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21. 发明授权

US4773758A Sensor using fiber interferometer 失效
标题翻译：传感器采用光纤干涉仪
公开(公告)号：US4773758A
公开(公告)日：1988-09-27
申请号：US900768
申请日：1986-08-27
申请人： Herbert J. Shaw
发明人： Herbert J. Shaw
IPC分类号： G01D5/353 , G01H9/00 , G01J9/02 , G01B9/02
CPC分类号： G01H9/004 , G01D5/35303 , G01J9/02 , G01J2009/0226
摘要： A closed loop optical fiber interferometer is used in sensing a quantity, Q, by applying a time varying or modulated measure of, Q, asymmetrically to the closed loop (24) and detecting phase shift between two counterpropagating optical signals in the closed loop. The closed loop (24) can be used as the sensing element or a separate sensor (68, 70) can develop a time varying signal which is then applied to the closed loop interferometer.
摘要翻译：闭环光纤干涉仪用于通过对闭环（24）不对称地应用时变或调制测量Q来检测数量Q，并检测闭环中两个反向传播光信号之间的相移。闭环（24）可以用作感测元件，或者单独的传感器（68,70）可以产生随后施加到闭环干涉仪的时变信号。

22. 发明授权

US4495656A Fiber optic word generator 失效
标题翻译：光纤字发生器
公开(公告)号：US4495656A
公开(公告)日：1985-01-22
申请号：US417506
申请日：1982-09-13
申请人： Herbert J. Shaw , Steven A. Newton , John E. Bowers , Kenneth P. Jackson
发明人： Herbert J. Shaw , Steven A. Newton , John E. Bowers , Kenneth P. Jackson
IPC分类号： G02B6/00 , G02B6/28 , G06F5/00 , H04B10/00 , H04B9/00
CPC分类号： H04B10/00 , G02B6/2861
摘要： A digital word generator uses a tap fiber optic delay line to generate a sequence of pulses. The pulses are weighted and combined to produce a digital word.
摘要翻译：数字字发生器使用抽头光纤延迟线来产生脉冲序列。脉冲被加权并组合以产生数字字。

23. 发明授权

US4493528A Fiber optic directional coupler 失效
公开(公告)号：US4493528A
公开(公告)日：1985-01-15
申请号：US139511
申请日：1980-04-11
申请人： Herbert J. Shaw , Ralph A. Bergh
发明人： Herbert J. Shaw , Ralph A. Bergh
IPC分类号： G02B6/28 , G02B6/35 , G02B7/26
CPC分类号： G02B6/3536 , G02B6/2826 , G02B6/283 , G02B6/3594 , Y10S359/90
摘要： Apparatus and method of manufacture for coupling optical power between two strands of fiber optic material in a given direction of propagation. The coupler employs generally parallel, intersecting strands of fiber optic material having the cladding removed on one side thereof to within a few microns of the fiber cores in the region of intersection to permit light transfer between the strands.

24. 再颁专利

USRE34604E Sensor using fiber interferometer 失效
标题翻译：传感器采用光纤干涉仪
公开(公告)号：USRE34604E
公开(公告)日：1994-05-10
申请号：US589061
申请日：1990-09-26
申请人： Herbert J. Shaw
发明人： Herbert J. Shaw
IPC分类号： G01D5/353 , G01H9/00 , G01J9/02 , G01B9/02
CPC分类号： G01D5/35303 , G01H9/004 , G01J9/02 , G01J2009/0226
摘要： A closed loop optical fiber interferometer is used in sensing a quantity, Q, by applying a time varying or modulated measure of, Q, asymmetrically to the closed loop (24) and detecting phase shift between two counterpropagating optical signals in the closed loop. The closed loop (24) can be used in the sensing element or a separate sensor (68, 70) can develop a time varying signal which is then applied to the closed loop interferometer.
摘要翻译：闭环光纤干涉仪用于通过对闭环（24）不对称地应用时变或调制测量Q来检测数量Q，并检测闭环中两个反向传播光信号之间的相移。闭环（24）可以用在感测元件中，或者单独的传感器（68,70）可以产生随后施加到闭环干涉仪的时变信号。

25. 发明授权

US4964131A Broadband optical fiber laser 失效
标题翻译：宽带光纤激光器
公开(公告)号：US4964131A
公开(公告)日：1990-10-16
申请号：US319241
申请日：1989-03-09
申请人： Karen Liu , Byoung Y. Kim , Michel J. F. Digonnet , Kenneth A. Fesler , Herbert J. Shaw
发明人： Karen Liu , Byoung Y. Kim , Michel J. F. Digonnet , Kenneth A. Fesler , Herbert J. Shaw
IPC分类号： G01C19/72 , H01S3/067 , H01S3/094 , H01S3/0941
CPC分类号： G01C19/721 , H01S3/06795 , H01S3/0941 , H01S3/094003
摘要： An optical fiber laser includes a single-mode optical fiber doped with a lasing material such as Neodymium. The optical fiber is pumped with a pump optical signal having a pump wavelength selected to cause spontaneous emission of an optical signal at a second wavelength different from the pump wavelength. The optical fiber is formed into a laser cavity such as by including a suitable reflector at each of the two ends of a suitable length of the optical fiber so that the emitted optical signal oscillates therein. One of the reflectors has a reflectivity at the wavelength of the emitted light so that most (e.g., approximately 95%) of the emitted light is reflected back into the laser cavity and a smaller portion (e.g, approximately 5%) is transmitted through the mirror as a laser output signal. Alternatively, the optical fiber can be formed into a ring laser structure using an optical coupler that couples a substantial portion (e.g., approximately 95%) of the emitted light back into the ring for recirculation therein and provides a smaller portion of the emitted light (e.g., approximately 5%) as a laser output signal. The wavelength of the pump optical signal is selected to be outside the pump variable tuning range of the Neodymium-doped optical fiber (i.e., the range of pump wavelengths which stimulate emitted wavelengths having a average wavelengths with a generally one-to-one correspondence to the pump wavelength). Pumping with a pump signal outside the pump variable tuning ranges causes the emitted light to have a broad spectral envelope of longitudinal modes having emission wavelengths corresponding to substantially all the pump variable tuning range. Thus, by pumping the optical fiber with a single pump wavelength, a broadband laser output signal is generated.
摘要翻译：光纤激光器包括掺杂有诸如钕的激光材料的单模光纤。用选择了泵浦波长的泵浦光信号来泵浦光纤，以引起与泵浦波长不同的第二波长的光信号的自发发射。光纤被形成为激光腔，例如通过在光纤的适当长度的两端中的每一端包括合适的反射器，使得所发射的光信号在其中振荡。反射器中的一个在发射光的波长处具有反射率，使得大部分（例如，大约95％）的发射光被反射回到激光腔中，并且较小的部分（例如，大约5％）通过镜像为激光输出信号。或者，可以使用光耦合器将光纤形成为环形激光器结构，所述光耦合器将发射的光的大部分（例如，大约95％）重新连接到环中以在其中再循环，并且提供较小部分的发射光例如约5％）作为激光输出信号。泵浦光信号的波长被选择在掺杂钕光纤的泵可变调谐范围之外（即，泵浦波长的范围，其激发平均波长与一般一一对应的发射波长泵浦波长）。在泵可变调谐范围之外用泵浦信号泵送使得发射的光具有宽泛的光谱包络，其具有与基本上所有泵可变调谐范围对应的发射波长的纵向模式。因此，通过用单个泵浦波长泵浦光纤，产生宽带激光输出信号。

26. 发明授权

US4938556A Superfluorescent broadband fiber laser source 失效
标题翻译：超荧光宽带光纤激光源
公开(公告)号：US4938556A
公开(公告)日：1990-07-03
申请号：US281088
申请日：1988-12-07
申请人： Michel J. F. Digonnet , Karen Liu , Byoung Y. Kim , Herbert J. Shaw , John J. Fling
发明人： Michel J. F. Digonnet , Karen Liu , Byoung Y. Kim , Herbert J. Shaw , John J. Fling
IPC分类号： H01S3/067 , H01S3/0933 , H01S3/094 , H04B10/17 , H04J14/02
CPC分类号： H04B10/2912 , H01S3/0933 , H01S3/094003 , H04B10/291 , H04J14/02 , H01S3/06787 , H01S3/094011
摘要： A superfluorescent broadband fiber laser source comprises a fiber doped with laser material coupled to a multiplexing coupler. In the preferred embodiment, a source of pumping illumination provides pumping light to the doped fiber, and the coupler is adjusted to have a 0% coupling efficiency at the wavelength of the source. The pumping light is sufficiently intense to produce amplified spontaneous emission within the doped fiber, and gives rise to a forward signal and a backward signal. One of the superfluorescent signals is reflected back to the doped fiber by a reflector cemented to one end of the doped fiber or to one end of another fiber through the coupling function of the coupler. The coupler is adjusted to provide complete coupling at the frequency of the lasing light. The temperature dependence of the coupler can be selected to reduce or cancel the temperature dependence of the superfluorescent signal. Other arrangements utilizing the multiplexing properties of the coupler are also described. An all-fiber reflector can also be used.

27. 发明授权

US4836676A Phase reading fiber optic interferometer 失效
标题翻译：相位读取光纤干涉仪
公开(公告)号：US4836676A
公开(公告)日：1989-06-06
申请号：US946628
申请日：1986-12-29
申请人： Byoung Y. Kim , Herbert J. Shaw
发明人： Byoung Y. Kim , Herbert J. Shaw
IPC分类号： G01C19/72
CPC分类号： G01C19/72
摘要： A system and method for detecting the influence of selected forces on an interferometer over an extended dynamic range. One presently preferred embodiment is disclosed for detecting rotation of an interferometer. In this embodiment, an open-loop, all-fiber-optic gyroscope provides an output signal comprising the phase difference of two light waves which are counterpropagating within the gyroscope, and which are phase modulated at a selected frequency. The phase difference of the light waves is influenced by the rotation rate of the interferometer. The output signal is amplitude modulated at the phase modulation frequency to transpose the optical phase shift into a low frequency electronic phase shift, which is measured using a digital time interval counter. A linear scale factor is achieved through use of this system and method.
摘要翻译：一种用于在扩展动态范围内检测所选力对干涉仪的影响的系统和方法。公开了一种目前优选的实施例，用于检测干涉仪的旋转。在该实施例中，开环全光纤陀螺仪提供包括在陀螺仪内相反传播的两个光波的相位差并且以所选频率进行相位调制的输出信号。光波的相位差受到干涉仪的旋转速度的影响。输出信号以相位调制频率进行幅度调制，以将光相位转换成低频电子相移，其使用数字时间间隔计数器测量。通过使用该系统和方法实现线性比例因子。

28. 发明授权

US4801189A Birefringent fiber narrowband polarization coupler and method of coupling using same 失效
标题翻译：双折射光纤窄带偏振耦合器及其耦合方法
公开(公告)号：US4801189A
公开(公告)日：1989-01-31
申请号：US161375
申请日：1988-02-22
申请人： Herbert J. Shaw , Robert C. Youngquist , Janet L. Brooks
发明人： Herbert J. Shaw , Robert C. Youngquist , Janet L. Brooks
IPC分类号： G02B6/28 , G02B6/34 , G02F1/01 , G02B6/26 , G02B5/30
CPC分类号： G02B6/274 , G02B6/2766 , G02B6/2821 , G02F1/0134 , Y10S359/90
摘要： There is disclosed herein a fiber optic directional coupler for coupling light between two polarization modes. A highly birefringent fiber optic waveguide is positioned on a flat polished surface with either of the principal axes of birefringence oriented at an angle, preferably 45.degree., to the vertical. A ridged block is then pressed down on the fiber. The ridges of the block have longitudinal axes transverse to the longitudinal axis of the fiber. The width of the ridge faces is one-half beat length, and the spacing between the ridges in also one-half beat length. The stressed regions caused by the ridges cause coupling of light traveling in one polarization mode into the other polarization mode by abrupt shifting of the axes of birefringence at the boundaries of the stressed regions.
摘要翻译：这里公开了用于在两个偏振模式之间耦合光的光纤定向耦合器。高度双折射的光纤波导位于平坦抛光表面上，双折射的主轴线与垂直方向成一定角度，最好是45°。然后将一个脊状块压在纤维上。块的脊具有横向于纤维的纵向轴线的纵向轴线。脊面的宽度为半节拍长度，脊之间的间距也为半节拍长度。由脊部引起的应力区域通过在应力区域的边界处的双折射轴的突然移位而导致以一种偏振模式行进的光耦合到另一种偏振模式。

29. 发明授权

US4794598A Synchronously pumped ring fiber Raman laser 失效
标题翻译：同步泵浦环形光纤拉曼激光器
公开(公告)号：US4794598A
公开(公告)日：1988-12-27
申请号：US888170
申请日：1986-07-18
申请人： Emmanuel Desurvire , Herbert J. Shaw
发明人： Emmanuel Desurvire , Herbert J. Shaw
IPC分类号： H01S3/00 , H01S3/06 , H01S3/094 , H01S3/16 , H01S3/30
CPC分类号： H01S3/094026 , H01S3/302
摘要： An all-fiber ring laser has a single, uninterrupted length of single-mode optical fiber that is formed into a loop by using an optical coupler. Pump signal pulses at a first optical wavelength are introduced into one end of the optical fiber. Each pump pulse propagates through the loop formed in the fiber and then exits the fiber. The pump signal pulses excite the molecules of the optical fiber to cause them to go to a higher, unstable energy level. When the molecules return to a lower energy level, photons are emitted at a second optical frequency that has a wavelength that is shifted from the wavelength of the pump signal to form laser signal pulses. The coupler is a multiplexing coupler that has a first coupling ratio at the wavelength of the pump signal and has a second coupling ratio at the wavelength of the emitted optical signal. The first coupling ratio is preferably close to zero and the second coupling coefficient is greater than 0.5. The laser optical signal recirculates in the loop to stimulate further emission of optical energy at the shifted wavelength in phase with the recirculating optical signal. Each pump pulse is timed to enter the optical fiber loop in synchronism with the recirculating laser signal pulse so as to excite the fiber molecules so as to amplify the recirculating signal pulses. The laser signal has a loop transit time related to the time interval between pump pulses such that a multiple of the loop transit time is substantially equal to a multiple of the time interval.
摘要翻译：全光纤环形激光器具有单个不间断长度的单模光纤，其通过使用光耦合器形成环路。在第一光波长的泵浦信号脉冲被引入光纤的一端。每个泵浦脉冲通过形成在光纤中的环路传播，然后离开光纤。泵浦信号脉冲激发光纤的分子，使它们进入更高，不稳定的能级。当分子返回到较低的能量水平时，光子以具有从泵浦信号的波长偏移的波长的第二光学频率发射以形成激光信号脉冲。耦合器是在泵浦信号的波长处具有第一耦合比并且在所发射的光信号的波长处具有第二耦合比的多路耦合器。第一耦合比优选接近零，第二耦合系数大于0.5。激光光信号在环路中再循环以刺激与再循环光信号同相的移动波长的光能的进一步发射。每个泵浦脉冲被定时以与循环激光信号脉冲同步地进入光纤回路，以激发光纤分子，以放大再循环信号脉冲。激光信号具有与泵脉冲之间的时间间隔相关的回路通过时间，使得循环通过时间的倍数基本上等于时间间隔的倍数。

30. 发明授权

US4792207A Single mode fiber optic single sideband modulator and method of frequency shifting using same 失效
标题翻译：单模光纤单边带调制器和使用相同方式进行频移
公开(公告)号：US4792207A
公开(公告)日：1988-12-20
申请号：US50762
申请日：1987-05-15
申请人： Herbert J. Shaw , Robert C. Youngquist , Janet L. Brooks
发明人： Herbert J. Shaw , Robert C. Youngquist , Janet L. Brooks
IPC分类号： G02B6/28 , G02F1/01 , G02F1/125 , G02B6/02 , G02B5/30 , G02F1/11
CPC分类号： G02F1/0134 , G02B6/2821 , G02F1/125 , Y10S359/90
摘要： A fiber optic frequency shifter comprising two waveguides having different indices of refraction. In some embodiments the waveguides are two modes of propagation in one fiber. Plural distributed coupling ridges, or electrodes mounted adjacent piezoelectric materials, are independently driven to apply sinusoidally varying forces to the fiber. In some embodiments, the phase relationship of the driving signals for the electrodes or ridges is such that a travelling acoustic wave is launched in the fiber. In other embodiments, regions of stress in the fiber are created by an acoustic wave coupled into the fiber from a transducer coupled to an acoustic medium surrounding the fiber. The input carrier light is shifted in frequency by the frequency of the acoustic wave.
摘要翻译：一种光纤移频器，包括具有不同折射率的两个波导。在一些实施例中，波导是在一个光纤中的两种传播模式。多个分布耦合脊或邻近压电材料安装的电极被独立地驱动以向光纤施加正弦变化的力。在一些实施例中，用于电极或脊的驱动信号的相位关系使得行进声波在光纤中发射。在其他实施例中，光纤中的应力区域是由耦合到围绕光纤的声学介质的传感器耦合到光纤中的声波产生的。输入载波的频率以声波的频率移动。

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