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101. 发明授权

US4850424A Heat accumulator 失效
标题翻译：蓄热器
公开(公告)号：US4850424A
公开(公告)日：1989-07-25
申请号：US149078
申请日：1988-01-27
申请人： Akio Mitani , Koji Kashima , Hiroichi Yamaguchi
发明人： Akio Mitani , Koji Kashima , Hiroichi Yamaguchi
IPC分类号： F28D20/00 , F24H7/00 , F28D20/02
CPC分类号： F24H7/002 , F28D20/028 , C08L2201/12 , F28F2255/04 , Y02E60/145
摘要： A heat accumulator includes a heat storage tank and a latent heat accumulating material which fills the tank. The heat accumulating material remains in a stable supercooled condition at temperatures lower than a predetermined phase transformation temperature, and is released from the supercooled condition by a releasing device. The releasing device includes a holding member, which is mounted on the storage tank such that it is capable of touching the accumulating material and which holds a seed material. A driving mechanism drives the holding member so that the seed material comes into contact with the heat accmulating material for a predetermined period of time, releasing the latter from its supercooled condition.
摘要翻译：一个蓄热器包括一个储热罐和一个填充储罐的潜热蓄积材料。蓄热材料在低于预定的相变温度的温度下保持稳定的过冷状态，并通过释放装置从过冷状态释放。释放装置包括保持构件，其被安装在储存罐上，使得其能够接触积聚材料并且保持种子材料。驱动机构驱动保持构件，使得种子材料与加热材料接触预定的时间段，将其从过冷状态释放。

102. 发明授权

US4532110A Protected trigger to controllably initiate crystallization 失效
标题翻译：保护触发器可控地启动结晶
公开(公告)号：US4532110A
公开(公告)日：1985-07-30
申请号：US565699
申请日：1983-12-27
申请人： Imants P. Kapralis , Harry Krukle
发明人： Imants P. Kapralis , Harry Krukle
IPC分类号： C07C53/10 , B01D9/00 , C07B31/00 , C07B61/00 , C07C51/00 , C07C67/00 , C30B7/00 , F24V30/00 , F28D20/00 , F28D20/02 , B01D9/02
CPC分类号： F28D20/028 , B01D9/0013 , C30B7/00 , Y02E60/145
摘要： A protected trigger usable in initiating crystallization of a supercooled salt solution comprises a thin metallic strip containing multiple openings. The strip is protected as by a peripheral frame and/or by a metallic coating.
摘要翻译：可用于引发过冷盐溶液结晶的保护触发器包括含有多个开口的薄金属条。该条带被外围框架和/或金属涂层保护。

103. 发明授权

US4461153A Method and apparatus for inoculating crystallization seeds into a liquid latent heat storage substance 失效
标题翻译：将结晶种子接种到液体潜热储存物质中的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4461153A
公开(公告)日：1984-07-24
申请号：US322924
申请日：1981-11-19
申请人： Friedrich Lindner , Kurt Scheunemann
发明人： Friedrich Lindner , Kurt Scheunemann
IPC分类号： C09K5/06 , F25B21/02
CPC分类号： C09K5/063 , F28D20/028 , Y02E60/145
摘要： A method and apparatus for inoculating a liquid latent heat storage substance of the type convertible to the solid state on cooling is disclosed. A portion of the substance is caused to crystallize on a cooled active surface, immersed in the substance and preferably vertically arranged, whereupon the active surface is heated to fuse-off the formed crystals to release them into the liquid portion of the storage substance to thus form inoculation seeds on which further crystallization of the storage substance takes place on withdrawal of heat from same. In one described embodiment, a pair of active surfaces is provided by using a Peltier element operating with a DC source having selectively reversible polarity whereby one surface is cooled down while the other is heated and vice versa, depending on the instant polarity of the DC source. In another embodiment, the active surface is alternately heated and cooled by heat carrier medium of a heat pump circulation system drawn from the respective sections of the system in alternating fashion. Due to the formation of crystallization seeds from the heat storage substance, problems normally associated with the use of a foreign inoculation substance are avoided.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于在冷却时将可转换成固体状态的液体潜热储存物质接种的方法和装置。将物质的一部分在冷却的活性表面上结晶，浸渍在物质中，优选垂直排列，然后加热活性表面以熔化所形成的晶体，将其释放到储存物质的液体部分中形成接种种子，在其上从其中取出热量进行储存物质的进一步结晶。在一个所描述的实施例中，通过使用与具有选择性可逆极性的DC源操作的珀耳帖元件来提供一对有源表面，由此一个表面被冷却而另一个被加热，反之亦然，这取决于DC源的瞬时极性。在另一个实施例中，通过以交替方式从系统的各个部分抽出的热泵循环系统的热载体介质交替地加热和冷却活性表面。由于来自储热物质的结晶种子的形成，避免了与使用外来接种物质通常相关的问题。

104. 发明授权

US4331556A Heat storage material 失效
标题翻译：储热材料
公开(公告)号：US4331556A
公开(公告)日：1982-05-25
申请号：US866695
申请日：1978-01-03
申请人： Gustaf O. Arrhenius
发明人： Gustaf O. Arrhenius
IPC分类号： A61F7/02 , A61F7/03 , A61F7/10 , C09K5/06 , F28D20/02 , B01F3/00
CPC分类号： A61F7/03 , C09K5/063 , F28D20/028 , A61F2007/0292 , Y02E60/145
摘要： A liquid melt becomes converted to crystalline form at a particular temperature either spontaneously or when artificially nucleated. The liquid releases heat at crystallization. If the liquid is in a supercooled state when it begins to crystallize, its temperature will rise from the particular temperature at which it is nucleated.Another liquid material is mixed with the liquid to be crystallized. The liquid additive has properties of forming a metastable solid together with the crystallizing material. When the liquid additive exsolves, the crystalline aggregate is weakened and is easily decomposed into fragments of small size. The liquid additive materials may include monohydric alcohols, diols and triols. The liquid additive material may be included in the liquid to be crystallized, in small amounts, amounts to two percent (2%) to five percent (5%) being typical. The amount and relative metastability of the liquid additive material in the solution contributes to control of the size of the crystals which are ultimately produced when the supercooled fluid crystallizes. A small amount of surface active material may also be included to modify the characteristics of the metastable solid solution, the exsolution process, and the texture of the exsolved crystal aggregate.
摘要翻译：液体熔体在特定温度下自发地或人工成核时转化为结晶形式。液体在结晶时释放热量。如果液体在开始结晶时处于过冷状态，其温度将从其成核的特定温度上升。另一种液体材料与待结晶的液体混合。液体添加剂具有与结晶材料一起形成亚稳固体的性质。当液体添加剂溶出时，结晶聚集体变弱，容易分解成小尺寸的碎片。液体添加剂材料可以包括一元醇，二醇和三醇。液体添加剂材料可以包含在待结晶的液体中，其量少，为典型的2％（2％）至5％（5％）。溶液中液体添加剂材料的量和相对亚稳态有助于控制当过冷流体结晶时最终产生的晶体的尺寸。还可以包括少量的表面活性物质，以改变亚稳固溶体的特性，溶出过程以及过量的晶体聚集体的质地。

105. 发明授权

US1384747A Chemical heater 失效
公开(公告)号：US1384747A
公开(公告)日：1921-07-19
申请号：US18793917
申请日：1917-08-24
申请人： PYRENE MFG CO
发明人： ECKELMANN LUIS E , FERGUSON GEORGE E
IPC分类号： C09K5/06
CPC分类号： C09K5/063 , F28D20/028 , Y02E60/145

106. 发明授权

US1069949A Apparatus for electrically heating water, air, or other medium by means of a heat-magazine. 失效
标题翻译：用热电加热水，空气或其他介质的装置。
公开(公告)号：US1069949A
公开(公告)日：1913-08-12
申请号：US1912737003
申请日：1912-12-16
申请人： HAESSLER CHARLES IVAR FREDRICK
发明人： HAESSLER CHARLES IVAR FREDRICK
CPC分类号： F28D20/028 , Y10S165/902

107. 发明授权

US733111A Vessel for containing food. 失效
标题翻译：包含食物的船只
公开(公告)号：US733111A
公开(公告)日：1903-07-07
申请号：US1901071114
申请日：1901-08-05
申请人： ABLETT WILLIAM JOHN
发明人： ABLETT WILLIAM JOHN
CPC分类号： A61F7/03 , F28D20/028

108. 发明公开

US20240167771A1 HYBRID SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR MANAGING THERMAL ENERGY 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20240167771A1
公开(公告)日：2024-05-23
申请号：US18412471
申请日：2024-01-13
申请人： PHASESTOR LLC
发明人： Reyad Sawafta , Jason Baker , Taylor Lawing , Byron Owens , Scott Queen , Rami Saeed , Manoj Raathor
IPC分类号： F28D20/02
CPC分类号： F28D20/021 , F28D20/028 , F28D2020/0008
摘要： In one aspect, thermal energy storage systems are described herein. In some embodiments, such a system includes at least one active thermal storage battery and at least one passive thermal storage battery. The at least one active thermal storage battery includes a container, a heat exchanger disposed within the container, and a first phase change material disposed within the container and in thermal contact with the heat exchanger. The at least one passive thermal storage battery comprises a plurality of thermal storage cells, individual thermal storage cells comprising a container having an interior volume, and a second phase change material disposed within the interior volume of the container.

109. 发明公开

US20240019217A1 ENERGY STORAGE DEVICE 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20240019217A1
公开(公告)日：2024-01-18
申请号：US18358893
申请日：2023-07-25
申请人： GRAPHITE ENERGY (ASSETS) PTY LIMITED
发明人： Peter LEMMICH , Paul Soo-Hock Khoo , Jun Chao , Byron Ross , Casey Walsh
IPC分类号： F28D20/02
CPC分类号： F28D20/025 , F28D20/028 , F28D2020/0008
摘要： The invention provides an energy storage apparatus comprising: a sensible heat storage body having a heat exchanger channel and a heating element channel adapted to receive a removable heating element; and a heat exchanger having an inlet and an outlet, wherein at least a portion of the heat exchanger is disposed along the channel. Also provided are methods or reversibly storing and/or extracting energy, a heating element and an energy storage array comprising a plurality of energy storage apparatus as described herein.

110. 发明公开

US20230417452A1 ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20230417452A1
公开(公告)日：2023-12-28
申请号：US18110145
申请日：2023-02-15
申请人： Higher Dimension Materials, Inc.
发明人： Young-Hwa Kim , Richard Dale Olmsted , Thomas P. Lorenz, JR.
IPC分类号： F24H7/06 , F28D20/02
CPC分类号： F24H7/062 , F28D20/021 , F28D20/028 , H02J15/007
摘要： Heat energy storage systems described in this disclosure can be used for long-term storage of large amounts of thermal energy. In some cases, such systems receive electrical energy from renewable energy sources such as solar panels or wind turbines. Using novel techniques, the heat energy storage systems covert the electrical energy to thermal energy that is stored in hot materials such as molten silicon, molten salts, or any other material that can store large amounts of heat. The heat energy storage systems incorporate extremely good thermal insulation of the thermal energy storage tank that contains the hot materials. The systems are also configured to release thermal energy in an efficient manner to an electricity-producing steam turbine using novel heat exchanger systems and techniques that are described. The energy storage systems described herein have a higher overall real-world efficiency than energy storage systems currently available.

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