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11. 发明授权

US08460434B2 Methane recovery from a landfill gas 失效
标题翻译：沼气从甲烷回收
公开(公告)号：US08460434B2
公开(公告)日：2013-06-11
申请号：US12160812
申请日：2007-01-09
申请人： Andrew Derek Turner , George Cutts , Richard John Lilleystone
发明人： Andrew Derek Turner , George Cutts , Richard John Lilleystone
IPC分类号： B01D53/00
CPC分类号： F28D7/16 , B01D2258/05 , C10L3/08 , C10L3/10 , C10L3/102 , F28F9/0275 , F28F13/06 , Y02E50/346
摘要： A process is provided for recovering methane from landfill feed gas and other anaerobic digestors. The process comprising the following steps: firstly treating the feed gas to remove H2S; subsequently compressing the gas; and then treating the gas to remove further impurities. Additionally, there is provided a chiller for reducing the temperature of a gas flow. The chiller comprising: a shell arranged to be chilled, a plurality of bores through the shell and through which the gas flows, in use, and forming, together with the shell, a heat exchanger, a tangential inlet to each bore for creating a spiral flow of the gas through the bore, in use. Furthermore, a process is provided for purifying a gas feed using a reversible gas absorber unit comprising two hollow fiber gas/liquid contactors, each of which is arranged to provide a counter-current flow. The process comprising: setting up a partial pressure gradient in the first contactor using a reversible absorber capable of forming an adduct with the gas to be removed, introducing feed gas to the first contactor, forming an adduct of the gas to be absorbed, feeding the adduct to the second contactor, supplying a flushing counter-current flow to the second contactor to liberate the gas, and re-circulating the reversible absorber to the first contactor.
摘要翻译：提供了一种从垃圾填埋气和其他厌氧消化器回收甲烷的方法。该方法包括以下步骤：首先处理进料气体以除去H 2 S; 随后压缩气体; 然后处理气体以除去进一步的杂质。另外，提供了一种用于降低气流温度的冷却器。冷却器包括：布置成被冷却的壳体，穿过壳体的多个孔，气体在使用中流动并与壳体一起形成热交换器，每个孔的切向入口用于产生螺旋在使用中通过孔的气体流动。此外，提供了使用包括两个中空纤维气体/液体接触器的可逆气体吸收器单元来净化气体进料的方法，每个中空纤维气体/液体接触器被布置成提供逆流。该方法包括：使用能够与要除去的气体形成加合物的可逆吸收器在第一接触器中建立分压梯度，将进料气体引入第一接触器，形成待吸收气体的加合物，加压到第二接触器，向第二接触器提供冲洗逆流以释放气体，并将可逆吸收体重新循环到第一接触器。

12. 发明申请

US20120024710A1 Metal Treatment to Form a Surface Layer 有权
标题翻译：金属处理形成表面层
公开(公告)号：US20120024710A1
公开(公告)日：2012-02-02
申请号：US13262344
申请日：2010-03-30
申请人： Andrew Derek Turner
发明人： Andrew Derek Turner
IPC分类号： C23C28/00 , C25D7/00
CPC分类号： C25D11/26 , A61F2/28 , A61L27/04 , A61L27/32 , A61L27/54 , A61L2300/104 , A61L2300/404 , A61L2300/606 , A61L2420/02
摘要： A metal object is treated to form an integral surface layer by: (a) immersing the metal object in an anodising electrolyte, and passivating the metal to form an anodised layer on the metal object; (b) continuing the application of a potential to modify the surface layer; (c) then treating the metal object with a chemical reducing agent so a hydrous metal oxide is formed; and (d) then contacting the metal object with a solution containing a biocidal material so as to incorporate biocidal material into the surface layer.
摘要翻译：通过以下方式处理金属物体以形成整体表面层：（a）将金属物体浸入阳极氧化电解质中，并钝化金属以在金属物体上形成阳极氧化层; （b）继续施加修改表面层的潜力; （c）然后用化学还原剂处理金属物体，形成含水金属氧化物; 和（d）然后使金属物体与含有杀生物材料的溶液接触，以将杀生物材料掺入表面层。

13. 发明授权

US5766442A Electrode regeneration 失效
标题翻译：电极再生
公开(公告)号：US5766442A
公开(公告)日：1998-06-16
申请号：US829614
申请日：1997-03-31
申请人： Nevill John Bridger , Andrew Derek Turner
发明人： Nevill John Bridger , Andrew Derek Turner
IPC分类号： C02F1/42 , B01J47/06 , B01J47/08 , B01J49/00 , C25B11/00 , C25B11/03 , C25B11/04 , C25B15/08 , G01N27/30 , G01N27/38 , H02G1/08
CPC分类号： B01J47/08 , B01J49/0052
摘要： An electrode for use in electrochemical ion exchange which includes a hydrolysable metal phosphate such as zirconium phosphate (Zr(HPO.sub.4).sub.2) which has been hydrolysed at least in part is regenerated. The electrode is made the anode of an electrochemical cell in which the electrolyte is an aqueous solution containing one or more phosphate ions provided, for example, by a dissolved salt (eg Na.sub.3 PO.sub.4, Na.sub.2 HPO.sub.4 or NaH.sub.2 PO.sub.4) or orthophosphoric acid, or both. Preferably, the electrolyte is acidic (eg pH 2). Operation of the cell reverses the hydrolysis reaction and enhances the performance of the electrode.
摘要翻译：用于电化学离子交换的电极，其包括至少部分被水解的可水解金属磷酸盐如磷酸锆（Zr（HPO 4）2）。电极被制成电化学电池的阳极，其中电解质是含有例如由溶解的盐（例如Na 3 PO 4，Na 2 HPO 4或NaH 2 PO 4）或正磷酸或两者提供的一种或多种磷酸根离子的水溶液。优选地，电解质是酸性的（例如pH 2）。电池的操作反转水解反应并提高电极的性能。

14. 发明授权

US09809894B2 Metal treatment 有权
公开(公告)号：US09809894B2
公开(公告)日：2017-11-07
申请号：US13979459
申请日：2012-01-13
申请人： Andrew Derek Turner
发明人： Andrew Derek Turner
IPC分类号： C25D11/16 , C25D21/12 , C25D11/02
CPC分类号： C25D11/02 , C25D11/024 , C25D11/16 , C25D21/12
摘要： In a process for anodizing a metal object (12), the metal object (12) is contacted with an anodizing electrolyte (32), and is first pre-anodized so as to grow a thin oxide film on the surface. The microscopic surface area is then deduced from electrical measurements either during pre-anodizing or on the pre-anodized surface. The metal object (12) can then be anodized. This is applicable when treating an implant to provide a surface that has the ability to incorporate biocidal material such as silver ions. The pre-anodizing uses a low voltage, for example no more than 2. V, and may take less than 120 seconds.

15. 发明申请

US20130319869A1 Metal Treatment 有权
标题翻译：金属处理
公开(公告)号：US20130319869A1
公开(公告)日：2013-12-05
申请号：US13979459
申请日：2012-01-13
申请人： Andrew Derek Turner
发明人： Andrew Derek Turner
IPC分类号： C25D11/02
CPC分类号： C25D11/02 , C25D11/024 , C25D11/16 , C25D21/12
摘要： In a process for anodising a metal object (12), the metal object (12) is contacted with an anodising electrolyte (32), and is first pre-anodised so as to grow a thin oxide film on the surface. The microscopic surface area is then deduced from electrical measurements either during pre-anodising or on the pre-anodised surface. The metal object (12) can then be anodised. This is applicable when treating an implant to provide a surface that has the ability to incorporate biocidal material such as silver ions. The pre-anodising uses a low voltage, for example no more than 2. V, and may take less than 120 seconds.
摘要翻译：在阳极氧化金属物体（12）的过程中，金属物体（12）与阳极氧化电解质（32）接触，并且首先被预阳极氧化以在表面上生长薄氧化膜。然后在预阳极氧化期间或在预阳极化处理的表面上从电测量推导出微观表面积。然后可以对金属物体（12）进行阳极氧化。当处理植入物以提供具有引入杀生物材料如银离子的能力的表面时，这是适用的。预阳极氧化使用低电压，例如不超过2.V，并且可能需要少于120秒。

16. 发明申请

US20130075267A1 Metal Treatment 有权
标题翻译：金属处理
公开(公告)号：US20130075267A1
公开(公告)日：2013-03-28
申请号：US13701119
申请日：2011-05-25
申请人： James Timothy Shawcross , Andrew Derek Turner , David Richard Lewis
发明人： James Timothy Shawcross , Andrew Derek Turner , David Richard Lewis
IPC分类号： C25D5/02
CPC分类号： C25D5/02 , A61F2/30 , A61L27/04 , A61L27/54 , A61L2300/102 , A61L2400/18 , C25D11/022 , C25D11/024 , C25D11/26
摘要： Metal implants (10) are treated by anodising the surface (11, 12) in contact with an electrolyte, and then briefly subjecting the anodised surface to a reversed voltage. During a first anodising stage the surfaces are passivated, while during a subsequent anodising stage pits are formed in the passivating surface layer. Rough portions (15) of the surface, in particular portions produced by plasma spraying of metal powder, are sealed with a watertight cover (20) during at least part of the anodising process. After rinsing, biocidal metal ions are subsequently absorbed into the surface of the implant. This provides the implant with biocidal properties. The use of the cover (20) enables a more uniform geometric distribution of biocidal metal ions to be achieved.
摘要翻译：金属植入物（10）通过阳极氧化与电解质接触的表面（11,12）来处理，然后将阳极化表面短暂地经历反向电压。在第一阳极氧化阶段期间，表面被钝化，而在随后的阳极氧化阶段期间，在钝化表面层中形成凹坑。表面的粗糙部分（15），特别是通过等离子体喷涂金属粉末产生的部分，在至少部分阳极氧化过程中用防水罩（20）密封。在冲洗之后，杀生物金属离子随后被吸收到植入物的表面中。这提供了具有杀生物性质的植入物。使用盖（20）能够实现杀生物金属离子的更均匀的几何分布。

17. 发明申请

US20100292524A1 METHANE RECOVERY FROM A LANDFILL GAS 失效
标题翻译：甲烷从天然气回收
公开(公告)号：US20100292524A1
公开(公告)日：2010-11-18
申请号：US12160812
申请日：2007-01-09
申请人： Andrew Derek Turner , Richard John Lileystone , George Cutts
发明人： Andrew Derek Turner , Richard John Lileystone , George Cutts
IPC分类号： C07C7/11 , C07C7/00 , C07C7/144 , B01D53/02
CPC分类号： F28D7/16 , B01D2258/05 , C10L3/08 , C10L3/10 , C10L3/102 , F28F9/0275 , F28F13/06 , Y02E50/346
摘要： A process is provided for recovering methane from landfill feed gas and other anaerobic digestors. The process comprising the following steps: firstly treating the feed gas to remove H2S; subsequently compressing the gas; and then treating the gas to remove further impurities. Additionally, there is provided a chiller for reducing the temperature of a gas flow. The chiller comprising: a shell arranged to be chilled, a plurality of bores through the shell and through which the gas flows, in use, and forming, together with the shell, a heat exchanger, a tangential inlet to each bore for creating a spiral flow of the gas through the bore, in use. Furthermore, a process is provided for purifying a gas feed using a reversible gas absorber unit comprising two hollow fibre gas/liquid contactors, each of which is arranged to provide a counter-current flow. The process comprising: setting up a partial pressure gradient in the first contactor using a reversible absorber capable of forming an adduct with the gas to be removed, introducing feed gas to the first contactor, forming an adduct of the gas to be absorbed, feeding the adduct to the second contactor, supplying a flushing counter-current flow to the second contactor to liberate the gas, and re-circulating the reversible absorber to the first contactor.
摘要翻译：提供了一种从垃圾填埋气和其他厌氧消化器回收甲烷的方法。该方法包括以下步骤：首先处理进料气体以除去H 2 S; 随后压缩气体; 然后处理气体以除去进一步的杂质。另外，提供了一种用于降低气流温度的冷却器。冷却器包括：布置成被冷却的壳体，穿过壳体的多个孔，气体在使用中流动并与壳体一起形成热交换器，每个孔的切向入口用于产生螺旋在使用中通过孔的气体流动。此外，提供了使用包括两个中空纤维气体/液体接触器的可逆气体吸收器单元来净化气体进料的方法，每个中空纤维气体/液体接触器被布置成提供逆流。该方法包括：使用能够与要除去的气体形成加合物的可逆吸收器在第一接触器中建立分压梯度，将进料气体引入第一接触器，形成待吸收气体的加合物，加压到第二接触器，向第二接触器提供冲洗逆流以释放气体，并将可逆吸收体重新循环到第一接触器。

18. 发明申请

US20100036501A1 Metal Implants 有权
公开(公告)号：US20100036501A1
公开(公告)日：2010-02-11
申请号：US12539023
申请日：2009-08-11
申请人： Martin Edward Lee Pickford , Andrew Derek Turner
发明人： Martin Edward Lee Pickford , Andrew Derek Turner
IPC分类号： A61F2/32 , A61F2/02
CPC分类号： A61L27/54 , A61F2/30767 , A61F2/3094 , A61F2/32 , A61F2002/30929 , A61F2002/30967 , A61F2310/00017 , A61F2310/00023 , A61F2310/00029 , A61F2310/00089 , A61F2310/0052 , A61F2310/00592 , A61F2310/00598 , A61F2310/00796 , A61L27/04 , A61L27/306 , A61L27/32 , A61L2300/104 , A61L2300/404 , A61L2420/02 , A61L2430/02 , C25D11/02 , C25D11/26
摘要： A metal implant for use in a surgical procedure is provided with a surface layer that is integral with the metal substrate, and which incorporates a biocidal material. The surface layer may be grown from the metal substrate, by anodising, and the biocidal material incorporated in it by ion exchange. Alternatively the layer may be deposited by electroplating, followed by diffusion bonding so as to become integral with the metal substrate. In either case, silver is a suitable biocidal material; and both the release rate and the quantity of biocidal material should be low to avoid toxic effects on body cells. Electropolishing the surface before formation of the surface layer is also beneficial, and this may be achieved by electropolishing.

19. 发明授权

US09393349B2 Metal implants 有权
标题翻译：金属植入物
公开(公告)号：US09393349B2
公开(公告)日：2016-07-19
申请号：US12539023
申请日：2009-08-11
申请人： Martin Edward Lee Pickford , Andrew Derek Turner
发明人： Martin Edward Lee Pickford , Andrew Derek Turner
IPC分类号： A61L27/54 , C25D11/26 , A61F2/30 , A61L27/04 , A61L27/30 , A61L27/32 , C25D11/02 , A61F2/32
CPC分类号： A61L27/54 , A61F2/30767 , A61F2/3094 , A61F2/32 , A61F2002/30929 , A61F2002/30967 , A61F2310/00017 , A61F2310/00023 , A61F2310/00029 , A61F2310/00089 , A61F2310/0052 , A61F2310/00592 , A61F2310/00598 , A61F2310/00796 , A61L27/04 , A61L27/306 , A61L27/32 , A61L2300/104 , A61L2300/404 , A61L2420/02 , A61L2430/02 , C25D11/02 , C25D11/26
摘要： A metal implant for use in a surgical procedure is provided with a surface layer that is integral with the metal substrate, and which incorporates a biocidal material. The surface layer may be grown from the metal substrate, by anodizing, and the biocidal material incorporated in it by ion exchange. Alternatively the layer may be deposited by electroplating, followed by diffusion bonding so as to become integral with the metal substrate. In either case, silver is a suitable biocidal material; and both the release rate and the quantity of biocidal material should be low to avoid toxic effects on body cells. Electropolishing the surface before formation of the surface layer is also beneficial, and this may be achieved by electropolishing.
摘要翻译：用于外科手术的金属植入物具有与金属基底成一体的表面层，并且其包含杀生物材料。表面层可以通过阳极氧化从金属基底生长，并通过离子交换在其中引入生物杀伤材料。或者，可以通过电镀沉积该层，然后进行扩散接合，以便与金属基底成为一体。在任一情况下，银是合适的杀生物材料; 并且杀生物材料的释放速率和数量均应低，以避免对身体细胞的毒性作用。在形成表面层之前对表面进行电抛光也是有益的，并且这可以通过电解抛光来实现。

20. 发明授权

US09080250B2 Metal treatment to form a surface layer 有权
标题翻译：金属处理形成表面层
公开(公告)号：US09080250B2
公开(公告)日：2015-07-14
申请号：US13262344
申请日：2010-03-30
申请人： Andrew Derek Turner
发明人： Andrew Derek Turner
IPC分类号： C25D11/26 , A61L27/04 , A61L27/32 , A61L27/54 , A61F2/28
CPC分类号： C25D11/26 , A61F2/28 , A61L27/04 , A61L27/32 , A61L27/54 , A61L2300/104 , A61L2300/404 , A61L2300/606 , A61L2420/02
摘要： A metal object is treated to form an integral surface layer by: (a) immersing the metal object in an anodising electrolyte, and passivating the metal to form an anodised layer on the metal object; (b) continuing the application of a potential to modify the surface layer; (c) then treating the metal object with a chemical reducing agent so a hydrous metal oxide is formed; and (d) then contacting the metal object with a solution containing a biocidal material so as to incorporate biocidal material into the surface layer.
摘要翻译：通过以下方式处理金属物体以形成整体表面层：（a）将金属物体浸入阳极氧化电解质中，并钝化金属以在金属物体上形成阳极氧化层; （b）继续施加修改表面层的潜力; （c）然后用化学还原剂处理金属物体，形成含水金属氧化物; 和（d）然后使金属物体与含有杀生物材料的溶液接触，以将杀生物材料掺入表面层。

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