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31. 发明授权

US07459508B2 Microchannel polymerization reactor 失效
标题翻译：微通道聚合反应器
公开(公告)号：US07459508B2
公开(公告)日：2008-12-02
申请号：US11073350
申请日：2005-03-02
申请人： Sean P. Fitzgerald , David J. Hesse , Anna Lee Y. Tonkovich , Laura J. Silva
发明人： Sean P. Fitzgerald , David J. Hesse , Anna Lee Y. Tonkovich , Laura J. Silva
IPC分类号： C08F2/00 , B01J19/24
CPC分类号： B01J19/0093 , B01F5/0475 , B01F5/0478 , B01F5/0619 , B01F5/0646 , B01F5/0653 , B01F5/0682 , B01F5/0688 , B01F13/0059 , B01J2219/00783 , B01J2219/00822 , B01J2219/00844 , B01J2219/0086 , B01J2219/00862 , B01J2219/00871 , B01J2219/00873 , B01J2219/00889 , B01J2219/00891 , B01J2219/00907 , F28D7/00 , F28D9/00 , F28F2260/02 , Y10S526/918 , Y10T137/212
摘要： A microchannel polymerization reactor comprising: (a) a first microchannel adapted to carry a reactant stream; (b) a fluid conduit adapted to carry a fluid in thermal communication with the first microchannel; and (c) a static mixer in fluid communication with the first microchannel adapted to provide a mixing zone operative to change the cross-sectional fluid flow profile at a predetermined point along the first microchannel without changing the primary direction of the reactant stream through the first microchannel. The present invention also includes a method of carrying out a polymerization reaction within a microchannel reactor comprising: (i) directing at least one of monomer, initiator, water, surfactant, coagulant, and solvent into a reactant stream and into contact with reactant flowing within a first microchannel to initiate a polymerization reaction occurring within a first microchannel; and (ii) mixing the reactant of the reactant stream by positioning at least one static mixer in series with the reactant stream, where the static mixer is adapted to change a cross-sectional fluid flow profile of the reactant stream flowing through the first microchannel without changing a primary direction of the reactant stream through the first microchannel.
摘要翻译：一种微通道聚合反应器，包括：（a）适于携带反应物流的第一微通道; （b）适于承载与第一微通道热连通的流体的流体导管; 和（c）与所述第一微通道流体连通的静态混合器，其适于提供混合区域，其可操作以沿着所述第一微通道改变在预定点处的横截面流体流动分布，而不改变所述反应物流的主要方向通过所述第一微通道。本发明还包括在微通道反应器内进行聚合反应的方法，包括：（i）将单体，引发剂，水，表面活性剂，凝结剂和溶剂中的至少一种引入反应物流中并与在其内流动的反应物接触引发在第一微通道内发生聚合反应的第一微通道; 和（ii）通过将至少一个与反应物流串联的静态混合器定位来混合反应物流的反应物，其中静态混合器适于改变流过第一微通道的反应物流的横截面流体流动分布，而没有改变反应物流通过第一微通道的主要方向。

32. 发明授权

US08517717B2 Detonation safety in microchannels 有权
标题翻译：微通道爆震安全
公开(公告)号：US08517717B2
公开(公告)日：2013-08-27
申请号：US10917836
申请日：2004-08-13
申请人： David J. Hesse , Kai Jarosch
发明人： David J. Hesse , Kai Jarosch
IPC分类号： F23D3/40
CPC分类号： C01B5/00 , B01J19/002 , B01J19/0093 , B01J2219/00243 , B01J2219/00259 , B01J2219/00265 , B01J2219/00783 , B01J2219/0086 , B01J2219/00995 , F23C99/00 , F23C2900/03001 , F23C2900/9901
摘要： The proper sizing of microchannel dimensions and the management of internal features offer the possibility of inherently safe operation within the flammable limits of a combustible fluid stream while preserving the largest-possible flow dimensions for industrial-scale process capacity. Specifically, the microchannel dimensions need not be restricted to gap distances below the quenching distance to be operated safely. Microchannel performance can be engineered to provide adequate heat transfer for flame propagation. However, it is essential to maintain flame characteristics in such a manner that it cannot transition to a detonation flame front. A detonation takes place when the combustion wave propagates at supersonic speeds at the existing local temperature and pressure conditions in the system. It results in a much larger energy release over a much smaller period of time as compared to a laminar flame or deflagration, the later of which is a combustion wave propagating at subsonic speed. Detonations can be potentially highly destructive and very hazardous and therefore should be avoided for most industrial applications.
摘要翻译：微通道尺寸的适当尺寸和内部特征的管理提供了在可燃流体流的可燃极限内本来安全的操作的可能性，同时保持用于工业规模过程能力的最大可能的流动尺寸。具体地说，微通道尺寸不需要限制在低于淬火距离的间隙距离，以便安全地操作。微通道性能可以设计成为火焰传播提供足够的传热。然而，必须以不能转换到爆震火焰前端的方式保持火焰特性。当燃烧波在系统中的现有局部温度和压力条件下以超音速传播时，发生爆震。与层流火焰或爆燃相比，其在更短的时间段内产生更大的能量释放，其后期是以亚音速传播的燃烧波。爆炸可能具有潜在的高度破坏性和非常危险性，因此大多数工业应用都应避免。

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