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21. 发明授权

US6064820A Apparatus and method to incrementally update single static assignment (SSA) form 失效
标题翻译：逐步更新单个静态分配（SSA）形式的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US6064820A
公开(公告)日：2000-05-16
申请号：US85299
申请日：1998-05-27
申请人： Pratap Subrahmanyam
发明人： Pratap Subrahmanyam
IPC分类号： G06F9/45
CPC分类号： G06F8/433 , G06F8/443
摘要： A method and apparatus for incrementally updating SSA form after loop unrolling. The incremental SSA tool generates a non-ambiguous new name, in SSA form, for each original name defined in a loop and used outside of the loop after loop unrolling, by using the existing CFG structure for the software code that is created by the compiler. The incremental SSA tool renames the uses in the tails of the loop of a name defined within the loop into new clone names. The incremental SSA tool uses the new clone names created in the tails of the loop to rename other uses outside of the loop, of names that are defined within the loop, into new clone names. Also, the incremental SSA tool reconciles loop unrolled names that are used outside of the loop with the new clone names by creating new incarnation names.
摘要翻译：一种在循环展开后逐行更新SSA形式的方法和装置。增量SSA工具以SSA形式为循环中定义的每个原始名称生成一个非歧义的新名称，并在循环展开之后使用循环外部，通过使用现有的CFG结构为编译器创建的软件代码。增量SSA工具将循环中定义的名称的尾部中的使用重命名为新的克隆名称。增量SSA工具使用在循环尾部创建的新克隆名称将循环外的其他用途名称重命名为循环中定义的名称，将其重新命名为新的克隆名称。此外，增量SSA工具通过创建新的化身名称，将循环外循环的循环名称与新的克隆名称进行对照。

22. 发明授权

US08898518B2 Method and system for enabling checkpointing fault tolerance across remote virtual machines 有权
标题翻译：远程虚拟机启用检查点容错功能的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US08898518B2
公开(公告)日：2014-11-25
申请号：US13450249
申请日：2012-04-18
申请人： Ole Agesen , Raviprasad Mummidi , Pratap Subrahmanyam
发明人： Ole Agesen , Raviprasad Mummidi , Pratap Subrahmanyam
IPC分类号： G06F11/00 , G06F11/20
CPC分类号： G06F11/2097 , G06F11/2038 , G06F11/2046 , G06F2201/815
摘要： A checkpointing fault tolerance network architecture enables a backup computer system to be remotely located from a primary computer system. An intermediary computer system is situated between the primary computer system and the backup computer system to manage the transmission of checkpoint information to the backup VM in an efficient manner. The intermediary computer system is networked to the primary VM through a first connection and is networked to the backup VM through a second connection. The intermediary computer system identifies updated data corresponding to memory pages that have been least recently modified by the primary VM and transmits such updated data to the backup VM through the first connection. In such manner, the intermediary computer system holds back updated data corresponding to more recently modified memory pages, since such memory pages may be more likely to be updated again in the future.
摘要翻译：检查点容错网络架构使备份计算机系统能够远离主计算机系统。中间计算机系统位于主计算机系统和备用计算机系统之间，以有效的方式管理检查点信息传输到备份虚拟机。中间计算机系统通过第一连接与主虚拟机联网，并通过第二连接与备用虚拟机联网。中间计算机系统识别对应于由主VM最近最近修改的存储器页面的更新数据，并通过第一连接将这种更新的数据发送到备份VM。以这样的方式，中间计算机系统保持对应于最近修改的存储器页面的更新数据，因为这样的存储器页面将来可能再次被更新。

23. 发明授权

US08549241B2 Method and system for frequent checkpointing 有权
公开(公告)号：US08549241B2
公开(公告)日：2013-10-01
申请号：US12683288
申请日：2010-01-06
申请人： Daniel J. Scales , Pratap Subrahmanyam , Ganesh Venkitachalam , Michael Nelson
发明人： Daniel J. Scales , Pratap Subrahmanyam , Ganesh Venkitachalam , Michael Nelson
IPC分类号： G06F12/16
CPC分类号： G06F11/2023 , G06F11/1438 , G06F11/1484 , G06F11/2097 , G06F2201/84
摘要： A virtualization platform provides fault tolerance for a primary virtual machine by continuously transmitting checkpoint information of the primary virtual machine to a collector process, such as a backup virtual machine. When implemented on a hardware platform comprising a multi-processor that supports nested page tables, the virtualization platform leverages the nested page table support to quickly identify memory pages that have been modified between checkpoints. The backup virtual machine provides feedback information to assist the virtualization platform in identifying candidate memory pages for transmitting actual modifications to the memory pages rather than the entire memory page as part of the checkpoint information. The virtualization platform further maintains a modification history data structure to identify memory pages that can be transmitted simultaneous with the execution of the primary virtual machine rather than while the primary virtual machine has been stunned.

24. 发明授权

US08250519B2 Forcing registered code into an execution context of guest software 有权
标题翻译：强制注册代码进入客户软件的执行上下文
公开(公告)号：US08250519B2
公开(公告)日：2012-08-21
申请号：US12188973
申请日：2008-08-08
申请人： Dmitriy Budko , Xiaoxin Chen , Oded Horovitz , Pratap Subrahmanyam , Carl Waldspurger
发明人： Dmitriy Budko , Xiaoxin Chen , Oded Horovitz , Pratap Subrahmanyam , Carl Waldspurger
IPC分类号： G06F9/44 , G06F9/45
CPC分类号： G06F21/53 , G06F9/45558 , G06F2009/45587 , G06F2009/45591
摘要： A method is provided for executing guest computations in a virtual machine of a virtualization system and forcing execution of registered code into an execution context of the guest. The forcing is performed from the virtualization system based on an execution trigger monitored without reliance on functionality of the guest software.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于在虚拟化系统的虚拟机中执行客户机计算并强制执行注册代码到客户机的执行上下文中的方法。强制从虚拟化系统执行，基于执行触发器，而不依赖客户机软件的功能。

25. 发明授权

US08024506B1 Maintaining address translations during the software-based processing of instructions 有权
标题翻译：在基于软件的指令处理期间维护地址转换
公开(公告)号：US08024506B1
公开(公告)日：2011-09-20
申请号：US11859710
申请日：2007-09-21
申请人： Ole Agesen , Pratap Subrahmanyam
发明人： Ole Agesen , Pratap Subrahmanyam
IPC分类号： G06F12/00 , G06F13/00 , G06F13/28 , G06F21/00 , G06F9/26 , G06F9/34 , G06F9/46
CPC分类号： G06F12/1072 , G06F12/1036 , G06F2212/682
摘要： The invention is used in a virtual machine monitor for a multiprocessing system that includes a virtual memory system. During a software-based processing of a guest instruction, including translating or interpreting a guest instruction, mappings between virtual addresses and physical addresses are retained in memory until processing of the guest instruction is completed. The retained mappings may be cleared after each guest instruction has been processed, or after multiple guest instructions have been processed. Information may also be stored to indicate that an attempt to map a virtual address to a physical address was not successful. The invention may be extended beyond virtual machine monitors to other systems involving the software-based processing of instructions, and beyond multiprocessing systems to other systems involving concurrent access to virtual memory management data.
摘要翻译：本发明用于包括虚拟存储器系统的多处理系统的虚拟机监视器中。在访客指令的基于软件的处理中，包括翻译或解释访客指令，虚拟地址和物理地址之间的映射被保留在存储器中，直到访客指令的处理完成。保留的映射可以在每个客户指令被处理之后或在多个客户指令被处理之后被清除。还可以存储信息以指示将虚拟地址映射到物理地址的尝试不成功。本发明可以扩展到虚拟机监视器以外的其他系统，涉及指令的基于软件的处理，并且超出多处理系统到涉及对虚拟存储器管理数据的并发访问的其他系统。

26. 发明授权

US07783838B1 Maintaining coherency of derived data in a computer system 有权
标题翻译：维护计算机系统中派生数据的一致性
公开(公告)号：US07783838B1
公开(公告)日：2010-08-24
申请号：US11752193
申请日：2007-05-22
申请人： Ole Agesen , Pratap Subrahmanyam , Keith M. Adams
发明人： Ole Agesen , Pratap Subrahmanyam , Keith M. Adams
IPC分类号： G06F12/00 , G06F21/00 , G06F13/00 , G06F13/28 , G06F9/26 , G06F9/34 , G06F9/455 , G06F9/46
CPC分类号： G06F12/1036 , G06F9/45537 , G06F9/45558 , G06F12/0292 , G06F2009/45583 , G06F2212/682 , Y10S707/99952
摘要： A computer system has secondary data that is derived from primary data, such as entries in a TLB being derived from entries in a page table. When an actor changes the primary data, a producer indicates the change in a set data structure, such as a data array, in memory that is shared by the producer and a consumer. There may be multiple producers and multiple consumers and each producer/consumer pair has a separate channel. At coherency events, at which incoherencies between the primary data and the secondary data should be removed, consumers read the channels to determine the changes, and update the secondary data accordingly. The system may be a multiprocessor virtual computer system, the actor may be a guest operating system, and the producers and consumers may be subsystems within a virtual machine monitor, wherein each subsystem exports a separate virtual central processing unit.
摘要翻译：计算机系统具有从主数据导出的辅助数据，诸如从页表中的条目导出的TLB中的条目。当演员改变主要数据时，制片人指示在生产者和消费者共享的存储器中的设置数据结构（例如数据阵列）中的改变。可能有多个生产者和多个消费者，每个生产者/消费者对都有一个单独的渠道。在一致性事件中，应删除主数据和辅助数据之间的货币，消费者读取通道以确定更改，并相应地更新次要数据。该系统可以是多处理器虚拟计算机系统，该演员可以是客户操作系统，并且生产者和消费者可以是虚拟机监视器内的子系统，其中每个子系统导出单独的虚拟中央处理单元。

27. 发明授权

US07577722B1 Provisioning of computer systems using virtual machines 有权
标题翻译：使用虚拟机配置计算机系统
公开(公告)号：US07577722B1
公开(公告)日：2009-08-18
申请号：US10117143
申请日：2002-04-05
申请人： Dilip Khandekar , Dragutin Petkovic , Pratap Subrahmanyam , Bich Cau Le
发明人： Dilip Khandekar , Dragutin Petkovic , Pratap Subrahmanyam , Bich Cau Le
IPC分类号： G06F15/177 , G06F15/173 , G06F9/00 , G06F9/455
CPC分类号： G06F9/45558 , G06F2009/45562 , G06F2009/4557
摘要： A provisioning server automatically configures a virtual machine (VM) according to user specifications and then deploys the VM on a physical host. The user may either choose from a list of pre-configured, ready-to-deploy VMs, or he may select which hardware, operating system and application(s) he would like the VM to have. The provisioning server then configures the VM accordingly, if the desired configuration is available, or it applies heuristics to configure a VM that best matches the user's request if it isn't. The invention also includes mechanisms for monitoring the status of VMs and hosts, for migrating VMs between hosts, and for creating a network of VMs.
摘要翻译：配置服务器根据用户规格自动配置虚拟机（VM），然后在物理主机上部署虚拟机。用户可以从预配置的即将部署的VM列表中进行选择，或者他可以选择他希望VM拥有的硬件，操作系统和应用程序。然后，配置服务器相应地配置VM，如果所需的配置可用，或者应用启发式配置来配置与用户的请求最匹配的VM。本发明还包括用于监视VM和主机的状态，用于在主机之间迁移VM以及用于创建VM网络的机制。

28. 发明申请

US20090055571A1 FORCING REGISTERED CODE INTO AN EXECUTION CONTEXT OF GUEST SOFTWARE 有权
标题翻译：将登记的代码强制执行用户软件的执行背景
公开(公告)号：US20090055571A1
公开(公告)日：2009-02-26
申请号：US12188973
申请日：2008-08-08
申请人： Dmitriy Budko , Xiaoxin Chen , Oded Horovitz , Pratap Subrahmanyam , Carl Waldspurger
发明人： Dmitriy Budko , Xiaoxin Chen , Oded Horovitz , Pratap Subrahmanyam , Carl Waldspurger
IPC分类号： G06F9/455 , G06F12/02
CPC分类号： G06F21/53 , G06F9/45558 , G06F2009/45587 , G06F2009/45591
摘要： One embodiment of the present invention includes a method for: (a) executing guest computations in a virtual machine of the virtualization system; and (b) forcing execution of registered code into an execution context of the guest, wherein the forcing is performed from the virtualization system based on an execution trigger monitored without reliance on functionality of the guest software.
摘要翻译：本发明的一个实施例包括一种方法，用于：（a）在虚拟化系统的虚拟机中执行客户计算; 和（b）强制执行注册代码到访客的执行上下文中，其中基于执行触发器从虚拟化系统执行强制，而不依赖客户软件的功能。

29. 发明授权

US06735601B1 System and method for remote file access by computer 有权
标题翻译：计算机远程文件访问的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US06735601B1
公开(公告)日：2004-05-11
申请号：US09751647
申请日：2000-12-29
申请人： Pratap Subrahmanyam
发明人： Pratap Subrahmanyam
IPC分类号： G06F1200
CPC分类号： G06F8/63 , G06F3/0601 , G06F8/61 , G06F9/45558 , G06F17/30115 , G06F17/30197 , G06F17/30233 , G06F2003/0697 , G06F2009/45579 , G06F2209/549 , H04L67/1023 , H04L67/34 , H04L69/329
摘要： Applications, which consist of one or more files containing executable code and/or data, are stored preferably in unmodified form in a provider system. Separately processable portions of the files contain file structure information as well as actual, processable content. A skeleton of each file, consisting of the file structure information but not the processable content, is stored within a user system, and preferably within a virtual machine, along with access information identifying where the actual content is stored. Whenever the user system, in particular, its operating system, issues a request for access to any file portion whose structure only is stored, then the corresponding content is downloaded via a network, from the provider to the user. A broker system may be included as an intermediary between the provider and the user and may perform such functions as billing and selection of available file providers. Applications are thus streamed piecewise in real time to the user, although the streaming operation remains transparent to the user.
摘要翻译：包含可执行代码和/或数据的一个或多个文件的应用程序优选以未修改的形式存储在提供者系统中。文件的可单独处理部分包含文件结构信息以及实际的可处理内容。由文件结构信息而不是可处理内容组成的每个文件的骨架存储在用户系统内，优选地存储在虚拟机内，以及识别实际内容的存储位置的访问信息。无论何时用户系统，特别是其操作系统，发出访问其结构仅被存储的任何文件部分的请求，则相应的内容经由网络从提供商下载到用户。经纪人系统可以被包括在提供商和用户之间的中介，并且可以执行诸如可用文件提供者的计费和选择等功能。因此，应用程序实时流式传输给用户，尽管流操作对用户来说仍然是透明的。

30. 发明授权

US06192513B1 Mechanism for finding spare registers in binary code 失效
标题翻译：在二进制代码中查找备用寄存器的机制
公开(公告)号：US06192513B1
公开(公告)日：2001-02-20
申请号：US09184807
申请日：1998-11-02
申请人： Pratap Subrahmanyam
发明人： Pratap Subrahmanyam
IPC分类号： G06F945
CPC分类号： G06F11/3612
摘要： The inventive system and method determines the availability of spare registers in binary code for use by an instrument or program by conducting a local search of either the immediate block of program code or of successor blocks, depending upon where instrumenting code is to be inserted. When inserting code near the begining the of a block of code, the system checks for available registers within the current block of code after the intended insertion point. A register is considered available if the original program overwrites its contents in a statement succeeding the insertion point without first having read data from this register between the insertion point and the current program statement. The system logs all registers found to be available within the immediate block of code using this approach. When the insertion point is at or near the end of a block of code, the system checks all immediate successor blocks for available registers in the same manmer as for the single block case. The system then determines which registers are available, or overwritten without prior access, in all of the successor blocks and deems only these registers to be available to the inserted instrumenting code. The system thus assures that the use of registers by instrumenting code at an insertion point near the end of a code block is harmless to data needed by the main program regardless of where main program execution branches to after the current code block.
摘要翻译：本发明的系统和方法根据将要插入代码的位置，通过对程序代码的立即块或后继块执行本地搜索来确定二进制代码中备用寄存器的可用性，供仪器或程序使用。当在代码块开始附近插入代码时，系统将在预期插入点之后检查当前代码块中的可用寄存器。如果原始程序在插入点之后的语句中覆盖其内容，而不首先在插入点和当前程序语句之间从该寄存器读取数据，则可以使用寄存器。该系统使用这种方法记录在即时代码块中发现的可用的所有寄存器。当插入点处于或接近代码块结束时，系统将检查所有立即的后继块，以获得与单个块情况相同的处理器中的可用寄存器。然后，系统在所有后继块中确定哪些寄存器可用或覆盖，无需事先访问，并认为只有这些寄存器可用于插入的测试代码。因此，该系统确保通过在代码块结束附近的插入点处的代码来使用寄存器对主程序所需的数据是无害的，而不管主程序执行在当前代码块之后分支。

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