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21. 发明授权

US5180253A Arrangement of prestressing tendons in a pressure tunnel 失效
标题翻译：压力隧道中预应力的安排
公开(公告)号：US5180253A
公开(公告)日：1993-01-19
申请号：US744325
申请日：1991-08-13
申请人： Erwin Siegfried , Peter Marti
发明人： Erwin Siegfried , Peter Marti
IPC分类号： E02B9/06 , E04C5/08 , E04G21/12 , E21D11/10
CPC分类号： E21D11/107 , E02B9/06 , E04C5/08 , Y02E10/22
摘要： Each of the prestressing tendons (3, 4, 18) in a pressure tunnel is made up of a bundle of monostrands (21) held together. Each of the monostrands (21) of one of the prestressing tendons is distanced from adjacent monostrands by the introduction of spacing means (22, 22', 22", 22"') at more or less regular intervals along the length of the prestressing tendon. Distributed along the length of and over the circumference of the pressure tunnel are disposed prestressing tendon supports (9) directed essentially towards the center of the pressure tunnel. Several prestressing tendons (3, 4, 18) are attachable to each of the prestressing tendon supports (9) adjacent to or stacked on top of each other. In doing so, each prestressing tendon (3, 4, 18) is kept spaced from adjacent tendons. The prestressing tendon arrangement ensures that after concreting the pressure tunnel, each of the monostrands is completely embedded in concrete. Each monostrand may be individually prestressed with a relatively small jack without there being any risk of damaging the monostrand in question or adjacent monostrands as result of stressing. The arrangement allows a relatively large number of monostrands to be disposed in any one cross-section and complete corrossion protection is guaranteed for each of the monostrands.
摘要翻译：压力通道中的每个预应力筋（3,4,18）由保持在一起的一束单体（21）组成。其中一个预应力钢筋的每个单体股（21）通过沿着该长度的长度以或多或少的规则间隔引入间隔装置（22,22'，22“，22”'）而远离相邻的单股股预应力筋沿着压力通道的长度和周长分布布置预应力筋支撑件（9），其基本上朝向压力通道的中心。几个预应力筋（3,4,18）可附接到彼此邻近或堆叠的每个预应力筋支撑件（9）上。在这样做时，每个预应力筋（3,4,18）与相邻的钢筋保持间隔开。预应力钢筋排列确保在混凝土压力隧道后，每个单体完全嵌入混凝土中。每个单体可以单独预应力，具有相对小的千斤顶，而不会因为压力而损坏所讨论的单体或相邻单体的风险。该布置允许在任何一个横截面上布置相对大量的单股，并且保证每个单股的完整的腐蚀保护。

22. 发明授权

US5104260A Method and apparatus for tunnelling 失效
标题翻译：隧道掘进方法与装置
公开(公告)号：US5104260A
公开(公告)日：1992-04-14
申请号：US509538
申请日：1990-04-16
申请人： Davide Trevisani
发明人： Davide Trevisani
IPC分类号： E21C25/22 , E21D9/04 , E21D9/10 , E21D11/10
CPC分类号： E21D9/04 , E21C25/22 , E21D9/1053
摘要： The method for boring a tunnel consists in placing an excavation tool at a point of the extrados of the tunnel and in excavating a cavity by imparting the tool an advancement movement having divergent direction with respect to the axis of the tunnel. While the cavity is being filled with concrete, a further cavity is excavated in another point of the extrados and is then also filled with concrete. These operations are repeated until a plurality of voussoirs is obtained which are arranged adjacent to one another along the extrados and give rise to a frustum-shaped vault. The soil inside the vault is then excavated for a depth which is smaller than the axial extension of the vault itself, and a subsequent vault is formed having a narrower initial portion internal to the wider terminal portion of the previously executed vault.

23. 发明授权

US4978073A Apparatus for pneumatically discharging liquified building material containing a hardener 失效
标题翻译：用于气动排出含有硬化剂的液化建筑材料的装置
公开(公告)号：US4978073A
公开(公告)日：1990-12-18
申请号：US273131
申请日：1988-11-14
申请人： Karl-Ernst von Eckardstein
发明人： Karl-Ernst von Eckardstein
IPC分类号： E04G21/02 , B05B7/14 , B28C5/02 , E04G21/04 , E21D11/10 , F04F5/24
CPC分类号： E21D11/105 , B28C5/026 , E04G21/04
摘要： An apparatus for pneumatically discharging a liquified building material includes a first source of liquid hardener and injection means for injecting the liquid hardener perpendicularly into the air-entrained building material at the discharge nozzle. The liquid hardener may be supplied through an atomizer and injected through openings that are enlarged. A second source of liquid hardener may be provided to supply a second hardener mixed with the airstream that entrains the building material. A flexible tubing may be provided between the aeration fitting and discharge nozzle to require that only the discharge nozzle be lifted by the operator.
摘要翻译：用于气化排出液化建筑材料的装置包括液体硬化剂的第一源和用于在排出喷嘴处将液体固化剂垂直注入空气夹带的建筑材料中的注入装置。液体固化剂可以通过雾化器供应并通过扩大的开口注入。可以提供液体固化剂的第二来源以提供与夹带建筑材料的气流混合的第二固化剂。可以在曝气配件和排放喷嘴之间提供柔性管，以要求操作者仅仅将排放喷嘴提升。

24. 发明授权

US4913587A Form assembly for making covering wall of tunnel made by shield type excavator 失效
标题翻译：用盾构式挖掘机制作隧道覆盖墙的组装
公开(公告)号：US4913587A
公开(公告)日：1990-04-03
申请号：US226206
申请日：1988-07-29
申请人： Fumitaka Kumai , Yoshihiro Takano
发明人： Fumitaka Kumai , Yoshihiro Takano
IPC分类号： E21D9/06 , E21D11/10
CPC分类号： E21D11/10
摘要： A form structure for making a primary concrete covering wall on the surface of the wall of a tunnel which extends behind a shield type tunnel excavator advanced, wherein a form structure for casting concrete to make the covering wall is assembled with a plurality of arcuate form assemblies respectively including form segments and timbering members for reinforcing the cast and set concrete. The form segments of each assembly are detachably coupled to the timbering members. The form structure is disassembled after the cast concrete is set by detaching the form segments of the respective assemblies from the timbering members to leave the members on the primary covering wall of the set concrete, whereby the primary covering wall can be held in stable state simultaneously with completion of the primary covering wall on the tunnel wall surface.

25. 发明授权

US4808030A Shield tunneling method and assembling and disassembling apparatus for use in practicing the method 失效
标题翻译：盾构隧道法及组装拆卸装置，用于实施该方法
公开(公告)号：US4808030A
公开(公告)日：1989-02-28
申请号：US944339
申请日：1986-12-18
申请人： Keinosuke Takegawa
发明人： Keinosuke Takegawa
IPC分类号： E21D9/087 , E21D11/10 , E21D11/40 , E21D9/06
CPC分类号： E21D11/102 , E21D11/10 , E21D11/40
摘要： Shield tunnelling method and assembling and disassembling apparatus for use in practicing the method. A shield having shield jacks is actuated for drilling a hole in the ground. Inner forms and outer forms are assembled into a plurality of tubular units coaxially jointed in the hole so that an annular concrete lining space is defined between the inner forms and the outer forms, the tubular units having a leading tubular unit.The shield jacks are applied against inner forms of the leading tubular units for thrusting the shield during actuating of the shield to further drill the hole. A concrete is injected into the annular concrete lining space to form a concrete lining. The concrete lining within a predetermined length of tubular units is set for providing adhesion to the inner forms, in contact with the concrete lining, against a reaction force of the jack thrust for the shield. Inner forms of the tubular units, located behind the predetermined length of the tubular units, are disassembled from the associated outer forms so that the predetermined length of the concrete lining is remained covered with inner forms. The inner forms disassembled are reused in the assembling of inner forms and outer forms for assembling a new tubular unit in the hole just behind the shield.
摘要翻译：盾构隧道法及组装拆卸装置，用于实施该方法。启动具有屏蔽插座的屏蔽件用于在地面上钻孔。内部形式和外部形式组装成多个同轴地连接在孔中的管状单元，使得在内部形式和外部形式之间限定环形混凝土衬砌空间，管状单元具有前导管状单元。屏蔽插口被施加在前导管状单元的内部形式上，用于在致动屏蔽件期间推动屏蔽件以进一步钻孔。将混凝土注入环形混凝土衬里空间，形成混凝土衬砌。预定长度的管状单元中的混凝土衬砌设置成提供与混凝土衬里接触的内部形式的粘合，抵抗用于防护罩的千斤顶推力的反作用力。位于管状单元的预定长度之后的管状单元的内部形式从相关联的外部形式拆卸，使得预定长度的混凝土衬砌保持被内部形式覆盖。拆卸的内部形式在内部形式和外部形式的组装中重新使用，用于将新的管状单元组装在刚好在护罩后面的孔中。

26. 发明授权

US4786206A Lining tunnel wall made by shield type tunnel excavator 失效
标题翻译：屏蔽式隧道掘进机衬砌隧道墙
公开(公告)号：US4786206A
公开(公告)日：1988-11-22
申请号：US48605
申请日：1987-05-11
申请人： Minoru Yamamoto , Fumitaka Kumai
发明人： Minoru Yamamoto , Fumitaka Kumai
IPC分类号： E21D11/10 , E21D11/14
CPC分类号： E21D11/10
摘要： A tunnel wall lining method is provided, wherein annular recesses circumferentially are provided in outer periphery of a lining form into which arcuate segments are assembled, a plurality of rows of reinforcing bars are arranged annularly in the respective recesses of the lining form, and a lining is constructed with concrete cast into a space between the tunnel wall and the lining form. The lining thus constructed includes circumferentially extending and radially inwardly projecting beams in which the reinforcing bars are embedded, whereby a lining having a reinforcing structure can be constructed in a simple and economical manner and in a shortened construction period.
摘要翻译：提供了一种隧道壁衬的方法，其中环形凹槽周向地设置在其中组装有弧形段的衬里形式的外周中，多排钢筋被环形地布置在衬里形式的相应凹部中，并且衬套是用混凝土浇筑成隧道墙和衬里形式之间的空间。如此构造的衬里包括周向延伸和径向向内突出的梁，其中钢筋被嵌入其中，由此可以以简单和经济的方式并且在缩短的施工周期中构造具有加强结构的衬里。

27. 发明授权

US4708532A Apparatus for storing a concrete feeding hose in a rock bolting device 失效
标题翻译：用于将混凝土进料软管储存在岩石锚固装置中的装置
公开(公告)号：US4708532A
公开(公告)日：1987-11-24
申请号：US925567
申请日：1986-10-31
申请人： Jarmo Leppanen
发明人： Jarmo Leppanen
IPC分类号： E21D11/10 , B65H75/36 , B65H75/38 , E04G21/02 , E04G21/04 , E21B19/22 , E21D20/00 , E21D20/02
CPC分类号： B65H75/364 , B65H75/38 , E04G21/04 , E21B19/22 , E21D20/028 , B65H2701/33 , Y10T137/6899 , Y10T137/6918
摘要： A device for storing a concrete feeding hose in a rock bolting device, comprising a reel for a hose, which reel is mounted rotatably on a supporter, and that end of the hose which is attached to the reel is connected to concrete feeding means. In order that the coiling device could be used for passing the hose into a drill hole and for drawing it out of the hole, the reel is surrounded by a ring-shaped supporting wall against which the hose is positioned when the reel is rotated in the uncoiling direction. An unrotative guiding means is provided beside the supporting wall so as to guide the hose out of the reel by the action of an axial expulsive force exerted on the hose due to the rotary movement of the reel.
摘要翻译：一种用于将混凝土输送软管存储在岩石锚固装置中的装置，包括用于软管的卷轴，该卷轴可旋转地安装在支撑件上，并且附接到卷轴的软管的端部连接到混凝土输送装置。为了使卷取装置能够用于将软管通入钻孔并将其从孔中拉出，当卷轴旋转时，卷轴被环形支撑壁包围，软管被放置在该环形支撑壁上展开方向。在支撑壁旁边设有一个非旋转引导装置，以便通过由于卷轴的旋转运动而施加在软管上的轴向排出力的作用将软管引导出卷轴。

28. 发明授权

US4557627A Apparatus and method for tunnel construction with shield drive 失效
标题翻译：带屏蔽驱动的隧道施工装置及方法
公开(公告)号：US4557627A
公开(公告)日：1985-12-10
申请号：US348650
申请日：1982-02-12
申请人： Walter A. Schmid , Hans Bertschinger
发明人： Walter A. Schmid , Hans Bertschinger
IPC分类号： E21D9/06 , E21D11/10
CPC分类号： E21D9/0635 , E21D9/0607
摘要： In tunnel construction with shield drive locational concrete is brought in stages directly behind the shield as tunnel lining. In order not to have to interrupt the shield progress during concreting it is proposed to provide a shield tail element consisting of a plurality of lamina movable relative to the shield, in addition to a shield tail element attached rigidly to the shield. This basically stands still during the continuous progress of the shield and is drawn forward into the shield by lamina only during the segment concreting, in order to remain immobile there relative to the earth until the next concreting stage.
摘要翻译：在隧道施工中，盾构驱动位置混凝土直接作为隧道衬砌在盾构后面。为了在混凝土期间不必中断屏蔽进展，提出了除了刚性地附接到屏蔽件的屏蔽尾部元件之外，提供由相对于屏蔽件可移动的多个薄片组成的屏蔽尾部元件。这在盾牌的持续进行中基本上依然存在，并且仅在分段混凝土时才被层板拉入盾构，以便在相对于地球直到下一个混凝土阶段保持不动。

29. 发明授权

US4505622A Process and arrangement for the support of underground cavity systems by an efficient safety casing wall 失效
标题翻译：通过有效的安全套管壁支撑地下腔系统的过程和布置
公开(公告)号：US4505622A
公开(公告)日：1985-03-19
申请号：US155789
申请日：1980-06-02
申请人： Csaba Asszonyi , Istvan Klausz , Istvan Kmety , Nandor Meitzen , Rezso Pasztor
发明人： Csaba Asszonyi , Istvan Klausz , Istvan Kmety , Nandor Meitzen , Rezso Pasztor
IPC分类号： B21F27/12 , B21F27/20 , E04C5/06 , E21D11/10 , E21D11/15 , E21D11/40 , E21D11/00
CPC分类号： B21F27/128 , B21F27/20 , E04C5/0636 , E21D11/102 , E21D11/105 , E21D11/107 , E21D11/152 , E21D11/40
摘要： This invention relates to a method for bracing an underground cavity, wherein the cavity is lined with a tensionable layer, an expansible arch is then inserted against said layer, the arch is then tensioned and clamped in position to exert pressure in accordance with a specified formula.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种用于支撑地下空腔的方法，其中空腔衬有可张紧的层，然后将可膨胀的拱被插入抵靠所述层，然后将拱被张紧并夹紧在适当位置，以按照规定的公式施加压力。

30. 发明授权

US4371290A Shuttering for establishing concrete lining of tunnels 失效
标题翻译：用于建立隧道的混凝土衬砌
公开(公告)号：US4371290A
公开(公告)日：1983-02-01
申请号：US147097
申请日：1980-05-07
申请人： Valentin A. Ivanov , Vladimir A. Khodosh , Mikhail Y. Shenkman , Vladimir L. Kirbatov , Iosif D. Fishman
发明人： Valentin A. Ivanov , Vladimir A. Khodosh , Mikhail Y. Shenkman , Vladimir L. Kirbatov , Iosif D. Fishman
IPC分类号： E21D11/10 , E21D11/00
CPC分类号： E21D11/102
摘要： A characteristic feature of the proposed shuttering is the fact that its adjacent sections are interconnected through means preventing them from being mutually inclined in a vertical plane; said means is interposed between said sections and is made as a bar and four links mounted in pairs on pivots at the bar ends, while ends of the links are connected, through ball-and-socket joints, to the respective sections; said bar being composed of at least two members swivelling with respect to each other about a common longitudinal axis.
摘要翻译：所提出的快门的特征是其相邻部分通过防止它们在垂直平面中相互倾斜的装置互连的事实; 所述装置设置在所述部分之间，并且被制成为杆和在杆端枢轴处成对安装的四个连杆，同时连杆的端部通过球窝接头连接到各个部分; 所述杆由相对于彼此围绕公共纵向轴线旋转的至少两个构件组成。

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