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11. 发明授权

US6048188A Stereolithographic curl reduction 失效
标题翻译：立体光刻卷曲减少
公开(公告)号：US6048188A
公开(公告)日：2000-04-11
申请号：US106950
申请日：1998-06-30
申请人： Charles W. Hull , Stuart T. Spence , Charles W. Lewis , Wayne S. Vinson , Raymond S. Freed , Dennis R. Smalley
发明人： Charles W. Hull , Stuart T. Spence , Charles W. Lewis , Wayne S. Vinson , Raymond S. Freed , Dennis R. Smalley
IPC分类号： B29C67/00 , B44B1/00 , G01J1/42 , G03F7/00 , G03F7/20 , G06T17/00 , G06T17/10 , G06T17/20 , B29C35/08 , B29C41/02 , B29C41/52
CPC分类号： B29C67/0066 , B29C67/0092 , B44B1/006 , G01J1/4257 , G03F7/0037 , G03F7/70416 , G06T17/00 , G06T17/10 , G06T17/20 , G05B2219/49013
摘要： An improved stereolithography system for generating a three-dimensional object by creating a cross-sectional pattern of the object to formed at a selected surface of a fluid medium capable of altering its physical state in response to appropriate synergistic stimulation by impinging radiation, particle bombardment or chemical reaction, information defining the object being structurally specified to reduce curl, stress and distortion in the ultimately formed object, the successive adjacent laminae, representing corresponding successive adjacent cross-sections of the object, being automatically formed and integrated together to provide a step-wise laminar buildup of the desired object, whereby a three-dimensional object is formed and drawn from a substantially planar surface of the fluid medium during the forming process. A stereolithographic distortion known as curl is defined, and several techniques to eliminate or reduce curl are described, including dashed line, bent line, secondary structure, rivets, and multi-pass techniques. In addition, a quantitative measurement of curl known as the curl factor, and a test part known as a quarter cylinder are described, which together can be used to measure the effectiveness of the above techniques in reducing curl.
摘要翻译：一种用于产生三维物体的改进的立体光刻系统，其通过在物体的横截面图形上形成，以形成在流体介质的选定表面上，该液体介质能够响应于通过撞击辐射，粒子轰击或者对其进行适当的协同刺激而改变其物理状态化学反应，定义物体的信息在结构上被规定以减少最终形成的物体中的卷曲，应力和变形，代表对象的相应连续的相邻横截面的连续相邻层被自动形成并集成在一起，从而在成形过程中从流体介质的基本上平坦的表面形成三维物体并从其中抽出三维物体。定义了称为卷曲的立体光刻变形，描述了消除或减少卷曲的若干技术，包括虚线，弯曲线，二次结构，铆钉和多遍技术。此外，描述了称为卷曲因子的卷曲的定量测量，以及被称为四分之一圆筒的测试部件，它们可以一起用于测量上述减少卷曲技术的有效性。

12. 发明授权

US5104592A Method of and apparatus for production of three-dimensional objects by stereolithography with reduced curl 失效
标题翻译：通过具有减少CURL的立体成像生产三维物体的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5104592A
公开(公告)日：1992-04-14
申请号：US339246
申请日：1989-04-17
申请人： Charles W. Hull , Stuart T. Spence , Charles W. Lewis , Wayne A. Vinson , Raymond S. Freed , Dennis R. Smalley
发明人： Charles W. Hull , Stuart T. Spence , Charles W. Lewis , Wayne A. Vinson , Raymond S. Freed , Dennis R. Smalley
IPC分类号： B29C35/08 , B29C67/00 , B29K105/24 , B44B1/00 , G03F7/00 , G03F7/20 , G06F17/50
CPC分类号： B29C67/0066 , B29C67/0092 , B44B1/006 , G03F7/0037 , G03F7/70416
摘要： An improved sterolithography system for generating a three-dimensional object from object defining information, the information defining the object being structurally specified to reduce curl, stress and distortion in the ultimately formed object is described. A stereolithographic distortion known as curl is reduced by the system, and several techniques to eliminate or reduce curl are utilized by the system, including dashed line, bent line, secondary structure, rivets, and multi-pass techniques.

13. 发明授权

US5772947A Stereolithographic curl reduction 失效
公开(公告)号：US5772947A
公开(公告)日：1998-06-30
申请号：US473829
申请日：1995-06-07
申请人： Charles W. Hull , Stuart T. Spence , Charles W. Lewis , Wayne Vinson , Raymond S. Freed , Dennis R. Smalley
发明人： Charles W. Hull , Stuart T. Spence , Charles W. Lewis , Wayne Vinson , Raymond S. Freed , Dennis R. Smalley
IPC分类号： B29C67/00 , B44B1/00 , G01J1/42 , G03F7/00 , G03F7/20 , G06T17/00 , G06T17/10 , G06T17/20 , B29C35/08 , B29C41/02
CPC分类号： B29C67/0066 , B29C67/0092 , B44B1/006 , G01J1/4257 , G03F7/0037 , G03F7/70416 , G06T17/00 , G06T17/10 , G06T17/20 , G05B2219/49013
摘要： An improved stereolithography system for generating a three-dimensional object by creating a cross-sectional pattern of the object to formed at a selected surface of a fluid medium capable of altering its physical state in response to appropriate synergistic stimulation by impinging radiation, particle bombardment or chemical reaction, information defining the object being structurally specified to reduce curl, stress and distortion in the ultimately formed object, the successive adjacent laminae, representing corresponding successive adjacent cross-sections of the object, being automatically formed and integrated together to provide a step-wise laminar buildup of the desired object, whereby a three-dimensional object is formed and drawn from a substantially planar surface of the fluid medium during the forming process. A stereolithographic distortion known as curl is defined, and several techniques to eliminate or reduce curl are described, including dashed line, bent line, secondary structure, rivets, and multi-pass techniques. In addition, a quantitative measurement of curl known as the curl factor, and a test part known as a quarter cylinder are described, which together can be used to measure the effectiveness of the above techniques in reducing curl.

14. 发明授权

US5164128A Methods for curing partially polymerized parts 失效
标题翻译：固化部分聚合部件的方法
公开(公告)号：US5164128A
公开(公告)日：1992-11-17
申请号：US679416
申请日：1991-04-02
申请人： Borzo Modrek , Brent Parker , Stuart T. Spence
发明人： Borzo Modrek , Brent Parker , Stuart T. Spence
IPC分类号： B29C67/00
CPC分类号： B29C67/0066 , B29K2995/0073 , G05B2219/49013
摘要： An improved stereolithography system and method for curing a stereolithography-produced part, including at least some material that is no more than partially transformed, by exposing the part to off-peak absorptive wavelengths of synergistic stimulation to achieve a more uniform cure.
摘要翻译：一种改进的立体光刻系统和方法，用于固化立体光刻产生的部分，包括至少一些不超过部分转化的材料，通过将该部分暴露于协同刺激的非峰值吸收波长以实现更均匀的固化。

15. 发明授权

US5076974A Methods of curing partially polymerized parts 失效
标题翻译：固化部分聚合物的方法
公开(公告)号：US5076974A
公开(公告)日：1991-12-31
申请号：US268429
申请日：1988-11-08
申请人： Borzo Modrek , Brent Parker , Stuart T. Spence
发明人： Borzo Modrek , Brent Parker , Stuart T. Spence
IPC分类号： B29C35/08 , B29C67/00 , B29K105/24
CPC分类号： B29C67/0066 , G05B2219/49013 , Y10S522/91
摘要： An improved stereolithography system and method for curing a stereolithographically-produced part, including at least some material that is no more than partially transformed, by exposing the part to off-peak-absorptive wavelengths of synergistic stimulation to achieve a more uniform cure.

16. 发明授权

US5495328A Apparatus and method for calibrating and normalizing a stereolithographic apparatus 失效
公开(公告)号：US5495328A
公开(公告)日：1996-02-27
申请号：US160078
申请日：1993-11-30
申请人： Stuart T. Spence , Thomas A. Almquist , Harry L. Tarnoff , Warren Juran
发明人： Stuart T. Spence , Thomas A. Almquist , Harry L. Tarnoff , Warren Juran
IPC分类号： B29C67/00 , G01J1/42 , G03F7/00 , G03F7/20 , G06T17/00 , G06T17/10 , G06T17/20 , G01J1/00 , B28B17/00
CPC分类号： B29C67/0066 , G01J1/4257 , G03F7/0037 , G03F7/70416 , G06T17/00 , G06T17/10 , G06T17/20 , G05B2219/49013
摘要： An apparatus and a method for calibrating and normalizing a stereolithographic apparatus so that a reaction means directed by a positioning means supplied with positioning means information may be positioned accurately on a designated surface of a working medium. One or more sensors fixed in location with respect to the designated surface of the working medium are utilized to correlate positioning means information with specific locations on the designated surface of the working medium. Other locations intermediate the specific locations may then be determined by the technique of linear interpolation.

17. 发明授权

US5133987A Stereolithographic apparatus and method 失效
标题翻译：立体光刻设备和方法
公开(公告)号：US5133987A
公开(公告)日：1992-07-28
申请号：US427885
申请日：1989-10-27
申请人： Stuart T. Spence , Charles W. Lewis , Mark A. Lewis
发明人： Stuart T. Spence , Charles W. Lewis , Mark A. Lewis
IPC分类号： G02B26/10 , B23K26/04 , B29C35/08 , B29C67/00 , B29K105/24
CPC分类号： B29C67/0066 , B23K26/04 , B23K26/043
摘要： A stereolithographic device and method including a process module, a control module and a service module. A laser is employed through a dynamic mirror system controlled by the control module to generate solidified cross sections of a selected part design on the surface of a photocurable polymer liquid. By lowering cured cross sections into the vat, additional cross sections can be perpared and joined therewith to define a prototype product. A stationary mirror in the beam path between the dynamic mirror system and the photocurable polymer is employed to make the system more compact and practical. A calibration and normalization process provides correction to distortions and misalignment of the stationary mirror.
摘要翻译：一种包括处理模块，控制模块和服务模块的立体光刻设备和方法。通过由控制模块控制的动态反射镜系统采用激光，以在光固化聚合物液体的表面上产生所选部分设计的凝固横截面。通过将固化的横截面降低到大桶中，可以增加另外的横截面并与之连接以限定原型产品。使用动态反射镜系统和光固化聚合物之间的光束路径中的静止反射镜来使系统更紧凑和实用。校正和归一化过程提供对固定镜的失真和未对准的校正。

18. 发明授权

US5058988A Apparatus and method for profiling a beam 失效
标题翻译：光束成像装置及方法
公开(公告)号：US5058988A
公开(公告)日：1991-10-22
申请号：US268816
申请日：1988-11-08
申请人： Stuart T. Spence
发明人： Stuart T. Spence
IPC分类号： B29C67/00 , G01J1/42 , G03F7/00 , G03F7/20 , G06T17/00 , G06T17/10 , G06T17/20
CPC分类号： B29C67/0066 , B29C67/0092 , G01J1/4257 , G03F7/0037 , G03F7/70416 , G06T17/00 , G06T17/10 , G06T17/20 , G05B2219/49013
摘要： An apparatus and a method for profiling the intensity of a beam and thus measuring the overall intensity and power of a beam are disclosed that have particular use in stereolithography. A beam sensor comprising a pinhole in a plate and a photodetector behind the pinhole measures the intensity of portions of a beam as the beam is moved over the beam sensor. Software associated with the sensors in a computer controls the scanning mechanism for the beam so that the beam is shifted to find the pinhole and move across it in order to develope the intensity profile. The invention can be used to detect drift in the scanning mechanism, determine the focus of the beam, and predict the depth and width of photopolymer cured by the beam.
摘要翻译：公开了一种在立体光刻技术中特别使用的用于对光束的强度进行成像并因此测量光束的总体强度和功率的装置和方法。包括板中的针孔和针孔后面的光电检测器的光束传感器在光束在光束传感器上移动时测量光束的部分的强度。与计算机中的传感器相关联的软件控制光束的扫描机构，使得光束被移动以找到针孔并在其上移动以便发展强度分布。本发明可用于检测扫描机构中的漂移，确定光束的焦点，并预测由光束固化的光聚合物的深度和宽度。

19. 发明授权

US5182056A Stereolithography method and apparatus employing various penetration depths 失效
标题翻译：采用各种穿透深度的立体光刻方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5182056A
公开(公告)日：1993-01-26
申请号：US429911
申请日：1989-10-27
申请人： Stuart T. Spence , Dennis R. Smalley
发明人： Stuart T. Spence , Dennis R. Smalley
IPC分类号： B29C67/00 , G01J1/42 , G03F7/00 , G03F7/20 , G06T17/00 , G06T17/10 , G06T17/20
CPC分类号： B29C67/0066 , B29C67/0092 , G01J1/4257 , G03F7/0037 , G03F7/70416 , G06T17/00 , G06T17/10 , G06T17/20 , G05B2219/49013
摘要： An improved stereolithographic apparatus (SLA) and an improved method for generating a part from curable material. The invention utilizes control and/or knowledge of depths of penetration of actinic radiation into a vat of photopolymer to determine and/or control and/or produce desirable characteristics associated with the creation of parts. From a predictive point of view, these desirable characteristics may include determination of cure depth from a given exposure, determination cure width, determination of required minimum surface angle (MSA), determination of optimum skin fill spacing, the strength of cross sections of partially polymerized material, amount of curl type distortion, and necessary overcure to attain adhesion between layers, etc. These determinations can lead to the use of particular building techniques to insure adequate part formation. From the controlling and producing point of view, the penetration depths can be controlled to obtain optimized characteristics for a given layer thickness, maximized speed of drawing, minimized print through, maximized strength, minimum curl and other distortions, and maximum resolution, etc. An important aspect of the present invention is the integration of resin characteristics, with the depth of penetration associated with the particular resin being used and the wavelength(s) of actinic radiation being used to solidify it, and with the intensity profile of the beam of actinic radiation as it strikes the resin surface.
摘要翻译：改进的立体光刻设备（SLA）和用于由可固化材料产生部件的改进方法。本发明利用光化学辐射穿透深度的控制和/或知识来测定和/或控制和/或产生与零件的产生相关的期望特征。从预测的角度来看，这些期望的特征可以包括从给定的曝光确定固化深度，确定固化宽度，确定所需的最小表面角（MSA），确定最佳的皮肤填充间距，部分聚合的横截面的强度材料，卷曲类型变形的量，以及必需的过度固化以获得层之间的粘附等。这些确定可以导致使用特定的建筑技术来确保足够的部件形成。从控制和产生的角度来看，可以控制穿透深度，以获得给定层厚度，拉伸速度最大化，最小化印刷通过，最大强度，最小卷曲和其他变形以及最大分辨率等的优化特性。本发明的重要方面是树脂特性与所使用的特定树脂相关的渗透深度和用于固化它的光化辐射的波长以及光化学束强度分布的整合辐射随着树脂表面的撞击。

20. 发明授权

US06724420B2 Portable film conversion device 失效
标题翻译：便携式电影转换装置
公开(公告)号：US06724420B2
公开(公告)日：2004-04-20
申请号：US09747291
申请日：2000-12-21
申请人： Stuart T. Spence , Harry L. Tarnoff
发明人： Stuart T. Spence , Harry L. Tarnoff
IPC分类号： H04N947
CPC分类号： H04N5/253 , G11B27/028 , G11B27/034 , G11B27/10 , G11B2220/218 , G11B2220/2545 , G11B2220/2562 , H04N1/12 , H04N3/38
摘要： A lamp, a film guide, and a photosensitive detector are combined into an optical system contained in a portable device that generates electrical signals representing images recorded on motion picture film. The film guide has a surface proximate to the motion picture with an aperture therein through which light from the lamp passes to image the film on the photosensitive detector. A digital processor, which is electrically connected to the photosensitive detector processes an electronic signal output by the photosensitive detector. To provide compactness, the optical system has a folded path comprising three segments each separately mounted on a different surface. The first segment includes the lamp, the second includes the film guide, and the third includes the photosensitive detector. An optical detector positioned so as to receive light from the lamp enables adjusting the device when the device is moved to a location where the temperature and other environmental conditions change. This configuration also finds use when the device is located in an environment whose temperature remains consistently hot.
摘要翻译：将灯，胶片导向器和光敏检测器组合成包含在便携式设备中的光学系统，该便携式设备产生表示记录在电影胶片上的图像的电信号。胶片引导件具有靠近运动图像的表面，其中具有孔，来自灯的光通过该孔通过以使感光检测器上的膜成像。与光敏检测器电连接的数字处理器处理由光敏检测器输出的电子信号。为了提供紧凑性，光学系统具有包括分别安装在不同表面上的三个段的折叠路径。第一段包括灯，第二段包括膜引导件，第三段包括光敏检测器。定位成接收来自灯的光的光学检测器能够在装置移动到温度和其他环境条件改变的位置时调节该装置。当设备位于温度保持不变的环境中时，也可以使用此配置。

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