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    • 14. 发明授权
    • Color quantization and similarity measure for content based image retrieval
    • 基于内容的图像检索的颜色量化和相似性度量
    • US07215791B2
    • 2007-05-08
    • US09934962
    • 2001-08-22
    • Santhana Krishnamachari
    • Santhana Krishnamachari
    • G06K9/00
    • G06F17/3025Y10S707/99945Y10S707/99948
    • The invention determines the degree of similarity between a target image and each of a plurality of reference images. The measure used for the degree of similarity between images is based on the human perceptive system, so that images that appear to a human to be similar in color have a higher similarity measure than images that appear to a human to be dissimilar in color. Each of the most populous colors of each partition of the target image is associated with a color in a corresponding partition of the reference image that is closest to the target image color. The similarity measure is based on the number of occurrences of each of these associated colors in the corresponding partitions, as well as the color difference between these associated colors. Thus, images that have similar, albeit not identical, colors, will have a higher similarity measure than images that have dissimilar colors. In a preferred embodiment, color difference is determined based upon the CIE luminance-chrominance color space. Also, in a preferred embodiment, the target image color is quantized into a set of discrete colors that are based upon the predominant colors in the reference images.
    • 本发明确定目标图像与多个参考图像中的每一个之间的相似度。 用于图像之间的相似度的度量是基于人类感知系统,使得对于人类来说似乎与颜色相似的图像具有比人类看起来与颜色不同的图像更高的相似性度量。 目标图像的每个分区的人口最多的颜色中的每一个与最接近目标图像颜色的参考图像的对应分区中的颜色相关联。 相似性度量基于相应分区中的这些相关联的颜色中的每一个的出现次数以及这些相关联的颜色之间的色差。 因此,具有相似但尽管不相同的颜色的图像将具有比具有不同颜色的图像更高的相似性度量。 在优选实施例中,基于CIE亮度色度颜色空间来确定色差。 此外,在优选实施例中,目标图像颜色被量化为基于参考图像中的主要颜色的一组离散颜色。
    • 15. 发明授权
    • Multimedia watermarking system and method
    • 多媒体水印系统及方法
    • US07017045B1
    • 2006-03-21
    • US09643483
    • 2000-08-22
    • Santhana Krishnamachari
    • Santhana Krishnamachari
    • H04L9/00
    • G06T1/0071H04N5/913H04N19/467H04N21/8358H04N2005/91335
    • A system and method for verifying and authenticating multimedia objects. Provided is a system for splitting a watermark into at least a first and second part, inserting the first part of the watermark into a first component of the multimedia object, and inserting the second part into a second component of the multimedia object, and outputting a watermarked multimedia object. The watermark may be provided by obtaining a signature of the original multimedia object. Also included are systems and methods for checking the validity and authenticity of a received watermarked multimedia object, wherein the multimedia object includes individual watermarked media components.
    • 一种用于验证和认证多媒体对象的系统和方法。 提供了一种用于将水印分解成至少第一和第二部分的系统,将第一部分水印插入到多媒体对象的第一分量中,并将第二部分插入到多媒体对象的第二分量中,并输出 水印多媒体对象。 可以通过获得原始多媒体对象的签名来提供水印。 还包括用于检查所接收的带水印的多媒体对象的有效性和真实性的系统和方法,其中所述多媒体对象包括单独的加水印的媒体组件。
    • 17. 发明授权
    • System for retrieving images using a database
    • 使用数据库检索图像的系统
    • US06226636B1
    • 2001-05-01
    • US09197315
    • 1998-11-20
    • Mohamed Abdel-MottalebSanthana Krishnamachari
    • Mohamed Abdel-MottalebSanthana Krishnamachari
    • G06F1730
    • G06F17/3025Y10S707/99934Y10S707/99935Y10S707/99936Y10S707/99945
    • The system builds a database which stores data corresponding to a plurality of images. To begin, the system divides each image into N (N≧1) regions. Then, for each of the N regions, the system calculates a histogram of the region, generates a binary representation of the histogram, and stores data corresponding to the image in a binary tree based on the binary representation. The database may then be used to determine images which are similar to a query image. To do this, the system divides the query image into N regions, each of which corresponds to one of the binary trees in the database. Data corresponding to one or more images in the database is then retrieved from the binary trees based on the N regions. The system then determines which of these images is similar to the query image based on the retrieved data.
    • 该系统建立一个数据库,该数据库存储对应于多个图像的数据。 首先,系统将每个图像划分为N(N> = 1)个区域。 然后,对于N个区域中的每一个,系统计算该区域的直方图,生成直方图的二进制表示,并且基于二进制表示将与图像相对应的数据存储在二叉树中。 然后可以使用数据库来确定与查询图像相似的图像。 为此,系统将查询图像划分为N个区域,每个区域对应于数据库中的一个二叉树。 然后根据N个区域从二叉树检索对应于数据库中的一个或多个图像的数据。 然后,系统基于检索的数据确定这些图像中的哪一个与查询图像相似。