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11. 发明申请

US20060173342A1 Method and apparatus for improving the performance of capacitive acoustic transducers using bias polarity control and multiple firings 有权
标题翻译：用于改善使用偏置极性控制和多次发射的电容式声换能器的性能的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20060173342A1
公开(公告)日：2006-08-03
申请号：US10819094
申请日：2004-04-05
申请人： Satchi Panda , Paul Wagner , Christopher Daft , Igal Ladabaum
发明人： Satchi Panda , Paul Wagner , Christopher Daft , Igal Ladabaum
IPC分类号： A61B8/06 , A61B8/14
CPC分类号： G01S15/8959 , B06B1/0292 , G01S7/52038 , G01S7/52047 , G01S7/52077 , G01S15/8909 , G01S15/8995
摘要： Presented is a method of operating a capacitive microfabricated ultrasonic transducer (cMUT) array with multiple firings of varying bias voltage polarity patterns to improve its performance in imaging non-linear media, such as in contrast agent imaging or tissue harmonic imaging. Additionally, transducers incorporating the method are provided. The method of cMUT operation and the corresponding cMUT does not require pre-distortion or phase inversion of the transmit signal and can achieve an improvement in the elevation focus of the cMUT, as compared to the elevation focus that a single firing can achieve. Further, the method of operating the cMUT minimizes the deleterious effects that result from insulators being subjected to high electric fields.
摘要翻译：提出了一种操作具有改变的偏置电压极性图案的多次发射的电容微型超声波换能器（cMUT）阵列的方法，以提高其在成像非线性介质中的性能，例如对比剂成像或组织谐波成像。另外，提供了包含该方法的换能器。与单次点火可以实现的高程焦点相比，cMUT操作的方法和相应的cMUT不需要发射信号的预失真或相位反转，并且可以实现cMUT的高程焦点的改善。此外，操作cMUT的方法使由绝缘子经受高电场导致的有害影响最小化。

12. 发明申请

US20070242567A1 Multi-dimensional CMUT array with integrated beamformation 有权
标题翻译：具有集成波束形成的多维CMUT阵列
公开(公告)号：US20070242567A1
公开(公告)日：2007-10-18
申请号：US11788614
申请日：2007-04-20
申请人： Christopher Daft , D-L Liu , Paul Wagner , Igal Ladabaum
发明人： Christopher Daft , D-L Liu , Paul Wagner , Igal Ladabaum
IPC分类号： H04R1/00
CPC分类号： G01S15/8997 , A61B8/12 , A61B8/4472 , A61B8/4483 , A61B8/4488 , A61B8/483 , G01S7/52046 , G01S7/5208 , G01S15/8925 , G01S15/8927 , G01S15/8977 , G10K11/346
摘要： To generate information representing a volume, co-arrays or synthetic transmit aperture process is performed in one dimension and beamforming is performed in another dimension. For example, a transmit aperture focuses in azimuth, but is unfocused or divergent in elevation. A multi-dimensional array receives reflected echoes. The echoes are beamformed for sub-arrays for focus in azimuth. The resulting partial beamformed information is provided to an imaging system from the probe housing for completion of beamforming at least in elevation.
摘要翻译：为了产生表示音量的信息，在一个维度中执行共阵列或合成发射孔径处理，并且在另一维度上执行波束成形。例如，发射光圈聚焦在方位角，但是在高度上没有聚焦或发散。多维阵列接收反射回波。回波被波束形成用于方位角焦点的子阵列。所得到的部分波束形成信息被提供给来自探针外壳的成像系统，用于至少在高度上完成波束形成。

13. 发明申请

US20070167752A1 Ultrasound imaging transducer array for synthetic aperture 有权
标题翻译：用于合成孔径的超声成像换能器阵列
公开(公告)号：US20070167752A1
公开(公告)日：2007-07-19
申请号：US11295794
申请日：2005-12-07
申请人： Timothy Proulx , Christopher Daft , J. Mohr , Walter Wilser , Charles Bradley , Paul Wagner , Igal Ladabaum
发明人： Timothy Proulx , Christopher Daft , J. Mohr , Walter Wilser , Charles Bradley , Paul Wagner , Igal Ladabaum
IPC分类号： A61B8/00
CPC分类号： G01S7/52095 , A61B8/483 , G01S15/892 , G01S15/8925 , G01S15/8927 , G01S15/8959 , G01S15/8995 , G01S15/8997
摘要： Synthetic transmit aperture is provided for three-dimensional ultrasound imaging. A transducer may have separate transmit and receive elements. Broad beams are transmitted, allowing fewer transmit elements and/or more rapid scanning. A multidimensional receive array generates data in response to sequential transmissions, such as transmissions from different angles. The data is combined to increase resolution. A transducer array with offset transmit elements for forming a transmit line source may be used.
摘要翻译：为三维超声成像提供合成发射孔径。传感器可以具有单独的发射和接收元件。传输宽波束，允许更少的发射元件和/或更快速的扫描。多维接收阵列响应于顺序传输产生数据，例如来自不同角度的传输。数据被组合以提高分辨率。可以使用具有用于形成发射线源的偏移发射元件的换能器阵列。

14. 发明授权

US07824338B2 Apparatus for two-dimensional transducers used in three-dimensional ultrasonic imaging 有权
标题翻译：用于三维超声成像的二维换能器的装置
公开(公告)号：US07824338B2
公开(公告)日：2010-11-02
申请号：US12233403
申请日：2008-09-18
申请人： Christopher M. Daft , Igal Ladabaum
发明人： Christopher M. Daft , Igal Ladabaum
IPC分类号： A61B8/00 , H01L41/113
CPC分类号： G01S15/8925 , G01S7/52023 , G01S15/8993
摘要： A single chip transducer apparatus that includes on-chip electronic circuitry which, when connected properly to a two-dimensional matrix of ultrasonic transducer elements, provides enough information to an external imaging system to form three-dimensional images of the subject of interest. In a preferred embodiment, the circuitry provides an amplifier for each transducer element, and then conditions the output of the amplifier in several ways. In one embodiment of the invention, the elements' analog voltages are stored in a sample and hold circuit, and time multiplexed into a high speed line driver that sends many elements data down the interconnect to the system's high speed Analog to Digital converters. In another embodiment, the gain of the amplifiers can be controlled in time to provide aperture translation and time based expansion for translating and focusing image slices in the elevation direction.
摘要翻译：一种单芯片换能器装置，其包括片上电子电路，当与外部成像系统的二维矩阵正确连接时，其提供足够的信息以形成感兴趣对象的三维图像。在优选实施例中，电路为每个换能器元件提供放大器，然后以多种方式调节放大器的输出。在本发明的一个实施例中，元件的模拟电压被存储在采样和保持电路中，并且被时分复用到高速线路驱动器中，该高速线路驱动器将互连处的许多元件数据发送到系统的高速模数转换器。在另一个实施例中，可以及时控制放大器的增益以提供孔径平移和基于时间的扩展，用于在高程方向上平移和聚焦图像切片。

15. 发明授权

US07635332B2 System and method of operating microfabricated ultrasonic transducers for harmonic imaging 失效
标题翻译：用于谐波成像的微型超声波换能器的操作和方法
公开(公告)号：US07635332B2
公开(公告)日：2009-12-22
申请号：US10958626
申请日：2004-10-04
申请人： Igal Ladabaum , Satchi Panda
发明人： Igal Ladabaum , Satchi Panda
IPC分类号： A61B8/00
CPC分类号： G01S15/8925 , B06B1/0215 , B06B1/0292 , B06B2201/51 , B06B2201/76 , G01S7/52038 , G01S7/52085 , G01S15/8959 , G01S15/8963
摘要： A capacitive microfabricated ultrasonic transducer (cMUT) is operated to improve its performance during harmonic imaging in non-linear media, such as in contrast agents or in human tissue. The cMUT is operated by inverting the transmit waveform to adjacently spaced azimuth elements, and combining at least two additional firings without adjacent inversion, for each transmit vector, thereby canceling the second harmonic generation of the cMUT; and thus, the performance of harmonic imaging using the cMUTs can achieve improvement.
摘要翻译：操作电容式微制造超声波换能器（cMUT）以改善其在诸如造影剂或人体组织的非线性介质中的谐波成像期间的性能。 cMUT通过将发射波形反向相邻间隔的方位角元件进行操作，并且对于每个发射矢量组合至少两个没有相邻反转的附加发射，从而消除cMUT的二次谐波产生; 因此，使用cMUT的谐波成像的性能可以实现改善。

16. 发明申请

US20090080292A1 Microfabricated acoustic transducer with a multilayer electrode 有权
标题翻译：具有多层电极的微型声学换能器
公开(公告)号：US20090080292A1
公开(公告)日：2009-03-26
申请号：US11903329
申请日：2007-09-20
申请人： Paul A. Wagner , Igal Ladabaum , Kathy J. Jackson
发明人： Paul A. Wagner , Igal Ladabaum , Kathy J. Jackson
IPC分类号： H04R19/00 , H04R31/00 , H01G7/00
CPC分类号： B81B3/0021 , B06B1/0292 , B81B2201/0257 , Y10T29/43 , Y10T29/49005
摘要： In a capacitive membrane ultrasound transducer, one or more electrodes include multiple layers of conductive or semiconductive material. The layers may be positioned adjacent an insulator or cavity in an arrangement to reduce electrical degradation. For example, a conductive layer with less work function and less resistivity is spaced from an insulator by a conductive layer with more work function and more resistivity. The different layers of electrode material may provide for less electrical degradation due to the type of material used and relative location.
摘要翻译：在电容膜超声换能器中，一个或多个电极包括多层导电或半导体材料。层可以在布置中邻近绝缘体或空腔定位以减少电气劣化。例如，具有较小功函数和较小电阻率的导电层通过具有更多功函数和更大电阻率的导电层与绝缘体隔开。电极材料的不同层可以由于所用材料的类型和相对位置而提供更少的电气降解。

17. 发明申请

US20080313883A1 Method of Minimizing Inter-Element Signals for Transducers 有权
标题翻译：最小化传感器元件间信号的方法
公开(公告)号：US20080313883A1
公开(公告)日：2008-12-25
申请号：US12099581
申请日：2008-04-08
申请人： Igal Ladabaum
发明人： Igal Ladabaum
IPC分类号： H04R31/00
CPC分类号： B06B1/0292 , Y10T29/49002 , Y10T29/49005 , Y10T29/4908
摘要： The present invention provides a method of packaging surface microfabricated transducers such that electrical connections, protection, and relevant environmental exposure are realized prior to their separation into discrete components. The packaging method also isolates elements of array transducers. Post processing of wafers consisting of transducers only on the top few microns of the wafer surface can be used to create a wafer scale packaging solution. By spinning or otherwise depositing polymeric and metallic thin and thick films, and by lithographically defining apertures and patterns on such films, transducers can be fully packaged prior to the final dicing steps that would separate the packaged transducers from each other. In the case of microfabricated ultrasonic transducers, such packaging layers can also enable flexible transducers and eliminate or curtail the acoustic cross-coupling that can occur between array elements.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种包装表面微加工的换能器的方法，使得在分离成离散部件之前实现电连接，保护和相关的环境暴露。封装方法也隔离阵列换能器的元件。可以使用仅在晶片表面的最上面几微米处由换能器构成的晶片的后处理来制造晶片级封装解决方案。通过旋转或以其他方式沉积聚合物和金属薄膜和厚膜，并且通过在这些膜上光刻地限定孔和图案，换能器可以在将封装的换能器彼此分离的最终切割步骤之前被完全包装。在微细超声波换能器的情况下，这种包装层还可以实现灵活的换能器并且消除或限制阵列元件之间可能出现的声学交叉耦合。

18. 发明授权

US07332850B2 Microfabricated ultrasonic transducers with curvature and method for making the same 有权
标题翻译：具有弯曲的微型超声波换能器和制造相同的方法
公开(公告)号：US07332850B2
公开(公告)日：2008-02-19
申请号：US10367112
申请日：2003-02-10
申请人： Igal Ladabaum , Samuel H. Maslak
发明人： Igal Ladabaum , Samuel H. Maslak
IPC分类号： H01L41/08
CPC分类号： B06B1/0633 , B06B1/0292 , Y10T29/42 , Y10T29/49002 , Y10T29/49005 , Y10T29/4908 , Y10T29/49117 , Y10T29/49126
摘要： The present invention provides a microfabricated ultrasonic transducers with curvature. The curvature is made possible by thinning the substrate such that it is flexible enough to be mounted on an assembly with the desired curvature. In one aspect of the invention, the substrate can contain electronic circuits. In another aspect, the assembly mounting can incorporate curved damping materials that serve to remove undesirable substrate modes.
摘要翻译：本发明提供一种具有曲率的微细超声换能器。通过使衬底变薄使得其具有足够的柔性以便安装在具有所需曲率的组件上，使曲率成为可能。在本发明的一个方面中，基板可以包含电子电路。在另一方面，组件安装可以包括用于去除不期望的衬底模式的弯曲阻尼材料。

19. 发明申请

US20050119575A1 Microfabricated ultrasonic transducer array for 3-D imaging and method of operating the same 有权
标题翻译：微型超声波换能器阵列用于3-D成像及其操作方法
公开(公告)号：US20050119575A1
公开(公告)日：2005-06-02
申请号：US10959665
申请日：2004-10-04
申请人： Igal Ladabaum , Satchi Panda , Christopher Daft
发明人： Igal Ladabaum , Satchi Panda , Christopher Daft
IPC分类号： A61B8/14 , B06B1/02 , G01S15/89
CPC分类号： B06B1/0292 , G01S15/8925 , G01S15/8993
摘要： A capacitive microfabricated transducer array used for 3-D imaging, with a relatively large elevation dimension and a bias control of the elevation aperture in space and time, confers the same benefits of mechanical translation, except that image cross-sections are electronically rather than mechanically scanned, and are registered very accurately in space. The 3-D cMUT, when combined with elevation bias control and convex curvature in elevation, increases the volume interrogated by the electronic scanning, thus improving field of view. Further still, the 3-D cMUT can be combined Fresnel focusing of the elevation section to improve the elevation focus.
摘要翻译：用于3-D成像的电容微制造传感器阵列具有相对较大的仰角尺寸和空间和时间上的高程孔径的偏置控制，赋予机械平移同样的优点，除了图像横截面是电子的而不是机械的扫描，并在太空中非常准确地注册。 3-D cMUT与高程偏置控制和仰角凸曲线组合时，增加了电子扫描询问的音量，从而改善了视野。此外，3-D cMUT可以组合海拔部分的菲涅耳聚焦以提高仰角。

20. 发明授权

US06862254B2 Microfabricated ultrasonic transducer with suppressed substrate modes 失效
标题翻译：具有抑制衬底模式的微型超声波换能器
公开(公告)号：US06862254B2
公开(公告)日：2005-03-01
申请号：US09971095
申请日：2001-10-03
申请人： Igal Ladabaum , Paul A. Wagner
发明人： Igal Ladabaum , Paul A. Wagner
IPC分类号： B06B1/02 , B06B1/06 , H04R17/00
CPC分类号： B06B1/0681 , B06B2201/76
摘要： The present invention provides a microfabricated acoustic transducer with suppressed substrate modes. The modes are suppressed by either thinning the substrate such that a longitudinal ringing mode occurs outside of the frequency band of interest or by applying a judiciously designed damping material on the backside of the transducer substrate.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种具有抑制衬底模式的微制造声学换能器。通过使衬底变薄来抑制这些模式，使得纵向振铃模式发生在感兴趣的频带之外，或通过在换能器基板的背面施加明智地设计的阻尼材料。

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