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    • 14. 发明授权
    • Masa corn-based food products and method of preparing
    • 玛莎玉米为主的食品及其制备方法
    • US6001409A
    • 1999-12-14
    • US892989
    • 1997-07-15
    • Norbert GimmlerJoseph A. SzwercJuan A. MenjivarCraig E. RethwillJohn M. Kaiser
    • Norbert GimmlerJoseph A. SzwercJuan A. MenjivarCraig E. RethwillJohn M. Kaiser
    • A23L1/164
    • A23L7/13A23L7/117Y10S426/808
    • Corn-based products having a masa flavor, such as tortilla chips and taco shells, and soft tacos are produced using ground corn. The crisp corn based food products have a masa flavor and color, a crisp texture, and chip-like appearance without the gritty, hard texture associated with conventional tortilla chips or taco shells made by steeping whole corn kernels. The liming of continued corn particles reduces steeping time, develops masa flavor, and reduces tackiness to provide a cohesive dough which can be machined in a tortilla sheeter/cutter. Substantially uniform hydration of a coarse ground corn component, such as corn meal, is achieved by admixing and heating the coarse ground corn component with water and lime to at least substantially hydrate the coarse corn particles without substantially gelatinizing the corn starch. The hydrated coarse component may then be subjected to temperatures above the gelatinization temperature to partially gelatinize the corn starch. A fine ground starchy component is admixed and heated with the hydrated course ground component before, after, or simultaneously with gelatinization of the hydrated coarse ground corn component to form a machinable dough or masa. The hydration process avoids undesirable hard, white, raw-tasting spots in the final product.
    • 使用磨玉米生产具有马莎风味的玉米制品,例如玉米片和玉米饼壳,以及软炸玉米饼。 酥脆的玉米为基础的食品具有美味的味道和色泽,质地酥脆,切片般的外观,而且没有粗糙,坚硬的质地与传统的玉米片或通过浸泡整个玉米粒制成的玉米饼壳相结合。 持续的玉米颗粒的灰化减少了浸泡时间,改善了香料的味道,并且降低了粘合性以提供可以在玉米饼饼/切割机中加工的粘性面团。 通过将粗磨玉米成分与水和石灰混合并加热至至少基本上水合粗玉米颗粒而基本上使玉米淀粉糊化,可以实现粗玉米成分如玉米粉的基本均匀的水合。 然后可以将水合的粗组分进行高于糊化温度的温度以部分地使玉米淀粉糊化。 在水合粗磨玉米成分凝胶化之前,之后或同时将细磨的淀粉组分与水合过程磨碎的组分混合并加热,以形成可机加工面团或砂浆。 水合过程避免了最终产品中不希望的硬的,白色的原始品尝点。
    • 18. 发明授权
    • Process for making enzyme-resistant starch for reduced-calorie flour
replacer
    • 制备耐热淀粉用于低热量面粉替代品的方法
    • US06013299A
    • 2000-01-11
    • US964224
    • 1997-11-04
    • Lynn HaynesNorbert GimmlerJohn P. Locke, IIIMee-Ra KweonLouise SladeHarry Levine
    • Lynn HaynesNorbert GimmlerJohn P. Locke, IIIMee-Ra KweonLouise SladeHarry Levine
    • A23G3/50A21D2/00A21D2/18A21D10/00A21D13/08A23G3/34A23L1/05A23L1/0522A23L1/09A23L1/10A23L1/307C08B30/12A21D8/02A23L1/105
    • C08B30/12A21D13/08A21D2/186A23G3/346A23L29/212A23L29/35A23G2200/14
    • An enzyme resistant starch type III which has a melting point or endothermic peak of at least about 140.degree. C. as determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is produced in yields of at least about 25% by weight, based upon the weight of the original starch ingredient. A gelatinization stage, nucleation/propagation stage, and preferably a heat-treatment stage are used to produce reduced calorie starch-based compositions which contain the enzyme resistant starch type III. The enzyme resistant starch is produced using crystal nucleation and propagation temperatures which avoid substantial production of lower melting amylopectin crystals, lower melting amylose crystals, and lower melting amylose-lipid complexes. The nucleating temperature used is above the melting point of amylopectin crystals. The propagating temperature used is above the melting point of any amylose-lipid complexes but below the melting point of the enzyme resistant starch. Starch-based compositions comprising the high-melting RS type III of the present invention exhibit unexpectedly superior baking characteristics, such as cookie spread, golden brown color, pleasant aroma, and surface cracking which are comparable to those achieved with conventional wheat flour. The high melting point of the enzyme resistant starch, as measured by DSC, permits its use in baked good formulations without substantial loss of enzyme resistance upon baking.
    • 以差示扫描量热法(DSC)测定的具有至少约140℃的熔点或吸热峰的抗酶淀粉III产生的产率为至少约25重量%,基于 原淀粉成分。 使用糊化阶段,成核/繁殖阶段,优选热处理阶段来生产含有III型抗酶淀粉的低热量淀粉基组合物。 使用晶体成核和传播温度产生耐酶淀粉,其避免了显着产生较低熔点的支链淀粉晶体,较低熔点的直链淀粉晶体和较低熔点的直链淀粉 - 脂质复合物。 使用的成核温度高于支链淀粉晶体的熔点。 所用的传播温度高于任何直链淀粉 - 脂质复合物的熔点,但低于耐酶淀粉的熔点。 包含本发明的高熔点RS型III的淀粉基组合物显示出与传统小麦粉所达到的相当的意想不到的优异的烘烤特性,例如饼干蔓延,金棕色,宜人的香气和表面裂纹。 通过DSC测量,耐酶淀粉的高熔点允许其在烘焙良好配方中使用,而在烘烤时不会显着降低酶抗性。