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21. 发明授权

US06470423B1 Managing partitioned cache 有权
标题翻译：管理分区缓存
公开(公告)号：US06470423B1
公开(公告)日：2002-10-22
申请号：US10032243
申请日：2001-12-21
申请人： Alexander C. Ho , Ashok Joshi , Gianfranco Putzolu , Juan R. Loaiza , Graham Wood , William H. Bridge, Jr.
发明人： Alexander C. Ho , Ashok Joshi , Gianfranco Putzolu , Juan R. Loaiza , Graham Wood , William H. Bridge, Jr.
IPC分类号： G06F1200
CPC分类号： G06F12/121 , G06F12/0866
摘要： Described herein are approaches for partitioning a buffer cache for dynamically selecting buffers in the buffer cache to store data items, such as data blocks in a DBMS. The selection is based on data access and/or usage patterns. A buffer cache includes multiple buffer pools. A buffer pool is selected from among the multiple buffer pools to store a data item. The selection of a buffer pool is based on various factors, including the likelihood that storing the data item will produce future cache hits, and properties of buffer pools that vary between the buffer pools. Properties of a buffer pool include not only how the buffer pools are organized, both logically and physically, but also how the buffer pool is managed. Examples of a buffer pool property include buffer pool size, size of a buffer in the buffer pool, and the replacement strategy used for a buffer pool (e.g. LRU).
摘要翻译：这里描述了用于分割缓冲器高速缓存用于动态选择缓冲器高速缓存中的缓冲器以存储数据项（诸如DBMS中的数据块）的方法。该选择是基于数据访问和/或使用模式。缓冲区缓存包括多个缓冲池。从多个缓冲池中选择缓冲池以存储数据项。缓冲池的选择基于各种因素，包括存储数据项的可能性将产生未来的缓存命中，以及在缓冲池之间变化的缓冲池的属性。缓冲池的属性不仅包括缓冲池在逻辑和物理上的组织方式，还包括缓冲池的管理方式。缓冲池属性的示例包括缓冲池大小，缓冲池中缓冲区的大小以及用于缓冲池（例如LRU）的替换策略。

22. 发明授权

US06378043B1 Reward based cache management 有权
标题翻译：基于奖励的缓存管理
公开(公告)号：US06378043B1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-23
申请号：US09224381
申请日：1998-12-31
申请人： Mahesh Girkar , Prabuddha Biswas , Ashok Joshi
发明人： Mahesh Girkar , Prabuddha Biswas , Ashok Joshi
IPC分类号： G06F1212
CPC分类号： G06F12/121
摘要： A method and apparatus for buffering is provided. A set of buffers is maintained in an ordered list based on a profit value generated for each buffer. The profit value for a buffer reflects multiple access characteristics of the buffer. The list of buffers is partitioned into divisions referred to as buckets. Each bucket contains a set of buffers and is associated with a subrange of the fall range of profit values that may be generated. The bucket that covers the very top of the list is associated with highest profit value subrange, the bucket that covers the bottom of the list is associated with the lowest profit value subrange. When data is first placed in a buffer, the buffer's position within the buffer list is not immediately based on its profit value. Instead, an access history is first accumulated for the buffer and, once accumulated, the buffer's profit value earns the buffer's place in the list. Specifically, after new data is added to a buffer, it is placed at the insertion point for the list. When the buffer is next accessed, it is placed at the top of list. As other buffers are added to the top of the list above the buffer, the buffer is pushed down the list. As the buffer is pushed down, its access history is updated, but its order within the list is left unchanged. When the buffer reaches a certain position within the list, the buffer's profit value dictates the buffer's place in the list.
摘要翻译：提供一种用于缓冲的方法和装置。基于为每个缓冲器生成的利润值，在一个有序列表中维护一组缓冲区。缓冲区的利润值反映了缓冲区的多个访问特性。缓冲区列表被划分为称为桶的分区。每个桶包含一组缓冲区，并且与可能生成的利润值的下降范围的子范围相关联。覆盖列表顶部的桶与最高利润值子范围相关联，覆盖列表底部的桶与最低利润值子范围相关联。当数据首先放在缓冲区中时，缓冲区在缓冲区列表中的位置不会立即根据其利润值。相反，首先为缓冲区累积访问历史，并且一旦累积了缓冲区的利润值就可以获得缓冲区在列表中的位置。具体来说，在将新数据添加到缓冲区之后，它被放置在列表的插入点处。当下一次访问缓冲区时，它被放置在列表的顶部。由于其他缓冲区被添加到缓冲区上方列表的顶部，缓冲区被按下列表。当缓冲区被按下时，其访问历史记录被更新，但其列表中的顺序保持不变。当缓冲区达到列表中的某个位置时，缓冲区的利润值决定了缓冲区在列表中的位置。

23. 发明授权

US06370619B1 Managing partitioned cache 失效
标题翻译：管理分区缓存
公开(公告)号：US06370619B1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-09
申请号：US09102735
申请日：1998-06-22
申请人： Alexander C. Ho , Ashok Joshi , Gianfranco Putzolu , Juan R. Loaiza , Graham Wood , William H. Bridge, Jr.
发明人： Alexander C. Ho , Ashok Joshi , Gianfranco Putzolu , Juan R. Loaiza , Graham Wood , William H. Bridge, Jr.
IPC分类号： G06F1200
CPC分类号： G06F12/121 , G06F12/0866
摘要： The present invention provides a method and apparatus for partitioning a buffer cache for dynamically mapping data blocks with a particular replacement strategy based on the associated table's access and/or usage patterns. According to the method, a buffer cache in a computer system is managed by dividing the buffer cache into multiple buffer pools. In managing the buffer cache, when a data item is requested, it is first determined whether the requested data item is stored in a buffer within the buffer cache. If the requested data item is not stored in a buffer in the buffer cache, then a particular buffer pool in the buffer cache is dynamically selected for storing the requested data item. Once the particular buffer pool is selected, the requested data item is stored into a buffer in the particular buffer pool.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种用于分割缓冲器高速缓存的方法和装置，用于基于相关联的表的访问和/或使用模式，用特定替换策略动态地映射数据块。根据该方法，通过将缓冲器高速缓存分成多个缓冲池来管理计算机系统中的缓冲区高速缓存。在管理缓冲区高速缓存时，当请求数据项时，首先确定所请求的数据项是否存储在缓冲区高速缓存中的缓冲区中。如果请求的数据项没有存储在缓冲区缓冲区中的缓冲区中，则动态地选择缓冲区高速缓存中的特定缓冲池来存储所请求的数据项。一旦选择了特定的缓冲池，请求的数据项被存储在特定缓冲池中的缓冲区中。

24. 发明申请

US20050070835A1 Device and method for wound therapy 有权
标题翻译：伤口治疗的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US20050070835A1
公开(公告)日：2005-03-31
申请号：US10657820
申请日：2003-09-08
申请人： Ashok Joshi
发明人： Ashok Joshi
IPC分类号： A61F20060101 , A61F13/00 , A61M1/00
CPC分类号： A61M1/0066 , A61M1/009 , A61M2202/0208
摘要： A disposable wound-healing device is disclosed that incorporates a housing having a fluid-impermeable material having a cavity and a perimeter that can be sealed in an air-tight manner over a wound region of a patient. The device is capable of producing a negative pressure over the wound region by either removing oxygen from within the cavity, or absorbing fluid into the cavity and then removing the fluid from the cavity. The oxygen may be removed via chemical absorption, by an electrochemical cell or by a chemical reaction that cannibalizes oxygen from the cavity. The fluid may be removed through the use of osmotic or electro-osmotic cells, or through a one-way valve. The negative partial pressure over the wound region promotes healing.
摘要翻译：公开了一种一次性伤口愈合装置，其包括具有流体不可渗透材料的壳体，该壳体具有空腔和可以气密地密封在患者的伤口区域上的周边。该装置能够通过从空腔内去除氧气或将流体吸入空腔中并且然后从腔体去除流体而在伤口区域上产生负压。氧气可以通过化学吸收，电化学电池或通过使空气中的氧气分解的化学反应来除去。流体可以通过使用渗透或电渗透细胞或通过单向阀去除。伤口区域的负分压促进愈合。

25. 发明申请

US20050023371A1 Device employing gas generating cell for facilitating controlled release of fluid into ambient environment 失效
标题翻译：采用气体发生电池的设备便于将流体控制释放到周围环境中
公开(公告)号：US20050023371A1
公开(公告)日：2005-02-03
申请号：US10868203
申请日：2004-06-14
申请人： Ashok Joshi , Truman Wold , John McEvoy
发明人： Ashok Joshi , Truman Wold , John McEvoy
IPC分类号： A61L9/03 , A61L9/04 , A61L9/12
CPC分类号： A61L9/037 , A61L9/122 , A61L9/127
摘要： A device for controllably releasing a fluid into an ambient environment. According to a particular embodiment of the present invention, the device comprises a housing having a fluid compartment and an orifice compartment disposed adjacent thereto and in fluid communication therewith via an orifice. The fluid compartment contains the fluid for release to the ambient environment. The orifice compartment includes a fluid exit opening covered by a removable sealing element and contains an initial quantity of fluid when the device is in an inactivated state. A fluid restrictor is disposed adjacent the orifice to restrict fluid flow from the fluid compartment into the orifice compartment in the inactivated state. A gas-generating cell is in selective communication with the fluid compartment such that gas generated by the cell is directed into the fluid compartment when the device is in an activated state. A fluid membrane is disposed between the gas-generating cell and the fluid compartment that allows the gas generated by the cell to pass therethrough to the fluid compartment in the activated state while preventing fluid within the fluid container from passing therethrough to the cell in the inactivated state. The device is activated by removing the sealing element to allow the initial quantity of fluid to exit out of the orifice compartment via the fluid exit opening and activating the cell to generate gas and force fluid from the fluid compartment to the orifice compartment and out the fluid exit opening in a controlled manner.
摘要翻译：用于将流体可控地释放到周围环境中的装置。根据本发明的特定实施例，该装置包括具有流体隔室和邻近其设置并通过孔流体连通的孔室的壳体。流体室包含用于释放到周围环境的流体。孔室包括由可移除的密封元件覆盖的流体出口，并且当装置处于非活动状态时包含初始量的流体。流体限制器设置在孔口附近以限制处于非活动状态的流体从流体隔室流入孔室。气体发生电池与流体室选择性地连通，使得当该装置处于激活状态时，电池产生的气体被引导到流体室中。流体膜设置在气体发生池和流体隔室之间，其允许由活化的细胞产生的气体通过其流到腔室中，同时防止流体容器内的流体通过其进入灭活的细胞州。该装置通过移除密封元件而被激活，以允许初始量的流体经由流体出口开口离开孔室，并激活电池以产生气体并迫使流体从流体隔室流到孔室并流出流体以受控的方式出口。

26. 发明申请

US20120175268A1 ELECTROCHEMICAL PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN 有权
标题翻译：电化学生产
公开(公告)号：US20120175268A1
公开(公告)日：2012-07-12
申请号：US13349269
申请日：2012-01-12
申请人： Ashok Joshi , Sai Bhavaraju
发明人： Ashok Joshi , Sai Bhavaraju
IPC分类号： C25B1/02 , C25B9/08 , C25B15/00
CPC分类号： C25B1/10 , C25B1/04 , C25B1/20 , C25B1/24 , C25B9/08 , C25B9/10 , C25B13/04 , C25B15/08 , Y02E60/366 , Y02P20/134
摘要： Electrochemical systems and methods for producing hydrogen. Generally, the systems and methods involve providing an electrochemical cell that includes an anolyte compartment holding an anode in contact with an anolyte, wherein the anolyte includes an oxidizable substance having a higher standard oxidation potential than water. The cell further comprises a catholyte compartment holding a cathode in contact with a catholyte that includes a substance that reduces to form hydrogen. Additionally, the cell includes an alkali cation conductive membrane that separates the anolyte compartment from the catholyte compartment. As an electrical potential passes between the anode and cathode, the reducible substance reduces to form hydrogen and the oxidizable substance oxidizes to form an oxidized product.
摘要翻译：电化学系统和生产氢的方法。通常，所述系统和方法涉及提供一种电化学电池，其包括阳极电解液室，其阳极与阳极电解液接触，其中所述阳极电解质包括具有比水更高的标准氧化电位的可氧化物质。电池进一步包括阴极电解室，其阴极与阴极电解液接触，阴极电解液包括减少形成氢的物质。此外，电池包括将阳极电解液室与阴极电解液隔室分离的碱性阳离子导电膜。当电极通过阳极和阴极之间时，可还原物质减少形成氢气，可氧化物质氧化形成氧化产物。

27. 发明授权

US08032548B2 Efficient network data transfer 有权
标题翻译：高效的网络数据传输
公开(公告)号：US08032548B2
公开(公告)日：2011-10-04
申请号：US11831809
申请日：2007-07-31
申请人： Margaret Susairaj , Sumanta Chatterjee , Ashok Joshi
发明人： Margaret Susairaj , Sumanta Chatterjee , Ashok Joshi
IPC分类号： G06F17/30 , G06F12/00 , G06F15/16
CPC分类号： H04L67/1097 , G06F17/30575 , H04L67/2861
摘要： An approach for providing efficient network data transfer service is provided. In one embodiment, a first database server receives, from a second database server, a first request to access a first storage subsystem. Here, the second database server cannot access first data in the first storage subsystem without another database server transmitting the first data to the second database server. In response, the first database server provides the second database server a first set of access primitives. Using the first set of access primitives, the second database server may access data stored in the first storage subsystem that may be otherwise not accessible. As a result, the first database server receives, from the second database server, a first data access request to access first data stored in the first storage subsystem.
摘要翻译：提供了一种提供高效网络数据传输服务的方法。在一个实施例中，第一数据库服务器从第二数据库服务器接收访问第一存储子系统的第一请求。这里，第二数据库服务器无法访问第一个存储子系统中的第一个数据，而另一个数据库服务器将第一个数据发送到第二个数据库服务器。作为响应，第一数据库服务器向第二数据库服务器提供第一组访问原语。使用第一组访问原语，第二数据库服务器可以访问存储在第一存储子系统中可能以其他方式不可访问的数据。结果，第一数据库服务器从第二数据库服务器接收访问存储在第一存储子系统中的第一数据的第一数据访问请求。

28. 发明申请

US20070113374A1 Toothbrush With Integral Forced Air Apparatus 审中-公开
标题翻译：一体式强制空气器具牙刷
公开(公告)号：US20070113374A1
公开(公告)日：2007-05-24
申请号：US11548470
申请日：2006-10-11
申请人： Ashok Joshi
发明人： Ashok Joshi
IPC分类号： A46B9/04
CPC分类号： A46B15/00 , A46B5/0095 , A46B15/0002 , A46B15/0016 , A46B15/0051 , A46B2200/1066 , A61C17/022 , A61C19/063
摘要： Toothbrushes are provided which provide and direct a flow of air to the head of the brush for delivery to the mouth of a user during use. The toothbrushes may be produced to be modular and capable of being assembled and disassembled as needed, with a power supply, motor, fan, and head portion being replaceable, or they may alternatively be constructed so as to be disposable. The toothbrushes may additionally include a volume of a beneficial agent to be dispensed with the flow of air to change, enhance, or add to the properties of a dentifrice used during brushing. One such beneficial agent may be ozone provided by an ozone chip integrated into the toothbrush.
摘要翻译：提供牙刷，其提供并引导空气流到刷子的头部，以在使用期间输送到使用者的口中。牙刷可以被制造为模块化的，并且能够根据需要被组装和拆卸，电源，电动机，风扇和头部是可更换的，或者它们可以替代地被构造成可弃置的。牙刷可以另外包括一定量的有益剂，以排除空气流以改变，增强或增加刷牙期间使用的洁齿剂的性质。一种这样的有益剂可以是由整合到牙刷中的臭氧芯片提供的臭氧。

29. 发明申请

US20070025890A1 Apparatus and method for administering a therapeutic agent into tissue 有权
标题翻译：将治疗剂施用于组织的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US20070025890A1
公开(公告)日：2007-02-01
申请号：US11193339
申请日：2005-08-01
申请人： Ashok Joshi , James Steppan , Jesse Nachlas
发明人： Ashok Joshi , James Steppan , Jesse Nachlas
IPC分类号： B01J19/08
CPC分类号： A61M5/3129 , A61B17/3478 , A61B2017/00261 , A61M5/286 , A61M5/31511 , A61M37/00 , A61M2005/006 , A61M2005/3132 , A61M2202/0216 , C01B13/02 , C01B13/10 , C25B1/13
摘要： An apparatus for administering a therapeutic is provided. In various embodiments, the apparatus includes a syringe having a barrel and a plunger and having an ozone generator associated therewith. The generator is initiated and a therapeutic gas is accumulated within the barrel, at which point it can be delivered from the barrel into a target site via a needle, thereby delivering therapeutic effects to that target site.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于施用治疗剂的装置。在各种实施例中，该装置包括具有镜筒和柱塞并且具有与其相关联的臭氧发生器的注射器。引发发生器并且治疗气体积聚在枪管内，此时它可以通过针从枪管输送到目标部位，从而将治疗效果传递给目标部位。

30. 发明申请

US20050267233A1 Anti-microbial handle system 审中-公开
标题翻译：抗微生物手柄系统
公开(公告)号：US20050267233A1
公开(公告)日：2005-12-01
申请号：US10852855
申请日：2004-05-25
申请人： Ashok Joshi
发明人： Ashok Joshi
IPC分类号： A01N25/34 , A61K9/70 , A61K33/38 , A61L2/18 , A61L2/20 , A61L2/238 , E05B1/00
CPC分类号： A61L2/18 , A01N25/34 , A61L2/20 , A61L2/238 , E05B1/0069 , A01N59/00 , A01N59/16 , A01N59/20
摘要： An antimicrobial handle system comprising a handle and an antimicrobial component in communication with the handle to impart antimicrobial properties thereto. According to particular aspects of the invention, the antimicrobial component may be in the form of an antimicrobial material integrally formed with the handle; a handle portion made from an antimicrobial material and removably connected to the handle; an antimicrobial coating disposed on the handle; a film disposed on the handle; an ion generator arrangement in communication with the handle; a sterilizing gas generator in communication with the handle; a sterilizing corona generator in communication with the handle; an antimicrobial lightsource in communication with the handle; a fluid dispenser to dispense an antimicrobial fluid onto the handle; or a combination thereof. The antimicrobial component may include an active oxygen releasing material; an active ozone, UV light, Halide gas, silver ion, or Halide ion releasing material; an antimicrobial fluid; or a photoactive material that exhibits antimicrobial properties when exposed to a light source. Other antimicrobial components are also contemplated in accordance with the principles of the present invention.
摘要翻译：一种抗微生物手柄系统，包括手柄和与手柄连通的抗微生物组件以赋予其抗微生物性质。根据本发明的特定方面，抗微生物组分可以是与手柄一体形成的抗微生物材料的形式; 由抗微生物材料制成并可移除地连接到手柄的手柄部分; 设置在手柄上的抗菌涂层; 设在手柄上的胶片; 与手柄连通的离子发生器装置; 与手柄连通的消毒气体发生器; 与把手连通的消毒电晕发生器; 与手柄通信的抗菌光源; 流体分配器，用于将抗微生物流体分配到手柄上; 或其组合。抗微生物组分可以包括释放活性氧的物质; 活性臭氧，紫外光，卤化物气体，银离子或卤化物离子释放材料; 抗菌液体; 或当暴露于光源时具有抗微生物性质的光敏材料。根据本发明的原理，也考虑了其它抗微生物组分。

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