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11. 发明授权

US5675706A Vocabulary independent discriminative utterance verification for non-keyword rejection in subword based speech recognition 失效
标题翻译：词义独立的歧视话语验证在非关键词拒绝基于词的语音识别
公开(公告)号：US5675706A
公开(公告)日：1997-10-07
申请号：US414243
申请日：1995-03-31
申请人： Chin-Hui Lee , Rafid Antoon Sukkar
发明人： Chin-Hui Lee , Rafid Antoon Sukkar
IPC分类号： G10L15/00 , G10L15/04 , G10L15/14 , G10L5/04
CPC分类号： G10L15/04 , G10L15/142 , G10L2015/088
摘要： A verification system to determine unknown input speech contains a recognized keyword or consists of speech or other sounds that do not contain any of the keywords. The verification system is designed to operate on the subword level, so that the verification process is advantageously vocabulary independent. Such a vocabulary-independent verifier is achieved by a two-stage verification process comprising subword level verification followed by string level verification. The subword level verification stage verifies each subword segment in the input speech as determined by an Hidden Markov Model recognizer to determine if that segment consists of the sound corresponding to the subword that the HMM recognizer assigned to that segment. The string level verification stage combines the results of the subword level verification to make the rejection decision for the whole keyword. Advantageously, the training of this two-stage verifier is independent of the specific vocabulary set implying that when the vocabulary set is update or changed the verifier need not be retrained and can still be reliably verifying the new set of keywords.
摘要翻译：用于确定未知输入语音的验证系统包含识别的关键字或由不包含任何关键字的语音或其他声音组成。验证系统被设计为在子词级上操作，使得验证过程有利于词汇独立。这种与词汇无关的验证器通过两级验证过程来实现，该验证过程包括字符级验证，随后是字符串级验证。子词级验证阶段验证由隐马尔可夫模型识别器确定的输入语音中的每个子词段，以确定该段是否由HMM识别器分配给该段的子词对应的声音组成。字符串级验证阶段结合了词级验证的结果，为整个关键字做出拒绝决定。有利的是，这种两阶段验证者的训练是独立于具体的词汇集，这意味着当词汇集被更新或改变时，验证者不需要再培训，并且仍然可靠地验证新的关键词集合。

12. 发明授权

US5675704A Speaker verification with cohort normalized scoring 失效
标题翻译：演讲者验证与队列归一化得分
公开(公告)号：US5675704A
公开(公告)日：1997-10-07
申请号：US638401
申请日：1996-04-26
申请人： Biing-Hwang Juang , Chin-Hui Lee , Aaron Edward Rosenberg , Frank Kao-Ping Soong
发明人： Biing-Hwang Juang , Chin-Hui Lee , Aaron Edward Rosenberg , Frank Kao-Ping Soong
IPC分类号： G10L15/10 , G10L15/00 , G10L15/14 , G10L17/00 , H04M3/38 , H04M3/42 , H04M15/00 , G10L5/06
CPC分类号： G10L17/00 , G10L17/12 , H04M3/382 , H04M3/42204 , G10L15/142 , H04M15/00 , H04M2201/40
摘要： A facility is provided for allowing a caller to place a telephone call by merely uttering a label identifying a desired called destination and to charge the telephone call to a particular billing account by merely uttering a label identifying that account. Alternatively, the caller may place the call by dialing or uttering the telephone number of the called destination or by entering a speed dial code associated with that telephone number. The facility includes a speaker verification system which employs cohort normalized scoring. Cohort normalized scoring provides a dynamic threshold for the verification process making the process more robust to variation in training and verification utterences. Such variation may be caused by, e.g., changes in communication channel characteristics or speaker loudness level.
摘要翻译：提供了一种设施，用于允许呼叫者通过仅仅发出标识期望的被叫目的地的标签来进行电话呼叫，并通过仅仅发出标识该帐户的标签来将电话呼叫收费到特定的记帐帐户。或者，呼叫者可以通过拨打或说出被叫目的地的电话号码或通过输入与该电话号码相关联的快速拨号代码来进行呼叫。该设施包括使用队列归一化得分的扬声器验证系统。队列归一化得分为验证过程提供了动态门槛，使得过程对培训和验证发现的变化更加鲁棒。这种变化可以由例如通信信道特性或扬声器响度水平的变化引起。

13. 发明授权

US4689760A Digital tone decoder and method of decoding tones using linear prediction coding 失效
标题翻译：数字音调解码器和使用线性预测编码解码音调的方法
公开(公告)号：US4689760A
公开(公告)日：1987-08-25
申请号：US670585
申请日：1984-11-09
申请人： Chin-hui Lee , David Y. Wong
发明人： Chin-hui Lee , David Y. Wong
IPC分类号： H04Q1/457 , G06G7/19 , H04M3/00
CPC分类号： H04Q1/4575
摘要： An all digital feature based pattern recognition tone detection system distinguishes one or more tones from speech or other background noise and provides extremely reliable, low cost DTMF tone detection. The system includes a digital signal processing system which uses a modified PARCOR signal analysis technique to efficiently calculate inverse filter coefficients defining in functional form a smoothed LPC spectrum from a received frame of digital pulse code data. A Fourier transform provides high resolution evaluation of the LPC data at frequencies of interest to permit evaluation of the spectral response in accordance with known features of an expected tone signal.
摘要翻译：基于全数字特征的模式识别音检测系统将一个或多个音调区分为语音或其他背景噪声，并提供极其可靠，低成本的DTMF音检测。该系统包括数字信号处理系统，其使用经修改的PARCOR信号分析技术来有效地计算从接收的数字脉冲码数据帧中以功能形式定义平滑LPC频谱的反相滤波器系数。傅立叶变换提供感兴趣频率的LPC数据的高分辨率评估，以允许根据预期音调信号的已知特征来评估频谱响应。

14. 发明申请

US20050129188A1 Key segment spotting in voice messages 审中-公开
标题翻译：语音信息中的关键段发现
公开(公告)号：US20050129188A1
公开(公告)日：2005-06-16
申请号：US11049347
申请日：2005-02-02
申请人： Chin-Hui Lee , Padma Ramesh
发明人： Chin-Hui Lee , Padma Ramesh
IPC分类号： G10L15/08 , G10L13/00 , G10L15/00 , G10L15/10 , G10L15/18 , G10L15/22 , G10L19/00 , H04M3/533 , H04M1/64 , H04M11/00
CPC分类号： H04M3/53333 , G10L15/187 , G10L15/22 , G10L2015/088 , H04M2201/40 , H04M2203/303
摘要： A method and system of identifying and spotting segments containing key information in voice messages. The method can be used to spot a key segment such as a name segment in a voice message by detecting and verifying the presence of a phrase such as “My name is . . . ” or “This is . . . ”. Once the key segment of interest has been spotted, the method provides the user with only the pertinent information (e.g., the name of the caller), which is contained in the key segment. This allows a user retrieving a message to hear just a desired section or sections of a message without listening to the rest of the message.
摘要翻译：识别和发现包含语音留言中的密钥信息的段的方法和系统。该方法可用于通过检测和验证诸如“我的名字是...”或“这是...”之类的短语的存在来在语音消息中发现诸如名称段的关键段。一旦感兴趣的关键段被发现，该方法向用户提供包含在密钥段中的相关信息（例如呼叫者的名称）。这允许用户在不收听消息的其余部分的情况下检索消息以仅听到消息的所需部分或消息。

15. 发明授权

US06782363B2 Method and apparatus for performing real-time endpoint detection in automatic speech recognition 有权
标题翻译：用于在自动语音识别中执行实时端点检测的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06782363B2
公开(公告)日：2004-08-24
申请号：US09848897
申请日：2001-05-04
申请人： Chin-Hui Lee , Qi P. Li , Jinsong Zheng , Qiru Zhou
发明人： Chin-Hui Lee , Qi P. Li , Jinsong Zheng , Qiru Zhou
IPC分类号： G10L1500
CPC分类号： G10L25/87 , G10L25/24
摘要： A method and apparatus for performing real-time endpoint detection for use in automatic speech recognition. A filter is applied to the input speech signal and the filter output is then evaluated with use of a state transition diagram (i.e., a finite state machine). The filter is advantageously designed in light of several criteria in order to increase the accuracy and robustness of detection. The state transition diagram advantageously has three states. The endpoints which are detected may then be advantageously applied to the problem of energy normalization of the speech portion of the signal.
摘要翻译：一种用于执行实时端点检测以用于自动语音识别的方法和装置。将滤波器应用于输入语音信号，然后使用状态转换图（即，有限状态机）来评估滤波器输出。根据若干标准有利地设计过滤器，以便提高检测的精度和鲁棒性。状态转换图有利地具有三种状态。所检测到的端点可以有利地应用于信号的语音部分的能量归一化的问题。

16. 发明授权

US06519563B1 Background model design for flexible and portable speaker verification systems 失效
标题翻译：用于灵活和便携式扬声器验证系统的背景模型设计
公开(公告)号：US06519563B1
公开(公告)日：2003-02-11
申请号：US09444106
申请日：1999-11-22
申请人： Chin-Hui Lee , Qi P. Li , Olivier Siohan , Arun Chandrasekaran Surendran
发明人： Chin-Hui Lee , Qi P. Li , Olivier Siohan , Arun Chandrasekaran Surendran
IPC分类号： G10L1514
CPC分类号： G10L17/04 , G10L17/16
摘要： A speaker verification method and apparatus which advantageously minimizes the constraints on the customer and simplifies the system architecture by using a speaker dependent, rather than a speaker independent, background model, thereby obtaining many of the advantages of using a background model in a speaker verification process without many of the disadvantages thereof. In particular, no training data (e.g. speech) from anyone other than the customer is required, no speaker independent models need to be produced, no a priori knowledge of acoustic rules are required, and, no multi-lingual phone models, dictionaries, or letter-to-sound rules are needed. Nonetheless, in accordance with an illustrative embodiment of the present invention, the customer is free to select any password phrase in any language. Specifically, and in accordance with an illustrative embodiment of the present invention, the background model comprises a hidden Markov model having a cruder acoustic resolution than the customer model, which may, for example, be achieved by providing a background model containing fewer states than the customer model.
摘要翻译：扬声器验证方法和装置，其有利地最小化对客户的约束并且通过使用说话者依赖而不是独立于扬声器的背景模型来简化系统架构，从而获得在说话者验证过程中使用背景模型的许多优点没有许多缺点。特别是，不需要除客户以外的任何人员的培训数据（例如语音），不需要制作无须讲话的独立模型，不需要对声学规则的先验知识，也不需要多语言手机模型，词典或需要符合条件的规则。然而，根据本发明的说明性实施例，客户可以随意选择任何语言的任何密码短语。具体地，根据本发明的说明性实施例，背景模型包括具有比客户模型更为重要的声音分辨率的隐马尔可夫模型，其可以例如通过提供包含比该模型更少的状态的背景模型来实现客户型号。

17. 发明授权

US06277685B1 Method of forming a node contact hole on a semiconductor wafer 有权
标题翻译：在半导体晶片上形成节点接触孔的方法
公开(公告)号：US06277685B1
公开(公告)日：2001-08-21
申请号：US09421261
申请日：1999-10-20
申请人： Benjamin Szu-Min Lin , Jung-Chao Chiou , Chin-Hui Lee , Chuan-Fu Wang
发明人： Benjamin Szu-Min Lin , Jung-Chao Chiou , Chin-Hui Lee , Chuan-Fu Wang
IPC分类号： H01L218242
CPC分类号： H01L27/10855 , H01L21/76802 , H01L21/76831 , H01L21/76895 , H01L21/76897
摘要： The present invention provides a method of forming a node contact hole on a semiconductor wafer. The semiconductor wafer comprises a silicon substrate, a first dielectric layer positioned on the silicon substrate, two bit lines positioned on the first dielectric layer which form a first groove between the two bit lines and the surface of the first dielectric layer, and a second dielectric layer positioned on each of the two bit lines. A lithographic process is performed to form a photoresist layer on the second dielectric layer with at least one second groove extending down to the second dielectric layer wherein the second groove is positioned above the first groove and is perpendicular to the first groove. An etching process is performed along the second groove of the photoresist layer to remove the second dielectric layer and the first dielectric layer under the second groove down to the surface of the silicon substrate so as to approximately form the node contact hole. Finally, a spacer is formed using an insulating material on the walls of the node contact hole to complete the node contact hole. The spacer completely covers the walls of the two bit lines within the node contact hole but the surface of the silicon substrate exposed at the bottom of the node contact hole is not completely covered by the spacer.
摘要翻译：本发明提供一种在半导体晶片上形成节点接触孔的方法。半导体晶片包括硅衬底，位于硅衬底上的第一电介质层，位于第一电介质层上的两个位线，其在两个位线之间形成第一沟槽和第一电介质层的表面;以及第二电介质层位于两个位线中的每一个上。执行平版印刷工艺以在第二介电层上形成光致抗蚀剂层，其中至少一个第二凹槽向下延伸到第二介电层，其中第二凹槽位于第一凹槽的上方并且垂直于第一凹槽。沿着光致抗蚀剂层的第二凹槽进行蚀刻处理，以将第二介电层和第二凹槽下的第一介电层向下移动到硅衬底的表面，以便大致形成节点接触孔。最后，在节点接触孔的壁上使用绝缘材料形成间隔物，以完成节点接触孔。间隔件完全覆盖节点接触孔内的两个位线的壁，但是在节点接触孔的底部露出的硅衬底的表面不完全被间隔件覆盖。

18. 发明授权

US5805772A Systems, methods and articles of manufacture for performing high resolution N-best string hypothesization 失效
标题翻译：用于执行高分辨率N最佳字符串假设的系统，方法和制造
公开(公告)号：US5805772A
公开(公告)日：1998-09-08
申请号：US366843
申请日：1994-12-30
申请人： Wu Chou , Biing-Hwang Juang , Chin-Hui Lee , Tatsuo Matsuoka
发明人： Wu Chou , Biing-Hwang Juang , Chin-Hui Lee , Tatsuo Matsuoka
IPC分类号： G10L15/02 , G10L15/08 , G10L15/18 , G10L9/00
CPC分类号： G10L15/08 , G10L15/197
摘要： Disclosed are systems, methods and articles of manufacture for performing high resolution N-best string hypothesization during speech recognition. A received input signal, representing a speech utterance, is processed utilizing a plurality of recognition models to generate one or more string hypotheses of the received input signal. The plurality of recognition models preferably include one or more inter-word context dependent models and one or more language models. A forward partial path map is produced according to the allophonic specifications of at least one of the inter-word context dependent models and the language models. The forward partial path map is traversed in the backward direction as a function of the allophonic specifications to generate the one or more string hypotheses. One or more of the recognition models may represent one phone words.
摘要翻译：公开了用于在语音识别期间执行高分辨率N最佳字符串假设的系统，方法和制品。使用多个识别模型来处理表示语音话音的接收到的输入信号，以产生所接收的输入信号的一个或多个字符串假设。多个识别模型优选地包括一个或多个词间上下文相关模型和一个或多个语言模型。根据至少一个字词上下文相关模型和语言模型的等式规范来产生前向部分路径图。作为生成一个或多个字符串假设的等式规范的函数，向前方向遍历前向部分路径图。一个或多个识别模型可以表示一个电话词。

19. 发明授权

US5737489A Discriminative utterance verification for connected digits recognition 失效
标题翻译：连接数字识别的歧视性话语验证
公开(公告)号：US5737489A
公开(公告)日：1998-04-07
申请号：US528902
申请日：1995-09-15
申请人： Wu Chou , Biing-Hwang Juang , Chin-Hui Lee , Mazin G. Rahim
发明人： Wu Chou , Biing-Hwang Juang , Chin-Hui Lee , Mazin G. Rahim
IPC分类号： G09B19/06 , G10L15/06 , G10L15/10 , G10L15/14 , G10L15/22 , G10L15/28 , G10L5/06
CPC分类号： G10L15/144 , G10L15/063 , G10L15/10
摘要： In a speech recognition system, a recognition processor receives an unknown utterance signal as input. The recognition processor in response to the unknown utterance signal input accesses a recognition database and scores the utterance signal against recognition models in the recognition database to classify the unknown utterance and to generate a hypothesis speech signal. A verification processor receives the hypothesis speech signal as input to be verified. The verification processor accesses a verification database to test the hypothesis speech signal against verification models reflecting a preselected type of training stored in the verification database. Based on the verification test, the verification processor generates a confidence measure signal. The confidence measure signal can be compared against a verification threshold to determine the accuracy of the recognition decision made by the recognition processor.
摘要翻译：在语音识别系统中，识别处理器接收未知的话音信号作为输入。响应于未知话语信号输入的识别处理器访问识别数据库，并根据识别数据库中的识别模型对话音信号进行评分，以对未知话语进行分类并生成假设语音信号。验证处理器接收假设语音信号作为待验证的输入。验证处理器访问验证数据库以针对反映存储在验证数据库中的预选类型的训练的验证模型来测试假设语音信号。基于验证测试，验证处理器产生置信度测量信号。可以将置信度信号与验证阈值进行比较，以确定由识别处理器进行的识别决策的准确性。

20. 发明授权

US5727124A Method of and apparatus for signal recognition that compensates for mismatching 失效
标题翻译：用于信号识别的方法和装置，用于补偿不匹配
公开(公告)号：US5727124A
公开(公告)日：1998-03-10
申请号：US263284
申请日：1994-06-21
申请人： Chin-Hui Lee , Ananth Sankar
发明人： Chin-Hui Lee , Ananth Sankar
IPC分类号： G06F15/18 , G06N3/00 , G10L15/02 , G10L15/06 , G10L15/08 , G10L15/14 , G10L15/16 , G10L15/20 , G10L15/22 , G10L19/00 , G10L21/02 , G10L5/00
CPC分类号： G10L15/065 , G10L15/14 , G10L25/27
摘要： Disclosed is a method for drastically reducing the average error rate for signals under mismatched conditions. The method takes a signal (e.g., speech signal) and a set of stored representations (e.g., stored representations of keywords) and performs at least one transformation that results in the signal more closely emulating the stored representations. This is accomplished by using one of three techniques. First, one may transform the signal so that the signal may be better approximated by (e.g., is closer to) one of the stored representations. Second, one may transform the set of stored representations so that one of the stored representations better approximates the signal. Third, one may transform both the signal and the set of stored representations.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于在不匹配条件下显着降低信号的平均误码率的方法。该方法获取信号（例如，语音信号）和一组存储的表示（例如，存储的关键字的表示），并执行至少一个导致信号更接近地仿真所存储的表示的变换。这通过使用三种技术之一来实现。首先，可以对信号进行变换，使得信号可以通过（例如，更靠近）存储的表示之一更好地近似。第二，可以转换所存储的表示集合，使得所存储的表示中的一个更接近于该信号。第三，可以转换信号和存储的表示集合。

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