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11. 发明授权

US4542525A Method and apparatus for classifying audio signals 失效
标题翻译：用于对音频信号进行分类的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4542525A
公开(公告)日：1985-09-17
申请号：US536213
申请日：1983-09-27
申请人： Reinhard Hopf
发明人： Reinhard Hopf
IPC分类号： G10H1/00 , G10L25/00 , G10L25/78 , H04R29/00
CPC分类号： G10H1/00 , G10L25/00 , G10L25/78 , G10H2210/046
摘要： The null transitions of an audio frequency signal are converted by Schmitt trigger circuits, one of which has a small hysteresis range centered on the null value and the other of which has a much larger hysteresis range likewise centered on the null value, into two binary pulse sequences of variable pulse lengths. The Schmitt trigger circuits are so constituted that a positive pulse length is produced by a negative null transition of the audio signal and vice versa and, moreover, the Schmitt trigger circuits return to their quiescent state 2 milliseconds after a positive null transition of the signal, also producing a positive pulse length, in this case beginning the indication of the pause. The pauses in the two binary pulse sequences thus produced, which exceed predetermined length (60 milliseconds in both cases and, additionally, 30 milliseconds in the case of the pulses formed by the Schmitt trigger with the narrower hysteresis range) and from the three different pause detection operations logic circuits derive either a speech recognition signal, a music recognition signal or an indication of an unidentifiable signal. The logic circuit uses as criteria the number of pauses and the time span of simultaneous or alternating appearance of signal pauses derived from the two different pulse sequences.
摘要翻译：音频信号的空转换由施密特触发电路转换，其中一个具有以零值为中心的小滞后范围，另一个具有同样以零值为中心的大得多的滞后范围为两个二进制脉冲可变脉冲长度序列。施密特触发器电路构成为通过音频信号的负零转换产生正脉冲长度，反之亦然，此外，施密特触发电路在信号的正零转换之后2毫秒恢复到静止状态，也产生正脉冲长度，在这种情况下开始暂停的指示。由此产生的两个二进制脉冲序列中的暂停超过预定长度（在两种情况下为60毫秒，另外在由具有较窄滞后范围的施密特触发器形成的脉冲的情况下为30毫秒），并且从三个不同的暂停检测操作逻辑电路导出语音识别信号，音乐识别信号或不可识别信号的指示。逻辑电路用作暂停次数和从两个不同脉冲序列导出的信号暂停同时或交替出现的时间间隔的标准。

12. 发明授权

US4450589A FM Receiver for reception of special announcements and general programs 失效
标题翻译： FM接收器用于接收特殊公告和一般程序
公开(公告)号：US4450589A
公开(公告)日：1984-05-22
申请号：US319655
申请日：1981-11-09
申请人： Norbert Eilers , Peter Bragas
发明人： Norbert Eilers , Peter Bragas
IPC分类号： H04H20/00 , G08G1/09 , H04B1/16 , H04B1/64
CPC分类号： G08G1/094
摘要： To improve reliability of recognition of an announcement recognition (AR) signal radiated by a transmitter upon broadcasting an announcement (e.g. traffic information, news, etc.) in the form of AM modulation of a 57 kHz auxiliary subcarrier, in which the subcarrier is essentially continuously modulated by region or radio-station recognition signals, the level of which changes when the announcement recognition signal is radiated, the subcarrier is filtered in the receiver, demodulated, and the degree of modulation by the frequency characteristics of the region or radio-station recognition frequency (RR) is sensed. If the modulation of the subcarrier at this frequency or frequency band (RR) drops from, for example, 60% modulation to 30% modulation, or less--a 50% level change--a switch (4) is activated which inhibits transmission of audio programs from an external source, such as a tape recorder (5), a tuner tuned to another station, or the like, and reproduces the program or announcement being broadcast by the station to which a region or radio-station recognition frequency is assigned. Termination of the AR signal (FIG. 3: t.sub.2), forming the AR modulation on the 57 kHz subcarrier, causes the switch (4) to revert for reproduction of previously controlled audio information upon increase in the level of the RR modulation on the subcarrier, which is sensed in a modulation sensing circuit or network (FIG. 2: 34-37).
摘要翻译：为了提高对发射机在以57kHz的辅助副载波的AM调制的形式广播通知（例如，交通信息，新闻等）时发射的通知识别（AR）信号的识别的可靠性，其中子载波基本上是通过区域或无线电台识别信号连续调制，其等级在通知识别信号被辐射时改变，副载波在接收机中被滤波，解调，并且通过区域或无线电台的频率特性的调制程度感测识别频率（RR）。如果在该频率或频带（RR）处的子载波的调制例如从60％调制降低到30％调制，或者更低 - 50％电平改变，则激活开关（4），禁止发送音频来自诸如磁带录像机（5）的外部源的程序，调谐到另一个站的调谐器等，并且再现由分配了区域或无线电台识别频率的站广播的节目或通知。在57kHz子载波上形成AR调制的AR信号（图3：t2）的终止使得开关（4）在副载波上的RR调制电平增加时恢复为先前控制的音频信息的再现，其在调制感测电路或网络中被感测（图2：34-37）。

13. 发明授权

US4334320A Traffic information radio signal receiver 失效
标题翻译：交通信息无线电信号接收机
公开(公告)号：US4334320A
公开(公告)日：1982-06-08
申请号：US210323
申请日：1980-11-25
申请人： Helmut Liman
发明人： Helmut Liman
IPC分类号： G08G1/09 , H04B1/16
CPC分类号： G08G1/093 , G08G1/094
摘要： To simulate presence of a traffic information signal in a traffic information receiver which is muted upon reproduction of tape cassette programs or operated at a predetermined level, a momentary-operating control button is connected to a timing circuit to establish a timing interval which, when exceeded, provides a signal to a traffic information transfer switch to transfer the signals received from the receiver through the traffic information channel to permit setting of the volume level under traffic information conditions as desired and to demonstrate the operability under such conditions; upon release of the button, the system reverts to reproduction of tape or traffic information signals received by the receiver. Traffic information can thus be simulated even though no traffic information is being radiated by the transmitter to which the receiver is tuned.
摘要翻译：为了模拟交通信息接收机的存在，在交换信息接收机中，当再现磁带盒程序或者以预定的电平运行时，该信号接收器被静音，瞬时操作的控制按钮被连接到定时电路以建立定时间隔向业务信息传送交换机提供信号，以通过交通信息信道传送从接收机接收到的信号，以允许根据需要在交通信息条件下设置音量级别并且在这种条件下证明可操作性; 在释放按钮时，系统恢复到由接收器接收的磁带或交通信息信号的再现。因此，即使接收机调谐到的发射机没有辐射交通信息，也可以模拟交通信息。

14. 发明授权

US4313222A H-F Portion of TV receiver 失效
标题翻译： H-F电视接收机部分
公开(公告)号：US4313222A
公开(公告)日：1982-01-26
申请号：US149028
申请日：1980-05-12
申请人： Walter Katthan
发明人： Walter Katthan
IPC分类号： H03D7/00 , H04B1/26
CPC分类号： H03D7/00 , H03D2200/0017
摘要： The output electrode of a field effect transistor of a high-frequency input stage is connected to a capacitively coupled input (gate) electrode of the field effect transistor of a mixer stage through one of a pair of bifilarly wound coils provided on a ferrite core, while the second of these coils connects the same input of the mixer stage to the output of a local oscillator in such a way that two signal paths leading towards the mixer stage, respectively for the high-frequency signal and the oscillator signal, go through coupled coils in opposite winding directions. The result is that the path for signals in either direction between the local oscillator and the input stage are of much higher impedance than the paths for signals proceeding to the mixer stage respectively from the input stage and from the local oscillator.
摘要翻译：高频输入级的场效应晶体管的输出电极通过设置在铁氧体磁芯上的一对双线绕组的线圈之一连接到混频级的场效应晶体管的电容耦合输入（栅）电极，而这些线圈中的第二个线圈将混频器级的相同输入端连接到本地振荡器的输出端，使得分别针对高频信号和振荡器信号通向混频器级的两个信号路径经过耦合线圈绕着相反的方向。结果是，本地振荡器和输入级之间的任一方向上的信号路径的阻抗比分别从输入级和本地振荡器进入混频器级的信号的路径高得多。

15. 发明授权

US4205259A Horizontal deflection circuit for television systems 失效
标题翻译：电视系统的水平偏转电路
公开(公告)号：US4205259A
公开(公告)日：1980-05-27
申请号：US16386
申请日：1979-03-01
申请人： Bernd Schindler
发明人： Bernd Schindler
IPC分类号： H04N3/16 , H03K4/08 , H03K4/64 , H01J29/70 , H01J29/76
CPC分类号： H03K4/64 , H03K4/085
摘要： To protect the horizontal deflection circuit against reverse polarity high-voltage pulses derived from an inductance, which is provided to rapidly drain stored charge carriers of an output transistor thereof, a protective circuit is connected between the driver stage and the base of the output transistor which includes a transistor controlled by the driver stage, for example by a reverse polarity signal which renders the parallel connected transistor conductive, thereby short-circuiting the reverse polarity pulse with respect to the driver stage and protecting the driver stage thereagainst.
摘要翻译：为了保护水平偏转电路免受由电感导出的反极性高电压脉冲，该电压被提供以快速排出其输出晶体管的存储电荷载体，保护电路连接在输出晶体管的驱动级和基极之间，包括由驱动器级控制的晶体管，例如通过使并联的晶体管导通的反极性信号，从而相对于驱动级短路反极性脉冲，并在其上保护驱动级。

16. 发明授权

US4097988A Method of manufacturing thick-film resistors to precise electrical values 失效
标题翻译：制造厚膜电阻到精密电气值的方法
公开(公告)号：US4097988A
公开(公告)日：1978-07-04
申请号：US808643
申请日：1977-06-21
申请人： Frank-Dieter Hauschild
发明人： Frank-Dieter Hauschild
IPC分类号： H01C17/24 , H01C17/06
CPC分类号： H01C17/24 , Y10T29/49099
摘要： The resistance material of a thick-film resistor is applied to a substrate in a layer having a configuration that tapers in a direction transverse to the direction of flow of current and the conductive leads are provided in contact with the tapering edges of the layer. A small incision on the shorter side of the layer between the tapering edges to which the leads are applied will have a relatively large effect on the resistance value without great effect on the amount of the area that determines the power rating of the resistor, so that trimmming by such an incision can be done quickly and the resistance change with progressive incision is more uniform than in the case of a resistor layer of rectangular configuration.
摘要翻译：将厚膜电阻器的电阻材料施加到具有沿与电流流动方向横切的方向渐缩的构造的层中的基板，并且导电引线设置成与层的锥形边缘接触。在施加引线的锥形边缘之间的层的较短侧上的小切口将对电阻值具有相对较大的影响，而不会对确定电阻器的额定功率的面积的量产生很大的影响，使得通过这样的切口进行微调可以快速进行，并且与渐进切口的电阻变化比矩形构造的电阻层的情况更均匀。

17. 发明授权

US4075591A Printed circuit coils 失效
标题翻译：印刷电路线圈
公开(公告)号：US4075591A
公开(公告)日：1978-02-21
申请号：US763852
申请日：1977-01-31
申请人： Dieter Haas
发明人： Dieter Haas
IPC分类号： H01F27/28 , H05K1/16
CPC分类号： H01F27/2804 , H05K1/165
摘要： The conducting path width of a spiral printed circuit coil is reduced for the inside of the spiral coil to obtain more inductance in the same space without substantial sacrifice in Q. In another form of spiral coil with non-constant path width, the path width is reduced in a sector of the coil located between the inner and outer terminals to reduce the distance between terminals with minimum sacrifice in inductance or Q.

18. 发明授权

US4006419A Pulse interference blanking circuit for radio receivers 失效
标题翻译：用于无线电接收机的脉冲干扰消隐电路
公开(公告)号：US4006419A
公开(公告)日：1977-02-01
申请号：US599134
申请日：1975-07-25
申请人： Helmut Liman
发明人： Helmut Liman
IPC分类号： H03G3/34 , H04B1/10
CPC分类号： H03G3/345 , H04B1/10
摘要： After a preliminary differentiation, the demodulated signal is supplied in parallel to a peak rectifier and to a second differentiating network, the outputs of the latter two circuits being added in the input circuit of a switching transistor that controls the blanking gate of a receiver. The value of the resistor across the output capacitor of the peak rectifier, as well as the rectifier capacitor, is so chosen in value that periodically recurrent pulses that may be persistently present in the signal build up a blocking bias on the switching transistor reducing its sensitivity and preventing corresponding differentiated pulses from switching it on, whereas occasionally or irregularly appearing pulses develop a negligible bias through the rectifier, so that their twice differentiated derived pulses will switch on the transistor and produce blanking.
摘要翻译：在初步区分之后，解调信号并行提供给峰值整流器和第二微分网络，后两个电路的输出被加到控制接收器的消隐门的开关晶体管的输入电路中。峰值整流器的输出电容器以及整流器电容器两端的电阻值被选择为可以持续存在于信号中的周期性复现脉冲，从而在开关晶体管上形成阻塞偏置，从而降低其灵敏度并且防止相应的微分脉冲接通，而偶尔或不规则地出现的脉冲通过整流器产生可忽略的偏置，使得它们的二次微分导出脉冲将导通晶体管并产生消隐。

19. 发明授权

US4000414A Interference pulse detector circuit 失效
标题翻译：干扰脉冲检测电路
公开(公告)号：US4000414A
公开(公告)日：1976-12-28
申请号：US591317
申请日：1975-06-30
申请人： Jens Hansen
发明人： Jens Hansen
IPC分类号： H03G3/34 , H03K17/16 , H03B1/04
CPC分类号： H03G3/345 , H03K17/16
摘要： A circuit resonant at a frequency above the frequency band occupied by a signal to be protected is set into damped oscillations by high-frequency components of an interfering pulse and produces a voltage spike at the beginning of the interfering pulse. A differentiator circuit produces a close succession of a pair of oppositely polarized spikes in response to the spike produced by the resonant circuit, while substantially eliminating the rest of the signal and a switching transistor is caused to discharge a capacitor suddenly when the positive-going spike of the pair reaches it. The common connection point of the coil, capacitor and resistor of the resonant circuit is a point at which a delayed signal is obtained and the signal to be protected is thus provided with the benefit of this delay before it is subjected to blanking by the pulse produced at the collector of the switching transistor.
摘要翻译：在受待保护信号占据的频带以上的频率谐振的电路通过干扰脉冲的高频分量被设置为阻尼振荡，并在干扰脉冲开始时产生电压尖峰。微分电路响应于由谐振电路产生的尖峰而产生一对相对极化的尖峰的紧密连续，同时基本上消除了其余的信号，并且当正向尖峰时，使开关晶体管突然放电，的一对到达它。谐振电路的线圈，电容器和电阻器的共同连接点是获得延迟信号的点，因此在被产生的脉冲进行消隐之前，被保护的信号被提供给该延迟的益处在开关晶体管的集电极处。

20. 发明授权

US3995220A Interference pulse suppression circuit for radio receivers 失效
标题翻译：无线电接收机的干扰脉冲抑制电路
公开(公告)号：US3995220A
公开(公告)日：1976-11-30
申请号：US604491
申请日：1975-08-14
申请人： Jens Hansen
发明人： Jens Hansen
IPC分类号： H03G3/34 , H04B1/10
CPC分类号： H03G3/345
摘要： Radio frequency disturbance recognition circuits having their inputs tuned to different frequency bands by resonant circuits are coupled to the antenna input of a receiver to be protected through a decoupling stage that prevents excessive coupling and AND-gates are provided so that an interference blanking circuit will be operated to produce a momentary interruption of the low-frequency signal path only when a disturbance is detected by the radio frequency recognition circuits in both of their respective operating frequency ranges and at the same time a pulse disturbance is detected in the output of the receiver demodulator by a disturbance voltage detector circuit tuned to a frequency band higher than the frequency band of the low-frequency signal to be protected.
摘要翻译：通过谐振电路将其输入调谐到不同频带的射频干扰识别电路通过解耦级耦合到待保护的接收机的天线输入端，该解耦级防止过多的耦合并提供与门，使得干扰消隐电路将仅在射频识别电路在其各自的工作频率范围内检测到干扰并且同时在接收机解调器的输出中检测到脉冲干扰时，才产生低频信号路径的瞬时中断通过被调谐到高于要保护的低频信号的频带的频带的干扰电压检测器电路。

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