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11. 发明授权

US4898792A Electrochemical generator apparatus containing modified high temperature insulation and coated surfaces for use with hydrocarbon fuels 失效
标题翻译：含有改性高温绝缘和用于烃燃料的涂层表面的电化学发生装置
公开(公告)号：US4898792A
公开(公告)日：1990-02-06
申请号：US280915
申请日：1988-12-07
申请人： Prabhakar Singh , Roswell J. Ruka , Raymond A. George
发明人： Prabhakar Singh , Roswell J. Ruka , Raymond A. George
IPC分类号： H01M8/02 , H01M8/06 , H01M8/12 , H01M8/24
CPC分类号： H01M8/02 , H01M8/0625 , H01M8/1231 , H01M8/2425 , H01M8/243
摘要： An electrochemical generator apparatus (30) is constructed containing an electrochemical cell assembly which contains a plurality of electrochemical cells or cell bundles (41) and (43) and insulation materials in the form of at least one of porous partition boards (33) between cell bundles, porous generator insulation (44), porous cell support boards (45), porous fuel entry distribution boards (35), and porous fuel conditioner boards (53), where a gaseous fuel (46) containing hydrocarbons will contact the insulation materials, characterized in that at least one of the insulation materials is impregnated with metal atom containing material, where the metal is selected from the group consisting of (A) metals selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca-Al combinations, Sr-Al combinations, Ce, Ba, and mixtures thereof, and, (A) metals plus Ni. The impregnated insulation materials may also be pre-heated in air so that the oxides are formed prior to their insertion into the generator apparatus. These electrochemical cells are contacted with a hydrocarbon fuel gas and operated at over 700.degree. C. The metal oxides formed are effective in preventing cell assembly deterioration due to carbon deposition from the hydrocarbon fuel and any elemental nickel formed is effective as a fuel reforming medium.

12. 发明授权

US4861345A Method of bonding a conductive layer on an electrode of an electrochemical cell 失效
标题翻译：在电化学电池的电极上接合导电层的方法
公开(公告)号：US4861345A
公开(公告)日：1989-08-29
申请号：US194065
申请日：1988-05-13
申请人： Jeffrey C. Bowker , Prabhakar Singh
发明人： Jeffrey C. Bowker , Prabhakar Singh
IPC分类号： H01M8/12 , C23C16/02 , C23C16/40 , H01M8/02 , H01M8/24
CPC分类号： H01M8/243 , C23C16/0272 , C23C16/40 , H01M8/0215 , H01M8/0219 , Y10T29/49108 , Y10T29/49115
摘要： A dense, electronically conductive interconnection layer 26 is bonded onto a porous, tubular, electronically conductive air electrode structure 16, optionally supported by a ceramic support 22, by (A) providing an air electrode surface, (B) forming on a selected portion of the electrode surface 24, without the use of pressure, particles of LaCrO.sub.3 doped with an element selected from the group consisting of Sr, Mg, Ca, Ba, Co, and mixtures thereof, where the particles have a deposit on their surface comprising calcium oxide and chromium oxide; (C) heating the particles with the oxide surface deposit in an oxidizing atmosphere at from 1,300.degree. C. to 1,550.degree. C., without the application of pressure, to provide a dense, sintered, interconnection material 26 bonded to the air electrode 16, where calcium and chromium from the surface deposit are incorporated into the structure of the LaCrO.sub.3. A solid electrolyte layer 18 can be applied to the uncovered portion of the air electrode, and a fuel electrode 20 can be applied to the solid electrolyte, to provide an electrochemical cell 10.

13. 发明授权

US6114058A Iron aluminide alloy container for solid oxide fuel cells 失效
标题翻译：用于固体氧化物燃料电池的铝化铝合金容器
公开(公告)号：US6114058A
公开(公告)日：2000-09-05
申请号：US84145
申请日：1998-05-26
申请人： Roddie Reagan Judkins , Prabhakar Singh , Vinod Kumar Sikka
发明人： Roddie Reagan Judkins , Prabhakar Singh , Vinod Kumar Sikka
IPC分类号： C22C38/00 , C22C38/18 , C22C38/34 , H01M8/02 , H01M8/04 , H01M8/12 , H01M8/24 , H01M8/00 , H01M2/00 , H01M4/00
CPC分类号： H01M8/247 , H01M8/02 , Y10T428/13
摘要： A container for fuel cells is made from an iron aluminide alloy. The container alloy preferably includes from about 13 to about 22 weight percent Al, from about 2 to about 8 weight percent Cr, from about 0.1 to about 4 weight percent M selected from Zr and Hf, from about 0.005 to about 0.5 weight percent B or from about 0.001 to about 1 weight percent C, and the balance Fe and incidental impurities. The iron aluminide container alloy is extremely resistant to corrosion and metal loss when exposed to dual reducing and oxidizing atmospheres at elevated temperatures. The alloy is particularly useful for containment vessels for solid oxide fuel cells, as a replacement for stainless steel alloys which are currently used.
摘要翻译：用于燃料电池的容器由铁铝化合物合金制成。容器合金优选包括约13至约22重量％的Al，约2至约8重量％的Cr，约0.1至约4重量％的M，选自Zr和Hf，约0.005至约0.5重量百分比的B或约0.001至约1重量％的C，余量为Fe和附带的杂质。铁铝化合物容器合金在高温下暴露于双重还原和氧化气氛时极其耐腐蚀和金属损失。该合金特别适用于固体氧化物燃料电池的容纳容器，作为当前使用的不锈钢合金的替代物。

14. 发明授权

US5527631A Hydrocarbon reforming catalyst material and configuration of the same 失效
标题翻译：烃重整催化剂材料及其构造
公开(公告)号：US5527631A
公开(公告)日：1996-06-18
申请号：US539814
申请日：1995-10-04
申请人： Prabhakar Singh , Larry A. Shockling , Raymond A. George , Richard A. Basel
发明人： Prabhakar Singh , Larry A. Shockling , Raymond A. George , Richard A. Basel
IPC分类号： F02M27/02 , B01J23/78 , B01J23/89 , B01J35/02 , B01J35/04 , C01B3/40 , H01M8/06 , H01M8/18 , H01M8/10
CPC分类号： C01B3/40 , B01J35/02 , B01J35/04 , H01M8/0625 , C01B2203/1041 , C01B2203/1052 , C01B2203/107 , C01B2203/1082 , Y02P20/52
摘要： A hydrocarbon reforming catalyst material comprising a catalyst support impregnated with catalyst is provided for reforming hydrocarbon fuel gases in an electrochemical generator. Elongated electrochemical cells convert the fuel to electrical power in the presence of an oxidant, after which the spent fuel is recirculated and combined with a fresh hydrocarbon feed fuel forming the reformable gas mixture which is fed to a reforming chamber containing a reforming catalyst material, where the reforming catalyst material includes discrete passageways integrally formed along the length of the catalyst support in the direction of reformable gas flow. The spent fuel and/or combusted exhaust gases discharged from the generator chamber transfer heat to the catalyst support, which in turn transfers heat to the reformable gas and to the catalyst, preferably via a number of discrete passageways disposed adjacent one another in the reforming catalyst support. The passageways can be slots extending inwardly from an outer surface of the support body, which slots are partly defined by an exterior confining wall. According to a preferred embodiment, the catalyst support is non-rigid, porous, fibrous alumina, wherein the fibers are substantially unsintered and compressible, and the reforming catalyst support is impregnated, at least in the discrete passageways with Ni and MgO, and has a number of internal slot passageways for reformable gas, the slot passageways being partly closed by a containing outer wall.
摘要翻译：提供了一种包含浸渍有催化剂的催化剂载体的烃重整催化剂材料，用于在电化学发生器中重整碳氢化合物燃料气体。细长的电化学电池在氧化剂存在下将燃料转化为电力，之后废燃料再循环并与形成可重整气体混合物的新鲜烃进料燃料组合，该可重整气体混合物被供给到含有重整催化剂材料的重整室，其中重整催化剂材料包括沿可催化气体流动方向沿催化剂载体的长度一体形成的离散通道。从发生器室排放的乏燃料和/或燃烧的废气将热量转移到催化剂载体，催化剂载体又将热量转移到可重整气体和催化剂，优选通过在重整催化剂中彼此相邻设置的多个离散通道支持。通道可以是从支撑体的外表面向内延伸的槽，该狭缝部分地由外部限制壁限定。根据优选的实施方案，催化剂载体是非刚性多孔的纤维状氧化铝，其中纤维基本上是未烧结和可压缩的，并且重整催化剂载体至少在具有Ni和MgO的离散通道中浸渍，并且具有用于可重整气体的内槽通道的数量，槽通道由容纳的外壁部分地封闭。

15. 发明申请

US20130287663A1 SYSTEM, SORBENTS, AND PROCESSES FOR CAPTURE AND RELEASE OF CO2 审中-公开
标题翻译： CO2吸收和释放的系统，分类和方法
公开(公告)号：US20130287663A1
公开(公告)日：2013-10-31
申请号：US13776474
申请日：2013-02-25
申请人： Keling Zhang , David L. King , Xiaohong S. Li , Liyu Li , Aashish Rohatgi , Prabhakar Singh
发明人： Keling Zhang , David L. King , Xiaohong S. Li , Liyu Li , Aashish Rohatgi , Prabhakar Singh
IPC分类号： B01D53/14 , B01J20/04
CPC分类号： B01D53/14 , B01D53/02 , B01D53/04 , B01D53/0462 , B01D53/047 , B01D2251/402 , B01D2253/1124 , B01D2257/504 , B01J20/041 , B01J20/043 , B01J20/3021 , B01J20/3078 , Y02C10/06 , Y02C10/08
摘要： A system, sorbent formulations, methods of preparation, and methods are described that provide selective sorption and release of CO2 from CO2-containing gases such as syngas. The sorbent may include magnesium oxide (MgO) and a group-I alkali metal nitrate. The sorbent may also include a group-I alkali metal carbonate and/or a group-II alkaline-earth metal carbonate.
摘要翻译：描述了一种系统，吸附剂制剂，制备方法和方法，其提供了从含CO 2气体如合成气中选择性吸附和释放CO 2。吸附剂可以包括氧化镁（MgO）和第一族碱金属硝酸盐。吸附剂还可以包括I族碱金属碳酸盐和/或II族碱土金属碳酸盐。

16. 发明申请

US20100047656A1 Dense Gd-doped Ceria Layers on Porous Substrates and Methods of Making the Same 审中-公开
标题翻译：多孔基底上的Gd掺杂的二氧化铈层及其制备方法
公开(公告)号：US20100047656A1
公开(公告)日：2010-02-25
申请号：US12194326
申请日：2008-08-19
申请人： Xiaohong S Li , Prabhakar Singh , Xiao-Dong Zhou
发明人： Xiaohong S Li , Prabhakar Singh , Xiao-Dong Zhou
IPC分类号： H01M8/10 , B05D5/12
CPC分类号： H01M8/1213 , H01M4/8657 , H01M4/8828 , H01M4/8885 , H01M4/8892 , H01M4/9066 , H01M8/126 , H01M2300/0094 , Y02E60/525 , Y02P70/56
摘要： Solid-state ionic or electrochemical devices can depend critically on the proper formation of a dense, Gd-doped ceria (GDC) layer on a porous substrate. Devices and methods of the present invention are characterized by the formation of a transitional buffer layer, which is less than 10 microns thick and comprises GDC, located between the porous substrate and the dense GDC layer. The transitional buffer layer provides a practical way to form the dense GDC layer on the porous substrate without cracks in the GDC layer and without clogging the pores of the substrate.
摘要翻译：固态离子或电化学装置可以严格依赖于在多孔基底上适当形成致密的Gd掺杂的二氧化铈（GDC）层。本发明的装置和方法的特征在于形成小于10微米厚的过渡缓冲层，并且包括位于多孔基底和致密GDC层之间的GDC。过渡缓冲层提供了在多孔基材上形成致密GDC层的实用方法，在GDC层中没有裂纹并且不堵塞基底的孔。

17. 发明授权

US06315820B1 Method of manufacturing thin metal alloy foils 失效
标题翻译：薄金属合金箔的制造方法
公开(公告)号：US06315820B1
公开(公告)日：2001-11-13
申请号：US09420620
申请日：1999-10-19
申请人： George Steve Saloka , Mujeeb Ismael Ijaz , Prabhakar Singh
发明人： George Steve Saloka , Mujeeb Ismael Ijaz , Prabhakar Singh
IPC分类号： B01D5322
CPC分类号： C01B3/505 , B32B15/01 , C22C1/00 , C23C14/0005 , Y10S55/05 , Y10T428/12438 , Y10T428/12875 , Y10T428/12903
摘要： A method of manufacturing thin foil alloys through a series of steps. A carrier having a polished carrier surface is placed within a deposition chamber. The carrier surface is generally polished to a mirrored surface finish. A sacrificial layer is applied atop the carrier surface. The sacrificial layer is made of a material that may be easily dissolved or separated from the carrier surface to remove the metal foil. The carrier surface and sacrificial layer are placed within the deposition chamber. The sacrificial layer is exposed to an evaporated first metal which becomes deposited upon the sacrificial layer. An evaporated second metal is then applied concurrently or sequentially with the first metal. The first and second evaporated metals solidify on the sacrificial layer to form a multilayer foil. At this point, the multilayer foil includes discrete layers or areas of the evaporated metals.
摘要翻译：通过一系列步骤制造薄箔合金的方法。具有抛光载体表面的载体被放置在沉积室内。载体表面通常被抛光成镜面表面光洁度。在载体表面上施加牺牲层。牺牲层由可容易地从载体表面溶解或分离以除去金属箔的材料制成。载体表面和牺牲层被放置在沉积室内。牺牲层暴露于沉积在牺牲层上的蒸发的第一金属。然后与第一金属同时或顺序地施加蒸发的第二金属。第一和第二蒸发金属在牺牲层上固化以形成多层箔。在这一点上，多层箔包括离散的层或蒸发的金属的区域。

18. 发明授权

US5516597A Protective interlayer for high temperature solid electrolyte electrochemical cells 失效
标题翻译：高温固体电解质电化学电池保护层
公开(公告)号：US5516597A
公开(公告)日：1996-05-14
申请号：US334990
申请日：1994-11-07
申请人： Prabhakar Singh , Theodore R. Vasilow , Von L. Richards
发明人： Prabhakar Singh , Theodore R. Vasilow , Von L. Richards
IPC分类号： H01M8/02 , H01M8/12
CPC分类号： H01M8/0215 , H01M2008/1293 , H01M2300/0074 , H01M8/0217 , Y02P70/56
摘要： The invention comprises of an electrically conducting doped or admixed cerium oxide composition with niobium oxide and/or tantalum oxide for electrochemical devices, characterized by the general formula:Nb.sub.x Ta.sub.y Ce.sub.1-x-y O.sub.2where x is about 0.0 to 0.05, y is about 0.0 to 0.05, and x+y is about 0.02 to 0.05, and where x is preferably about 0.02 to 0.05 and y is 0, and a method of making the same. This novel composition is particularly applicable in forming a protective interlayer of a high temperature, solid electrolyte electrochemical cell (10), characterized by a first electrode (12); an electrically conductive interlayer (14) of niobium and/or tantalum doped cerium oxide deposited over at least a first portion (R) of the first electrode; an interconnect (16) deposited over the interlayer; a solid electrolyte (18) deposited over a second portion of the first electrode, the first portion being discontinuous from the second portion; and, a second electrode (20) deposited over the solid electrolyte. The interlayer (14) is characterized as being porous and selected from the group consisting of niobium doped cerium oxide, tantalum doped cerium oxide, and niobium and tantalum doped cerium oxide or admixtures of the same. The first electrode (12), an air electrode, is a porous layer of doped lanthanum manganite, the solid electrolyte layer (18) is a dense yttria stabilized zirconium oxide, the interconnect layer (16) is a dense, doped lanthanum chromite, and the second electrode (20), a fuel electrode, is a porous layer of nickel-zirconium oxide cermet. The electrochemical cell (10) can take on a plurality of shapes such as annular, planar, etc. and can be connected to a plurality of electrochemical cells in series and/or in parallel to generate electrical energy.
摘要翻译：本发明包括具有氧化铌和/或氧化钽用于电化学装置的导电掺杂或混合的氧化铈组合物，其特征在于以下通式：Nb x T a C e 1-x-y O 2，其中x为约0.0至0.05，y为约0.0至0.05 ，x + y为约0.02〜0.05，其中x优选为约0.02〜0.05，y为0，其制造方法。该新型组合物特别适用于形成高温固体电解质电化学电池（10）的保护性中间层，其特征在于第一电极（12）。在第一电极的至少第一部分（R）上沉积的铌和/或钽掺杂的氧化铈的导电中间层（14）; 沉积在中间层上的互连（16）; 沉积在所述第一电极的第二部分上的固体电解质（18），所述第一部分与所述第二部分不连续; 和沉积在固体电解质上的第二电极（20）。中间层（14）的特征在于是多孔的，并且选自铌掺杂的氧化铈，掺杂钽的氧化铈，以及铌和钽掺杂的氧化铈或其掺杂物。第一电极（12）是空气电极，是掺杂的亚锰酸镧的多孔层，固体电解质层（18）是致密的氧化钇稳定的氧化锆，互连层（16）是致密掺杂的亚铬酸镧，第二电极（20）是燃料电极，是镍 - 锆氧化物金属陶瓷的多孔层。电化学电池（10）可以承受多个形状，例如环形，平面等，并且可以串联和/或并联连接到多个电化学电池以产生电能。

19. 发明授权

US4992342A Stabilized carbonate fuel cell cathode 失效
标题翻译：稳定碳酸盐燃料电池阴极
公开(公告)号：US4992342A
公开(公告)日：1991-02-12
申请号：US725257
申请日：1985-04-19
申请人： Prabhakar Singh , Randolph M. Bernard , Lawrence M. Paetsch , Ronald D. Chamberlin
发明人： Prabhakar Singh , Randolph M. Bernard , Lawrence M. Paetsch , Ronald D. Chamberlin
IPC分类号： H01M4/86 , H01M4/90 , H01M8/02 , H01M8/14
CPC分类号： H01M4/86 , H01M4/9016 , H01M8/141 , H01M2008/147 , H01M2300/0051 , H01M8/148 , Y02E60/526
摘要： Migration and/or dissolution of Ni from the cathode of a molten carbonate fuel cell is retarded by the incorporation of a constituent adapted to effect such retardation.
摘要翻译：由熔融碳酸盐燃料电池的阴极的Ni的迁移和/或溶解通过引入适于实现这种延迟的组分而被延迟。

20. 发明授权

US06572993B2 Fuel cell systems with controlled anode exhaust 失效
公开(公告)号：US06572993B2
公开(公告)日：2003-06-03
申请号：US09742757
申请日：2000-12-20
申请人： Prabhakar Singh , Mehrdad Teimor , Walter Franklin Clark
发明人： Prabhakar Singh , Mehrdad Teimor , Walter Franklin Clark
IPC分类号： H01M804
CPC分类号： H01M16/003 , H01M8/04 , H01M8/0662
摘要： An electrical storage device is coupled in parallel to a fuel cell contained within a fuel cell power generation system. The electrical storage device is either a battery pack, a plurality of capacitors, or a plurality of supercapacitors and is capable of electrochemically oxidizing a quantity of reformer gas contained within an anode chamber of the fuel cell during transient load conditions by charging from a preset state of charge towards full capacity. The energy storage device thereby prevents large quantities of unoxidized reformer gas from entering a chamber of a combuster during transient load conditions, unoxidized reformer gas that generates a tremendous amount of heat when burned that can corrode or damage the combuster. The energy storage device discharges the excess charge when the fuel cell power generation system returns to normal load conditions or during transient load conditions when the amount of reformer gas entering the anode chamber has been reduced so that the amount of unoxidized reformer gas entering the combuster is maintained at a nearly constant level.

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