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11. 发明授权

US4463729A Method and apparatus for controlling fuel injection timing in a compression ignition engine 失效
标题翻译：用于控制压缩点火发动机中的燃料喷射正时的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4463729A
公开(公告)日：1984-08-07
申请号：US551791
申请日：1983-11-14
申请人： Robert H. Bullis , Robert A. DiDomenico , John A. Kimberley , Thomas M. McHugh , Christopher A. Parent , James R. Voss , Walter J. Wiegand
发明人： Robert H. Bullis , Robert A. DiDomenico , John A. Kimberley , Thomas M. McHugh , Christopher A. Parent , James R. Voss , Walter J. Wiegand
IPC分类号： F02P17/12 , F01B9/04 , F02B1/04 , F02B3/06 , F02B75/12 , F02D35/02 , F02D41/14 , F02D41/40 , F02M51/00
CPC分类号： F02D41/401 , F01B9/047 , F02D35/021 , F02D35/022 , F02D35/028 , F02D41/1497 , F02B1/04 , F02B2075/125 , F02B3/06 , Y02T10/44
摘要： The method and apparatus for generating start of combustion signals associated with the combustion events in a diesel engine, and for using such signals to control the timing of fuel delivery to the engine. The combustion event is sensed, as by an electrostatic or optical sensor, and signal conditioning circuitry provides a start-of-combustion signal which is directly and precisely indicative of the time of the onset of combustion. The sensors include self-cleaning capabilities for extended operating life on an engine. The sensors may be incorporated in the structure of a glow plug.The SOC signal is advantageously supplied to a timing control circuit which delivers a timing control signal to a fuel delivery device, such as the controller associated with a fuel pump. The control circuit stores one or more start of combustion values which indicate the desired timing, relative to an engine cycle, for the start of the combustion event as a function of speed and load. One or more adjustment signals are stored and applied as a function of speed and load to adjust the desired signal such that the control signal is corrected for delays. The actual SOC signal is compared with the desired signal to generate an error signal which may be used to finely adjust the stored .DELTA.SOC signal for particular speed and load conditions.
摘要翻译：用于产生与柴油发动机中的燃烧事件相关联的燃烧信号开始的方法和装置，以及用于使用这些信号来控制向发动机输送燃料的时间。如通过静电或光学传感器感测燃烧事件，并且信号调节电路提供直接且精确地指示燃烧开始时间的燃烧起始信号。传感器包括自动清洁功能，可延长发动机的使用寿命。传感器可以结合在电热塞的结构中。 SOC信号有利地被提供给定时控制电路，其将定时控制信号传送到诸如与燃料泵相关联的控制器的燃料输送装置。控制电路存储一个或多个起动燃烧值，其指示作为速度和负载的函数的燃烧事件开始的相对于发动机循环的期望时间。作为速度和负载的函数存储和应用一个或多个调整信号以调整期望的信号，使得对于延迟校正控制信号。将实际的SOC信号与期望的信号进行比较，以产生误差信号，该误差信号可以用于在特定的速度和负载条件下精细地调节存储的DELTA SOC信号。

12. 发明授权

US4074572A Method and apparatus for sensing the flux of a flowing fluid 失效
标题翻译：用于感测流动流体的通量的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4074572A
公开(公告)日：1978-02-21
申请号：US599560
申请日：1975-07-28
申请人： Robert H. Bullis , Russell G. Meyerand, Jr. , Walter J. Wiegand, Jr.
发明人： Robert H. Bullis , Russell G. Meyerand, Jr. , Walter J. Wiegand, Jr.
IPC分类号： G01F1/74 , G01F1/64
CPC分类号： G01F1/64
摘要： Various apparatus and their applications to the determination of the flux of a fluid flowing through a region in accordance with the present invention are disclosed. The technique involved is based on the formation of charged particles within the fluid and subjecting these particles to an electric field which is colinear with the direction of fluid travel. Two charged particle collection stations are established, one upstream and the other downstream of the charged particle formation site and the resulting electric currents through such stations are correlated to the flux of the fluid.
摘要翻译：公开了各种装置及其在确定根据本发明的流过区域的流体的通量的应用中。所涉及的技术是基于在流体内形成带电粒子并使这些粒子与流体行进方向共线的电场。建立了两个带电粒子收集站，一个位于带电粒子形成位置的上游和另一个下游，并且通过这些站的所得电流与流体的通量相关。

13. 发明授权

US4878383A Optical fluid level sensor 失效
标题翻译：光学液位传感器
公开(公告)号：US4878383A
公开(公告)日：1989-11-07
申请号：US115304
申请日：1987-11-02
申请人： Walter J. Wiegand, Jr. , Robert H. Bullis
发明人： Walter J. Wiegand, Jr. , Robert H. Bullis
IPC分类号： G01F23/28 , G01F23/292
CPC分类号： G01F23/2922
摘要： The present invention is related to a sight glass(10) that utilizes both reflected light at a glass to air interface(40) as well as the light transmitted through a glass to fluid to glass interface(44) to form a light pattern that is indicative of the true fluid level. By requiring that light always appear in either an "air" or "fluid" channel(42,46), any absence of light is assumed due to film coated surfaces or to other abnormal conditions. An absence of light is a signal that maintenance is required.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种将玻璃与空气界面（40）之间的反射光以及通过玻璃传输到玻璃到玻璃界面（44）的光的视镜（10），以形成光图案，其是表明真正的液位。通过要求光总是出现在“空气”或“流体”通道（42,46）中，由于膜涂层表面或其他异常条件，假定没有光。没有光是需要维护的信号。

14. 发明授权

US4393719A Ionization flowmeter 失效
标题翻译：电离流量计
公开(公告)号：US4393719A
公开(公告)日：1983-07-19
申请号：US284837
申请日：1981-07-20
申请人： Walter J. Wiegand , Robert H. Bullis
发明人： Walter J. Wiegand , Robert H. Bullis
IPC分类号： G01F1/708 , G01F1/70
CPC分类号： G01F1/7088
摘要： A flowmeter for the measurement of fluid flow employs a combination of two transit times for the passage of charged particles through a known distance under different conditions. Applications include the measurement of the air-fuel mixture in automobile engines.
摘要翻译：用于测量流体流量的流量计采用两个运输时间的组合，用于使带电粒子在不同条件下通过已知距离。应用包括测量汽车发动机中的空气 - 燃料混合物。

15. 发明授权

US4019383A Four-collector flux sensor 失效
标题翻译：四集电极通量传感器
公开(公告)号：US4019383A
公开(公告)日：1977-04-26
申请号：US707174
申请日：1976-07-21
申请人： Walter J. Wiegand, Jr. , Robert H. Bullis , Robert J. Mongeon
发明人： Walter J. Wiegand, Jr. , Robert H. Bullis , Robert J. Mongeon
IPC分类号： G01F1/64 , G01F1/704 , G01P5/18
CPC分类号： G01F1/7048
摘要： A sensor for measuring the flux of a gas and some simple alternate embodiments are disclosed. The sensor employs charged particle techniques and includes provision for compensating for environmentally produced changes in the charged particle source. The basic device includes an active region containing the charged particle source located between two upstream charged particle collectors and two downstream charged particle collectors, means for maintaining suitable electric fields between the charged particle source and the collectors, and means for measuring the electric current flowing in each collector. In operation, the sensor is able to compensate for changes in the charged particle source characteristics which would otherwise result in a change of sensor calibration.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于测量气体通量的传感器和一些简单的替代实施例。该传感器采用带电粒子技术，并且包括用于补偿带电粒子源的环境产生的变化。基本装置包括含有位于两个上游带电粒子收集器和两个下游带电粒子收集器之间的带电粒子源的有源区域，用于在带电粒子源和收集器之间保持合适电场的装置，以及用于测量流过的电流的装置每个收藏家在操作中，传感器能够补偿带电粒子源特性的变化，否则会导致传感器校准的变化。

16. 发明授权

US4760830A Method and apparatus for controlling fuel injection timing in a compression ignition engine 失效
标题翻译：用于控制压缩点火发动机中的燃料喷射正时的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4760830A
公开(公告)日：1988-08-02
申请号：US088474
申请日：1987-08-19
申请人： Robert H. Bullis , Robert A. DiDomenico , John A. Kimberley , Thomas M. McHugh , Christopher A. Parent , James R. Voss , Walter J. Wiegand
发明人： Robert H. Bullis , Robert A. DiDomenico , John A. Kimberley , Thomas M. McHugh , Christopher A. Parent , James R. Voss , Walter J. Wiegand
IPC分类号： F01B9/04 , F02B1/04 , F02B3/06 , F02B75/12 , F02D35/02 , F02D41/14 , F02D41/40 , F02P5/04 , F02M39/00
CPC分类号： F02D41/401 , F01B9/047 , F02D35/022 , F02D35/028 , F02D41/1497 , F02B1/04 , F02B2075/125 , F02B3/06 , F02D35/021 , Y02T10/123 , Y02T10/44
摘要： The method and apparatus for generating start of combustion signals associated with the combustion events in a diesel engine (10), and for using such signals to control the timing of fuel delivery to the engine. The combustion event is sensed, as by an electrostatic (230, 330) or optical (130, 430) sensor, and signal conditioning circuitry (32) provides a start-of-combustion (SOC) signal (34) which is directly and precisely indicative of the time of the onset of combustion. The sensors (130, 230) include self-cleaning capabilities (48, 248) for extended operating life on an engine. The sensors may be incorporated in the structure of a glow plug (330, 430). The SOC signal (34) is advantageously supplied to a timing control circuit (26) which delivers a timing control signal (28) to a fuel delivery device, such as the controller (16') associated with a fuel pump (16). The control circuit (26) stores (65) one or more start of combustion values (SOC*) which indicate the desired timing, relative to an engine cycle (24), for the start of the combustion event as a function of speed (25) and load (27). One or more adjustment signals (.DELTA.SOC) are stored (75) and applied (67, 68) as a function of speed and load to adjust the desired signal (SOC*) such that the control signal (28, SOC.sub.c) is corrected for delays. The actual SOC signal (34) is compared (71) with the desired signal (66) to generate an error signal (72) which may be used to finely adjust the stored (75) .DELTA.SOC signal for particular speed and load conditions.
摘要翻译：用于产生与柴油发动机（10）中的燃烧事件相关联的燃烧信号开始的方法和装置，以及用于使用这些信号来控制向发动机输送燃料的时间。感测燃烧事件，如静电（230,330）或光学（130,430）传感器，并且信号调节电路（32）提供燃烧起始（SOC）信号（34），其直接且精确地指示燃烧开始的时间。传感器（130,230）包括用于在发动机上延长使用寿命的自清洁能力（48,248）。传感器可以结合在电热塞（330,430）的结构中。 SOC信号（34）有利地被提供给定时控制电路（26），该定时控制电路（26）将定时控制信号（28）传送到诸如与燃料泵（16）相关联的控制器（16'）之类的燃料输送装置。控制电路（26）存储（65）相对于发动机循环（24）指示作为速度的函数的燃烧事件开始的期望定时的一个或多个燃起值开始（SOC *）（25））和负载（27）。一个或多个调整信号（DELTA SOC）作为速度和负载的函数存储（75）并施加（67,68）以调整期望信号（SOC *），使得控制信号（28，SOCc）被校正为延误将实际的SOC信号（34）与期望的信号（66）进行比较（71），以产生误差信号（72），该误差信号可以用于微调特定速度和负载条件下存储的（75）DELTA SOC信号。

17. 发明授权

US4003254A Ion collector 失效
标题翻译：离子收集器
公开(公告)号：US4003254A
公开(公告)日：1977-01-18
申请号：US605689
申请日：1975-08-18
申请人： Robert H. Bullis , Walter J. Wiegand, Jr.
发明人： Robert H. Bullis , Walter J. Wiegand, Jr.
IPC分类号： G01F1/64 , G01F1/56
CPC分类号： G01F1/64
摘要： New and improved ion collection means for use in flow meter apparatus which utilizes the migration of ions transverse to the direction of flow of a moving fluid to determine flow characteristics are disclosed. The ion collector comprises individual strips of electrically conductive material arranged in an orderly manner at the collection site. The strips are physically separate and connected in electrical series with each other through suitable resistors which are protected from the flow of moving fluid.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于流量计装置的新的和改进的离子收集装置，其利用横向于移动流体的流动方向的离子迁移以确定流动特性。离子收集器包括在收集位置以有序方式排列的各导电材料条。条带是物理上分离的，并通过合适的电阻器彼此电连接，这些电阻器被保护而不受运动流体流动的影响。

18. 发明授权

US4485794A Method and apparatus for controlling diesel engine exhaust gas recirculation partly as a function of exhaust particulate level 失效
标题翻译：控制柴油机废气再循环的方法和装置部分地作为排气微粒水平的函数
公开(公告)号：US4485794A
公开(公告)日：1984-12-04
申请号：US571409
申请日：1984-01-17
申请人： John A. Kimberley , Robert H. Bullis
发明人： John A. Kimberley , Robert H. Bullis
IPC分类号： F02B3/06 , F02D21/08 , F02M25/06
CPC分类号： F02D41/0052 , F02D41/1466 , F02B3/06 , F02D41/1402 , Y02T10/47
摘要： A method and apparatus for controlling the recirculation of exhaust gas in a diesel engine includes an EGR valve responsive to an EGR control signal for relatively opening and closing a recirculation duct to the passage of exhaust gas therethrough. A sensor provides a signal indicative of the level of particulates in the exhaust gas stream. Control circuitry responsive to various signals indicative of engine operating conditions, including the signal indicative of exhaust gas particulate level, provides an EGR control signal for regulating the EGR valve at least partly as a function of the sensed level of particulates in the exhaust gas stream. The engine operating condition signals typically are indicative of the speed of the engine or fuel injection pump, the engine load, and engine operating temperature. The particulate level signal is preferably provided by electrostatically sensing the passage of packets of charged particles by an electrically-passive, annular electrode positioned in or adjacent to the exhaust gas stream.The control circuitry includes storage of open loop EGR valve control signals as a function of speed and load, as well as particulate objective signals also as a function of speed and load. The sensed exhaust gas particulate level is compared with the appropriate particulate objective signal for the development of an error signal, which error signal is then used in an adaptive manner to adjust the open loop EGR control signal in a direction to diminish the particulate error signal. Such adaptive control of the EGR control signal as a function of the exhaust gas particulate level is further advantageous because a predeterminable relationship exists between exhaust particulate levels and NO.sub.x levels as a function of percent EGR. EGR control may be inhibited by depressed engine temperature.
摘要翻译：用于控制柴油发动机中废气再循环的方法和装置包括响应于EGR控制信号的EGR阀，用于相对地打开和关闭再循环管道以使废气通过其中。传感器提供指示废气流中的微粒水平的信号。响应于指示发动机工作条件的各种信号的控制电路，包括指示废气微粒水平的信号，提供EGR控制信号，用于至少部分地根据感测到的废气流中的微粒的水平调节EGR阀。发动机工作条件信号通常表示发动机或燃料喷射泵的速度，发动机负荷和发动机工作温度。微粒水平信号优选通过静电感测位于排气流中或邻近排气流的电 - 被动环形电极的静电传感来提供。控制电路包括作为速度和负载的函数的开环EGR阀控制信号的存储，以及作为速度和负载的函数的颗粒物镜信号。将感测到的废气颗粒水平与适当的颗粒物体信号进行比较，以产生误差信号，然后以自适应方式使用该误差信号，以在减小微粒误差信号的方向上调节开环EGR控制信号。作为废气微粒水平的函数的EGR控制信号的这种自适应控制是进一步有利的，因为作为EGR百分比的函数的排气微粒水平与NOx水平之间存在可预先确定的关系。可通过降低发动机温度来抑制EGR控制。

19. 发明授权

US4601270A Method and apparatus for torque control of an internal combustion engine as a function of exhaust smoke level 失效
标题翻译：作为排气烟雾水平的函数的用于内燃机的扭矩控制的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4601270A
公开(公告)日：1986-07-22
申请号：US566001
申请日：1983-12-27
申请人： John A. Kimberley , Robert H. Bullis
发明人： John A. Kimberley , Robert H. Bullis
IPC分类号： F02D41/10 , F02B3/06 , F02D41/14 , F02D41/20 , F02D41/22 , F02D41/38 , F02D41/40 , F02M59/44 , F02M39/00
CPC分类号： F02D41/1466 , F02D41/1438 , F02D41/407 , F02M59/447 , F02B3/06 , F02D2250/18 , F02D2250/38 , Y02T10/44
摘要： A method and apparatus are provided for controlling the torque or fuel quantity limit to an internal combustion engine such as a diesel engine, at least partly as a function of the sensed level of smoke in the exhaust gas stream of the engine. An open-loop preliminary fuel quantity limit signal is provided as a function of engine speed. The actual smoke level is compared with a smoke limit value for the particular operating condition, and an error signal indicates the sense and possibly the magnitude of any difference. The error signal is the basis of a compensating signal which is added to the open-loop preliminary fuel quantity limit signal such that the resulting fuel quantity limit signal provides for maximum torque without exceeding the smoke limit. The smoke level is obtained by a direct measurement of the particulate level or the like in the exhaust gas stream. An alarm may be provided for indicating when the actual smoke level exceeds some threshold relative to the smoke limit.
摘要翻译：提供了一种方法和装置，用于至少部分地根据感测到的发动机排气流中的烟雾水平来控制诸如柴油发动机的内燃机的扭矩或燃料量限制。作为发动机速度的函数提供开环初步燃料量限制信号。将实际烟雾水平与特定操作条件的烟雾极限值进行比较，并且误差信号表示任何差异的感觉和可能的大小。误差信号是补充信号的基础，其被添加到开环初步燃料量限制信号，使得所得到的燃料量限制信号提供最大扭矩而不超过烟雾限制。通过直接测量废气流中的颗粒水平等获得烟度。可以提供警报以指示何时实际烟雾水平相对于烟雾极限超过某个阈值。

20. 发明授权

US4456883A Method and apparatus for indicating an operating characteristic of an internal combustion engine 失效
标题翻译：用于指示内燃机的工作特性的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4456883A
公开(公告)日：1984-06-26
申请号：US432501
申请日：1982-10-04
申请人： Robert H. Bullis , John A. Kimberley , Robert P. Couch
发明人： Robert H. Bullis , John A. Kimberley , Robert P. Couch
IPC分类号： G01M15/04 , F01N3/02 , F02B3/06 , F02D41/00 , F02D41/14 , F02D41/22 , F02D41/34 , F02D45/00 , G01N15/06 , G01N27/60 , G01N27/62
CPC分类号： G01N27/62 , F02D41/1466 , F02D41/22 , G01N15/0656 , F02B3/06 , F02D41/008
摘要： A method and apparatus are provided for indicating an operating characteristic of a periodically combusting internal combustion engine, such as a diesel engine, having exhaust gas issuing from one or more combustion chambers in a periodic manner through a duct. The particulate in the exhaust gas stream are electrically charged and of the same polarity, and are grouped in packets associated with the periodic combustion in the respective chambers. An electrically conductive, passive electrode, preferably annular in shape, is disposed such that most or all of the exhaust gas flows therethrough so as to electrostatically sense, principally by induced image charge, the passage of the respective packets of charged particles. The electrode is electrically isolated from the duct. Circuitry with the probe converts the sensed induced image charge to a signal containing a series of pulsating components corresponding in time with the respective particle packets and corresponding quantitatively with the charge-quantity of the respective particle packets. An indicating device responds to the pulsating signal and provides an indication of an operating characteristic of the engine.The electrode is preferably of short axial extent relative to the packet interval to enhance resolution. Structure and circuitry may be provided to minimize soot deposition and/or leakage currents across an insulator between the electrode and duct. In one instance, the indicating device may respond to the root mean square of the pulsating signal to provide a quantitative indication of the level of particulate in the exhaust gas stream. In another instance, the successive pulsations of the signal waveform may be displayed to afford evaluation of the performance of the respective combustion chambers and/or injectors.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于指示周期性燃烧的内燃机（例如柴油发动机）的操作特性的方法和装置，其具有通过管道从周期性地从一个或多个燃烧室排出的废气。废气流中的颗粒充电并且具有相同的极性，并且被分组成与相应室中的周期性燃烧相关的分组。布置优选为环形形状的导电无源电极，使得大部分或全部排气流过其中，以便主要通过感应图像电荷静电地感测各个带电粒子包的通过。电极与导管电隔离。利用探针的电路将感测到的感应图像电荷转换成包含与各个粒子分组在时间上对应的一系列脉动分量的信号，并且与各个粒子分组的电荷量定量对应。指示装置响应于脉动信号并且提供发动机的操作特性的指示。相对于分组间隔，电极优选具有短的轴向范围，以增强分辨率。可以提供结构和电路以最小化穿过电极和管道之间的绝缘体的烟灰沉积和/或泄漏电流。在一种情况下，指示装置可以对脉动信号的均方根作出响应，以提供排气流中的颗粒水平的定量指示。在另一种情况下，可以显示信号波形的连续脉动，以评估各个燃烧室和/或喷射器的性能。

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