至少包括Al 2 O 3的氧化物和氧化硼量为约0.005摩尔％至约0.25摩尔％的另外的金属氧化物。

37. 发明授权

US4297250A Method of producing homogeneous ZnO non-linear powder compositions 失效
标题翻译：均匀ZnO非线性粉末组合物的制备方法
公开(公告)号：US4297250A
公开(公告)日：1981-10-27
申请号：US110278
申请日：1980-01-07
申请人： Tapan K. Gupta , Herbert E. Pietsch
发明人： Tapan K. Gupta , Herbert E. Pietsch
IPC分类号： H01C7/112 , H01B1/08
CPC分类号： H01C7/112
摘要： A method of making a ZnO powder composition, which can exhibit non-linear V-I characteristics, comprises the steps of: (1) mixing about 75 mole % to about 98 mole % of small, finely divided, solid ZnO and about 2 mole % to about 25 mole % of at least one small, finely divided, solid additive oxide effective to produce nonlinear characteristics, with an aqueous binder solution comprising an organic, water soluble fugitive binder, to provide a slurry; (2) simultaneously drying, mixing and agglomerating the slurried solids into a mass of larger substantially spherical particles containing the finely divided solids and binder; (3) pressing a mass of the agglomerated particles, to provide a cohesive pressed green body; and then (4) heating the pressed body, first at a temperature rate increase effective to slowly decompose and remove the fugitive binder from the body and then heating at a temperature of between 1,050.degree. C. to about 1,400.degree. C. for a time effective to sinter together the particles of the body, forming ZnO grains; (5) crushing the sintered body to provide finely divided powder particle fragments; (6) passing the particle fragments through a means to measure particle size in a manner effective to provide at least two attached ZnO grain fragments per particle, to provide a non-linear ZnO powder; and optionally, (7) heating the non-linear ZnO particles at a temperature of between 500.degree. C. and 1,050.degree. C. and breaking up any agglomerates, to provide a finely divided powder which will exhibit non-linear V-I characteristics.
摘要翻译：制备可显示非线性VI特性的ZnO粉末组合物的方法包括以下步骤：（1）将约75摩尔％至约98摩尔％的小的细分散固体ZnO和约2摩尔％混合至约25摩尔％的有效产生非线性特性的至少一种小的，细分的固体添加剂氧化物，其中包含有机水溶性短效粘合剂的粘合剂水溶液提供浆料; （2）将所述浆状固体同时干燥，混合和附聚到包含细碎固体和粘合剂的较大的基本上为球形的颗粒中; （3）挤压团聚的颗粒，提供粘结的压制生坯; 然后（4）加热压制体，首先以增加温度的速度进行加热，从而缓慢分解和除去挥发性粘合剂，然后在1050℃至约1400℃的温度下加热，达到有效时间烧结身体的颗粒，形成ZnO颗粒; （5）粉碎烧结体以提供细碎的粉末颗粒碎片; （6）使颗粒碎片通过以有效提供至少两个附着的ZnO颗粒/颗粒的方式测量颗粒尺寸的方法，以提供非线性ZnO粉末; 并且任选地，（7）在500℃至1050℃的温度下加热非线性ZnO颗粒，并分解任何附聚物，以提供呈现非线性V-1特性的细碎粉末。

38. 发明授权

US4223366A Gapless surge arrester 失效
标题翻译：无间隙避雷器
公开(公告)号：US4223366A
公开(公告)日：1980-09-16
申请号：US961011
申请日：1978-11-15
申请人： Andrew S. Sweetana, Jr. , Tapan K. Gupta , Richard E. Kothmann , Joseph C. Osterhout
发明人： Andrew S. Sweetana, Jr. , Tapan K. Gupta , Richard E. Kothmann , Joseph C. Osterhout
IPC分类号： H01C7/12 , H01T1/16 , H02H3/22 , H02H9/04
CPC分类号： H01C7/12
摘要： A gapless surge arrester is disclosed herein and includes a porcelain outer casing and a stack of zinc oxide discs located within the casing for passing surge currents therethrough. Silicon dioxide, preferably sand, is provided between this stack in the casing for transferring heat from the discs to the porcelain outer casing as a result of the surge current and for absorbing fault energy where necessary by changing states.
摘要翻译：本文公开了一种无间隙电涌放电器，其包括瓷外壳和位于壳体内的用于使浪涌电流通过其中的氧化锌盘堆。二氧化硅（优选沙子）设置在壳体中的该堆叠体之间，用于将热量从盘传递到瓷外壳，由于浪涌电流并且在必要时通过改变状态来吸收故障能量。

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