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21. 发明申请

US20100283326A1 APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING A POWER SUPPLY 有权
标题翻译：用于控制电源的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US20100283326A1
公开(公告)日：2010-11-11
申请号：US12699410
申请日：2010-02-03
申请人： Jonathan W. Kimball , Philip T. Krein , Nicholas D. Benavides
发明人： Jonathan W. Kimball , Philip T. Krein , Nicholas D. Benavides
IPC分类号： H02J1/00
CPC分类号： H02J7/34 , H02J1/102 , H02J9/06 , Y10T307/50 , Y10T307/625 , Y10T307/707
摘要： In an electrical power supply having a plurality of switching power converter circuits and configured to supply a voltage to an electrical load, a method of controlling a duty cycle of at least one switch of one of the plurality of switching power converter circuits includes determining a storage voltage produced by the one of the plurality of energy storage devices. The method further includes determining an average storage voltage corresponding to an average of storage voltages produced by each of the plurality of energy storage devices. The method further includes determining at least one control signal as a function of the storage voltage, the average storage voltage, and a reference voltage. The method further includes controlling the duty cycle of the at least one switch of the one of the plurality of switching power converter circuits based upon the at least one control signal.
摘要翻译：在具有多个开关功率转换器电路并且被配置为向电负载提供电压的电源中，控制多个开关功率转换器电路之一的至少一个开关的占空比的方法包括：由多个能量存储装置之一产生的电压。该方法还包括确定对应于由多个能量存储装置中的每一个产生的存储电压的平均值的平均存储电压。该方法还包括根据存储电压，平均存储电压和参考电压确定至少一个控制信号。该方法还包括基于至少一个控制信号来控制多个开关功率转换器电路中的一个的至少一个开关的占空比。

22. 发明授权

US08325499B2 Methods for minimizing double-frequency ripple power in single-phase power conditioners 有权
标题翻译：降低单相功率调节器双频纹波功率的方法
公开(公告)号：US08325499B2
公开(公告)日：2012-12-04
申请号：US13215527
申请日：2011-08-23
申请人： Philip T. Krein , Robert S. Balog, Jr.
发明人： Philip T. Krein , Robert S. Balog, Jr.
IPC分类号： H02J1/02
CPC分类号： H02J3/1835 , H02J3/1842 , H02J3/383 , H02J3/387 , H02J2001/004 , Y02E10/563 , Y02E40/22 , Y02E40/30
摘要： A method is provided for minimizing a double-frequency ripple power exchanged between a load and an energy source, the energy source delivering electrical power to the load through a single-phase power conditioner, and the power conditioner being coupled to an energy storage device. The method includes determining a phase shift of an AC output signal of the power condition and an average AC output power of the power conditioner. The average AC output power may be a predetermined value or a calculated value based on sensed or measured signals. The method further includes generating an AC signal at an energy storage device. The generated AC signal has an amplitude that is a function of the average AC output power and a phase shift substantially equal to 45 degrees minus an amount that is dependent on the determined phase shift. In some embodiments, the phase shift may be determined to be of a non-zero value.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于最小化负载和能量源之间交换的双频纹波功率的方法，所述能量源通过单相功率调节器将功率传送到负载，并且所述功率调节器耦合到能量存储装置。该方法包括确定功率条件的AC输出信号的相移和功率调节器的平均AC输出功率。平均交流输出功率可以是基于感测或测量信号的预定值或计算值。该方法还包括在能量存储装置处产生AC信号。所产生的AC信号具有作为平均AC输出功率的函数的幅度和基本上等于45度的相移减去取决于确定的相移的量。在一些实施例中，可以将相移确定为非零值。

23. 发明授权

US07187149B1 Commutation technique for an AC-to-AC converter based on state machine control 有权
标题翻译：基于状态机控制的交流 - 交流转换器的换向技术
公开(公告)号：US07187149B1
公开(公告)日：2007-03-06
申请号：US11202597
申请日：2005-08-11
申请人： Robert S. Balog, Jr. , Philip T. Krein
发明人： Robert S. Balog, Jr. , Philip T. Krein
IPC分类号： H02M5/257
CPC分类号： H02P27/16 , Y10S388/903
摘要： A system for controlling a commutation of a load current is provided. The system comprises a AC-to-AC converter that includes a plurality of switching elements, an energy source that provides an oscillating voltage and is connected to the converter, an electrical load connected to the converter, and a controller that controls the converter, and monitors the oscillating voltage and the load current delivered to the electrical load. The controller determines a plurality of machine states of the converter, each of the plurality of machine states representing a corresponding conducting set of the plurality of switching elements, and controls switching between the plurality of machine states based on polarity commutations of the load current in the electrical load and polarity commutations of the oscillating voltage.
摘要翻译：提供一种用于控制负载电流换向的系统。该系统包括AC-AC转换器，其包括多个开关元件，提供振荡电压并连接到转换器的能量源，连接到转换器的电负载以及控制转换器的控制器，以及监测输出到电气负载的振荡电压和负载电流。所述控制器确定所述转换器的多个机器状态，所述多个机器状态中的每一个表示所述多个开关元件的对应的导电组，并且基于所述多个机械状态中的负载电流的极性换向来控制所述多个机器状态之间的切换振荡电压的电负载和极性换向。

24. 发明申请

US20090097283A1 Methods for Minimizing Double-Frequency Ripple Power in Single-Phase Power Conditioners 有权
标题翻译：最小化单相功率调节器中双频波纹功率的方法
公开(公告)号：US20090097283A1
公开(公告)日：2009-04-16
申请号：US11871015
申请日：2007-10-11
申请人： Philip T. Krein , Robert S. Balog, JR.
发明人： Philip T. Krein , Robert S. Balog, JR.
IPC分类号： H02J1/02 , H02M1/12
CPC分类号： H02J3/1835 , H02J3/1842 , H02J3/383 , H02J3/387 , H02J2001/004 , Y02E10/563 , Y02E40/22 , Y02E40/30
摘要： A method is provided for minimizing a double-frequency ripple power exchanged between a load and an energy source, the energy source delivering electrical power to the load through a single-phase power conditioner, and the power conditioner being coupled to an energy storage device. The method senses a first AC waveform at the output of the power conditioner, generates a second AC waveform at the energy storage device, the second AC waveform having the same frequency as the first AC waveform, and shifts the second AC waveform by a phase shift equal to π/4 radians relative to a phase of the first AC waveform, thereby minimizing the double-frequency ripple power in the power supplied by the energy source.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于最小化负载和能量源之间交换的双频纹波功率的方法，所述能量源通过单相功率调节器将功率传递到负载，并且所述功率调节器耦合到能量存储装置。该方法检测功率调节器的输出端的第一AC波形，在能量存储装置产生第二AC波形，第二AC波形具有与第一AC波形相同的频率，并将第二AC波形移位相移相对于第一AC波形的相位等于π/ 4弧度，从而最小化由能量源提供的功率中的双频纹波功率。

25. 发明授权

US08737100B2 Method and apparatus for controlling an inverter using pulse mode control 有权
标题翻译：用于使用脉冲模式控制来控制逆变器的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US08737100B2
公开(公告)日：2014-05-27
申请号：US13647847
申请日：2012-10-09
申请人： Patrick L. Chapman , Philip T. Krein
发明人： Patrick L. Chapman , Philip T. Krein
IPC分类号： H02M7/44
CPC分类号： H02M7/537 , H02J3/383 , Y02E10/563
摘要： A method and apparatus for controlling an inverter includes operating the inverter in a one of a normal run mode or a pulse mode depending on one or more criteria. When operating in the pulse mode, the inverter generates a sinusoidal output pulse waveform including a plurality of pulses having a determined pulse width. The pulse width is less than a half-wave period of a full-cycle sinusoidal waveform and may be determined as function of, for example, the output power of the inverter, a grid voltage, and/or other criteria.
摘要翻译：用于控制逆变器的方法和装置包括根据一个或多个标准以正常运行模式或脉冲模式中的一个操作逆变器。当在脉冲模式下操作时，逆变器产生包括具有确定的脉冲宽度的多个脉冲的正弦输出脉冲波形。脉冲宽度小于全周期正弦波形的半波周期，并且可以被确定为例如逆变器的输出功率，电网电压和/或其他标准的函数。

26. 发明申请

US20130094268A1 Method and Apparatus for Controlling an Inverter Using Pulse Mode Control 有权
标题翻译：使用脉冲模式控制控制逆变器的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20130094268A1
公开(公告)日：2013-04-18
申请号：US13647847
申请日：2012-10-09
申请人： Patrick L. Chapman , Philip T. Krein
发明人： Patrick L. Chapman , Philip T. Krein
IPC分类号： H02M7/5387
CPC分类号： H02M7/537 , H02J3/383 , Y02E10/563
摘要： A method and apparatus for controlling an inverter includes operating the inverter in a one of a normal run mode or a pulse mode depending on one or more criteria. When operating in the pulse mode, the inverter generates a sinusoidal output pulse waveform including a plurality of pulses having a determined pulse width. The pulse width is less than a half-wave period of a full-cycle sinusoidal waveform and may be determined as function of, for example, the output power of the inverter, a grid voltage, and/or other criteria.
摘要翻译：用于控制逆变器的方法和装置包括根据一个或多个标准以正常运行模式或脉冲模式中的一个操作逆变器。当在脉冲模式下操作时，逆变器产生包括具有确定的脉冲宽度的多个脉冲的正弦输出脉冲波形。脉冲宽度小于全周期正弦波形的半波周期，并且可以被确定为例如逆变器的输出功率，电网电压和/或其他标准的函数。

27. 发明申请

US20110164440A1 VOLTAGE-SENSED SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR ANTI-ISLANDING PROTECTION OF GRID-CONNECTED INVERTERS 有权
标题翻译：电网感应系统及防雷网络保护逆变器的方法
公开(公告)号：US20110164440A1
公开(公告)日：2011-07-07
申请号：US13050592
申请日：2011-03-17
申请人： Philip T. Krein
发明人： Philip T. Krein
IPC分类号： H02M7/44
CPC分类号： H02M1/32 , Y10T307/289
摘要： A method is provided for preventing islanding of a power source connected to an electric AC grid via an interface. The method senses an output voltage waveform of the interface, controls an output current waveform of the interface to track a reference current waveform having a mathematical relationship with the sensed output voltage waveform, and discontinues the output current waveform when the output voltage waveform is sensed to be outside a predetermined waveform range.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于防止经由接口连接到电力交流电网的电源的孤岛的方法。该方法检测接口的输出电压波形，控制接口的输出电流波形以跟踪与检测到的输出电压波形具有数学关系的参考电流波形，并且当输出电压波形被感测到时停止输出电流波形超出预定波形范围。

28. 发明申请

US20090059631A1 VOLTAGE-SENSED SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR ANTI-ISLANDING PROTECTION OF GRID-CONNECTED INVERTERS 有权
标题翻译：电网感应系统及防雷网络保护逆变器的方法
公开(公告)号：US20090059631A1
公开(公告)日：2009-03-05
申请号：US11849827
申请日：2007-09-04
申请人： Philip T. Krein
发明人： Philip T. Krein
IPC分类号： H02M7/44
CPC分类号： H02M1/32 , Y10T307/289
摘要： A method is provided for preventing islanding of a power source connected to an electric AC grid via an interface. The method senses an output voltage waveform of the interface, controls an output current waveform of the interface to track a reference current waveform having a mathematical relationship with the sensed output voltage waveform, and discontinues the output current waveform when the output voltage waveform is sensed to be outside a predetermined waveform range.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于防止经由接口连接到电力交流电网的电源的孤岛的方法。该方法检测接口的输出电压波形，控制接口的输出电流波形以跟踪与检测到的输出电压波形具有数学关系的参考电流波形，并且当输出电压波形被感测到时停止输出电流波形超出预定波形范围。

29. 发明授权

US5801519A Self-excited power minimizer/maximizer for switching power converters and switching motor drive applications 失效
标题翻译：用于开关电源转换器和开关电机驱动应用的自激式功率最小化器/最大值
公开(公告)号：US5801519A
公开(公告)日：1998-09-01
申请号：US668124
申请日：1996-06-21
申请人： Pallab Midya , Philip T. Krein , Robert J. Turnbull
发明人： Pallab Midya , Philip T. Krein , Robert J. Turnbull
IPC分类号： G05F1/67 , H02M3/156 , G05F1/575
CPC分类号： G05F1/67 , H02M3/156 , H02M2001/0022 , Y02E10/58 , Y10S323/906
摘要： In any steady-state optimization problem, the output being optimized could be a nonmonotonic function of the controlled variable. Often the output is dependent on the temperature, the load impedance, and other unknown and variable quantities. Thus, it is very useful to have an automatic tuning scheme that will take the system to the desired operating point using only input and output information. The present invention is a generalized tuning scheme that uses the correlation between changes in the input and corresponding changes in the output to tune the operating point. In general terms, the present invention utilizes a correlation function between the controlled variable and a perturbed waveform. When the system reaches the desired operating point, the correlation goes to zero and the system converges. This corresponds to the point at which the derivative of the output with respect to the input is zero. This tuning scheme is appropriate for any tuning problem which has a single maximum or minimum. A variety of tuning problems in power electronics and other areas fall into this category. A tuning scheme based on correlation usually requires an excitation input. The switching action in the controlled circuit perturbs all the states and provides this excitation. Thus, this tuning scheme is appropriate for switching power applications. A preferred embodiment of the present application is used to control a power converter in a solar array application.
摘要翻译：在任何稳态优化问题中，被优化的输出可以是受控变量的非单调函数。通常输出取决于温度，负载阻抗和其他未知和可变量。因此，使用仅使用输入和输出信息将系统带到期望的操作点的自动调谐方案是非常有用的。本发明是一种通用调谐方案，其使用输入中的变化与输出的相应变化之间的相关性来调整工作点。一般来说，本发明利用受控变量和扰动波形之间的相关函数。当系统达到所需的工作点时，相关性将变为零，系统收敛。这对应于输出相对于输入的导数为零的点。该调谐方案适用于具有单个最大值或最小值的任何调谐问题。电力电子等领域的各种调谐问题属于这一类。基于相关性的调谐方案通常需要激励输入。受控电路中的开关动作会干扰所有状态并提供这种激励。因此，该调谐方案适用于开关电源应用。本申请的优选实施例用于控制太阳能阵列应用中的功率转换器。

30. 发明授权

US08508074B2 System and method for optimizing solar power conversion 有权
标题翻译：优化太阳能转换的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US08508074B2
公开(公告)日：2013-08-13
申请号：US13340076
申请日：2011-12-29
申请人： Pradeep S. Shenoy , Philip T. Krein
发明人： Pradeep S. Shenoy , Philip T. Krein
IPC分类号： H02J1/00
CPC分类号： H02J1/00 , H01L31/02021 , H02J3/383 , Y02E10/563 , Y10T307/352 , Y10T307/609 , Y10T307/685 , Y10T307/707
摘要： A solar power system is provided for maximizing solar power conversion. The solar power system includes n power units connected in series and n-1 DC-DC converting units, and each of the n-1 DC-DC converting units is coupled to at least one of n solar power units. Each of the n-1 DC-DC converting units is configured to control the correspondingly connected solar power units to operate at a target current generation. The solar power system further includes a controlling unit coupled to the n-1 DC-DC converting units. The controlling unit monitors and compares the n currents generated by the n solar power units. Based on the current comparison, the controlling unit determines a series current and controls the n solar power units so that each of the generated photovoltaic currents is substantially equal to the determined series current.
摘要翻译：提供太阳能发电系统以最大限度地提高太阳能转换。太阳能发电系统包括串联连接的n个电力单元和n-1个DC-DC转换单元，并且n-1个DC-DC转换单元中的每一个耦合到n个太阳能发电单元中的至少一个。每个n-1个DC-DC转换单元被配置为控制相应连接的太阳能发电单元以目标电流产生运行。太阳能发电系统还包括耦合到n-1个DC-DC转换单元的控制单元。控制单元监视和比较由n个太阳能发电单元产生的n个电流。基于当前的比较，控制单元确定串联电流并且控制n个太阳能发电单元，使得每个所产生的光电流基本上等于所确定的串联电流。

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