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11. 发明授权

US4441930A Process for removal of sand mold residues from cast parts 失效
标题翻译：从铸件中除去砂模残渣的工艺
公开(公告)号：US4441930A
公开(公告)日：1984-04-10
申请号：US217094
申请日：1980-12-16
申请人： Ulrich Baudis , Peter Biberbach , Wolfgang Weber
发明人： Ulrich Baudis , Peter Biberbach , Wolfgang Weber
IPC分类号： B22D29/00 , B22D31/00 , C23G1/28 , C03C23/00
CPC分类号： B22D31/002 , B22D29/002 , C23G1/28
摘要： For removing and dissolving sand mold residues from cast parts, particularly sand mold residues containing zirconium oxide and titanium oxide, there have previously been used mechanical and electrochemical processes in salt melts. However, these processes are very expensive, attack the surface of the cast pieces or fail to work with sand mold constituents which are difficult to dissolve. These disadvantages are avoided by inserting the cast parts having adhering sand mold residues into a melt of 55 to 97 weight % of alkali metal hydroxide and 3 to 45 weight % of one or more fluorides of an element of the first to third main group of the periodic system of elements and/or zinc at 400.degree. to 900.degree. C. Preferably the salt melt additionally contains a boron-oxygen and/or a boron-fluorine compound.
摘要翻译：为了从铸件中除去和溶解砂模残渣，特别是含有氧化锆和氧化钛的砂模残渣，以前已经在盐熔体中使用机械和电化学方法。然而，这些方法非常昂贵，侵蚀铸件的表面或者不能与难以溶解的砂模成分一起使用。通过将具有粘附的砂模残余物的铸造件插入55至97重量％的碱金属氢氧化物和3至45重量％的第一至第三主要元素的一种或多种氟化物的熔体中来避免这些缺点在400〜900℃下元素和/或锌的周期性体系。优选地，盐熔体还含有硼 - 氧和/或硼 - 氟化合物。

12. 发明授权

US07976989B2 Precious metal oxide catalyst for water electrolysis 有权
标题翻译：贵金属氧化物催化剂用于水电解
公开(公告)号：US07976989B2
公开(公告)日：2011-07-12
申请号：US10595480
申请日：2004-10-29
申请人： Marco Lopez , Andreas Schleunung , Peter Biberbach
发明人： Marco Lopez , Andreas Schleunung , Peter Biberbach
IPC分类号： H01M8/00 , H01M4/00 , B23H3/04 , B23H5/10 , B23H7/22 , C25B11/00 , C25C7/02 , C25D17/10 , C25F7/00 , B01J23/00 , B01J21/00 , B01J20/00
CPC分类号： B01J23/468 , B01J35/1014 , B01J35/1019 , B01J37/031 , C02F1/46109 , C02F2001/46142 , C02F2201/46115 , C25B9/10 , C25B11/04 , C25B11/0484 , H01M4/9016 , H01M8/186 , H01M2008/1095 , Y02E60/366 , Y02E60/528
摘要： The invention is directed to iridium oxide based catalysts for use as anode catalysts in PEM water electrolysis. The claimed composite catalyst materials comprise iridium oxide (IrO2) and optionally ruthenium oxide (RuO2) in combination with a high surface area inorganic oxide (for example TiO2, Al2O3, ZrO2 and mixtures thereof). The inorganic oxide has a BET surface area in the range of 50 to 400 m2/g, a water solubility of lower than 0.15 g/l and is present in a quantity of less than 20 wt. % based on the total weight of the catalyst. The claimed catalyst materials are characterised by a low oxygen overvoltage and long lifetime in water electrolysis. The catalysts are used in electrodes, catalyst-coated membranes and membrane-electrode-assemblies for PEM electrolyzers as well as in regenerative fuel cells (RFC), sensors, and other electrochemical devices.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及用于PEM水电解中的阳极催化剂的氧化铱基催化剂。要求保护的复合催化剂材料包括氧化铱（IrO 2）和任选的氧化钌（RuO 2）与高表面积无机氧化物（例如TiO 2，Al 2 O 3，ZrO 2及其混合物）的组合。无机氧化物的BET表面积在50〜400m 2 / g的范围内，水溶性低于0.15g / l，且其含量小于20wt。％，基于催化剂的总重量。要求保护的催化剂材料的特征在于低电压过电压和长时间的水电解。催化剂用于电极，催化剂涂覆的膜和用于PEM电解器以及再生燃料电池（RFC），传感器和其他电化学装置的膜 - 电极组件。

13. 发明授权

US4509993A Regeneration agent for carburization salt bath 失效
标题翻译：渗碳盐浴再生剂
公开(公告)号：US4509993A
公开(公告)日：1985-04-09
申请号：US566811
申请日：1983-12-29
申请人： Hans-Hermann Beyer , Ulrich Baudis , Peter Biberbach
发明人： Hans-Hermann Beyer , Ulrich Baudis , Peter Biberbach
IPC分类号： C23C8/44 , C08G12/10 , C08G12/16 , C08G12/32 , C23C8/40 , C21D1/48
CPC分类号： C23C8/40
摘要： It is known to regenerate salt baths for nitriding parts of iron and steel with polymers of organic materials, which polymers, however, could not be used in carburizing salt baths since with them there only are formed slight amounts of carburizing active cyanide, the baths foam, and carbon residues are formed. An excellent regeneration agent for carburizing salt baths is obtained by using polymeric organic compounds of the overall composition [C.sub.6 H.sub.x N.sub.y ].sub.z where x is 3 to 5, y is 5 to 8, and z is 10 to 10,000. These compounds are obtained by reacting formaldehyde with cyanamide and/or dicyandiamide and/or melamine and pyrolytically decomposing the reaction product at 300.degree. to 600.degree. C.
摘要翻译：众所周知，用有机材料的聚合物再生盐浴用于铁和铁的部分渗氮，然而，这些聚合物不能用于渗碳盐浴，因为它们只形成少量的渗碳活性氰化物，浴泡沫，形成碳残基。通过使用总组合物[C6HxNy] z的聚合有机化合物，其中x为3至5，y为5至8，z为10至10,000，获得渗透盐浴的优异再生剂。这些化合物是通过甲醛与氰胺和/或双氰胺和/或三聚氰胺反应并在300℃至600℃热解分解反应产物而得到的。

14. 发明授权

US4019928A Process for nitriding iron and steel in salt baths regenerated with triazine polymers 失效
标题翻译：在用三嗪聚合物再生的盐浴中对钢铁进行氮化处理
公开(公告)号：US4019928A
公开(公告)日：1977-04-26
申请号：US701361
申请日：1976-06-30
申请人： Hermann Beyer , Peter Biberbach , Christian Scondo
发明人： Hermann Beyer , Peter Biberbach , Christian Scondo
IPC分类号： C23C8/40 , C23C8/50 , C21D1/48
CPC分类号： C23C8/40 , C23C8/50
摘要： Iron and steel are nitrided in a salt bath in a process favorable to the environment. The salt bath consists essentially of potassium cyanate, sodium cyanate, potassium carbonate, and sodium carbonate. Preferably, air flows through the bath. The bath preferably contains 25-57 weight % of cyanate calculated as cyanate ion, 0 to 30% alkali metal chloride and the balance carbonate and alkali metal ions. Preferably cyanide is omitted, but it can be present in an amount up to 5%. Without removing the waste salt, the bath is regenerated by adding melon, melam, or melem.
摘要翻译：在有利于环境的过程中，钢铁在盐浴中渗氮。盐浴基本上由氰酸钾，氰酸钠，碳酸钾和碳酸钠组成。优选地，空气流过浴。浴中优选含有25-57重量％的以氰酸根离子计算的氰酸酯，0至30％的碱金属氯化物和余量的碳酸盐和碱金属离子。优选地，氰化物被省略，但其可以以高达5％的量存在。在不去除废盐的情况下，通过加入甜瓜，蜜饯或肉鸡来再生浴。

15. 发明授权

US07776781B2 Platinum/ruthenium catalyst for direct methanol fuel cells 有权
标题翻译：用于直接甲醇燃料电池的铂/钌催化剂
公开(公告)号：US07776781B2
公开(公告)日：2010-08-17
申请号：US11573936
申请日：2005-08-13
申请人： Marco Lopez , Peter Biberbach
发明人： Marco Lopez , Peter Biberbach
IPC分类号： B01J21/18 , B01J23/40 , B01J23/74 , B01J23/00 , B01J23/42 , B01J23/44 , H01M4/02 , H01M4/58 , C22C5/04
CPC分类号： H01M4/921
摘要： The invention relates to a carbon-supported PtRu anode catalyst for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC) which has a platinum/ruthenium content in the range from 80 to 98 wt. %, preferably in the range from 85 to 98 wt. %, particularly preferably in the range from 85 to 95 wt. % (based on the total weight of the catalyst), on a carbon-based electrically conductive support material and has a mean particle size of less than 3 nm. The catalyst is prepared using a carbon black support material having a specific surface area (measured by the BET method) in the range from 1000 to 2000 m2/g by means of a reduction process using chemical reducing agents with addition of organic acids. Electrodes and membrane-electrode units containing the catalyst according to the invention having a high precious metal loading have an electrode layer thickness of less than 80 μm at a PtRu loading per unit area of the electrode of from 6 to 12 mg of PtRu/cm2 and lead to improved electric power in direct methanol fuel cells.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种用于直接甲醇燃料电池（DMFC）的碳负载PtRu阳极催化剂，其具有80至98重量％的铂/钌含量。％，优选在85至98重量％的范围内。％，特别优选为85〜95重量％。％（基于催化剂的总重量），在碳基导电载体材料上，并且具有小于3nm的平均粒度。使用具有通过添加有机酸的化学还原剂的还原方法，使用具有1000-2000m 2 / g的比表面积（通过BET法测量）的炭黑载体材料制备催化剂。含有贵金属负载量高的本发明催化剂的电极和膜 - 电极单元，PtRu负载量为6〜12mg PtRu / cm 2时Pt电极厚度小于80μm，导致直接甲醇燃料电池的电力提高。

16. 发明授权

US06814777B2 Platinum and platinum alloy powders with high surface areas and low chlorine content and processes for preparing these powders 有权
标题翻译：具有高表面积和低氯含量的铂和铂合金粉末以及用于制备这些粉末的方法
公开(公告)号：US06814777B2
公开(公告)日：2004-11-09
申请号：US10209084
申请日：2002-07-31
申请人： Peter Biberbach
发明人： Peter Biberbach
IPC分类号： B22F100
CPC分类号： H01M4/92 , B22F9/24 , B22F2998/00 , C22B11/02 , H01M4/8605 , H01M8/1004 , Y02P70/56 , B22F1/0018
摘要： The invention provides platinum or platinum alloy powders for use in fuel cells and for chemical reactions. The powders are characterized by a high surface area and, at the same time, low chlorine contents. The powders are prepared by forming a melt which contains, as starting substances, a low melting mixture of alkali metal nitrates, a chlorine-free platinum compound and optionally chlorine-free compounds of alloying elements, the melt is then heated to a reaction temperature at which the platinum compound and the compounds of alloying elements thermally decompose to give oxides, the melt is then cooled and dissolved in water and the oxides or mixed oxides formed are converted into platinum or platinum alloy powders by subsequent reduction. Binary or ternary eutectic mixtures from the LiNO3—KNO3—NaNO3 system are suitable as a low melting mixture of nitrates of the alkali metals. Hexahydroxoplatinic-(IV)-acid is preferably used as a chlorine-free platinum compound.
摘要翻译：本发明提供用于燃料电池和化学反应的铂或铂合金粉末。粉末的特征在于表面积高，同时氯含量低。通过形成熔融物制备粉末，该熔体含有作为起始物质的碱金属硝酸盐，无氯铂化合物和任选的不含氯的合金元素化合物的低熔点混合物，然后将熔体加热至反应温度其中铂化合物和合金元素的化合物热分解产生氧化物，然后将熔体冷却并溶解在水中，形成的氧化物或混合氧化物通过随后的还原转化为铂或铂合金粉末。来自LiNO3-KNO3-NaNO3体系的二元或三元共晶混合物适合作为碱金属硝酸盐的低熔点混合物。六羟基铂（IV） - 酸优选用作无氯铂化合物。

17. 发明授权

US4610437A Crucible for holding salt baths for the boriding of steels 失效
标题翻译：坩埚用于浸渍钢筋的盐浴
公开(公告)号：US4610437A
公开(公告)日：1986-09-09
申请号：US630303
申请日：1984-07-12
申请人： Ulrich Baudis , Peter Biberbach , Rainer Engelmann
发明人： Ulrich Baudis , Peter Biberbach , Rainer Engelmann
IPC分类号： C23C8/70 , C22C38/40 , C23C8/40 , F27B14/10 , F27B14/00
CPC分类号： C23C8/40 , C22C38/40
摘要： There is provided a crucible for containing salt baths for the boriding of steels which has a high service life made of a steel which consists of (or consists essentially of) 0.05-0.8% carbon, 0.8-2.5% silicon, 0.1-2.0% manganese, 0-1.5% aluminum, 6-30% chromium, 4-39% nickel and the balance iron.
摘要翻译：提供了一种坩埚，用于包含用于钢的硼化的盐浴，其具有使用寿命长的钢，其由0.05-0.8％的碳，0.8-2.5％的硅，0.1-2.0％的锰组成（或基本上由...组成），0-1.5％铝，6-30％铬，4-39％镍和余量铁。

18. 发明授权

US4440581A Process for the production of vanadium carbide coatings on iron 失效
标题翻译：在铁上生产钒碳涂层的工艺
公开(公告)号：US4440581A
公开(公告)日：1984-04-03
申请号：US278617
申请日：1981-06-29
申请人： Ulrich Baudis , Peter Biberbach , Wolfgang Weber
发明人： Ulrich Baudis , Peter Biberbach , Wolfgang Weber
IPC分类号： C23C10/24 , C23C9/10
CPC分类号： C23C10/24
摘要： Vanadium carbide layers are produced on iron and iron alloys having a content of at least 0.1 weight % carbon by treating the workpiece at 800.degree. to 1100.degree. C. in a salt bath which contains 1-30 weight % of vanadium or ferrovanadium powder. The salt bath consists of alkaline earth and/or alkali metal halide.
摘要翻译：通过在含有1-30重量％的钒或铁钒粉末的盐浴中在800℃至1100℃下处理工件，在含有至少0.1重量％碳含量的铁和铁合金上生产碳化钒层。盐浴由碱土金属和/或碱金属卤化物组成。

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