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101. 发明授权

US5401400A Membrane bioreactor system for treating synthetic metal-working fluids and oil-based products 失效
标题翻译：用于处理合成金属加工液和油基产品的膜生物反应器系统
公开(公告)号：US5401400A
公开(公告)日：1995-03-28
申请号：US48915
申请日：1993-04-19
申请人： Fernando A. Tonelli , R. Philip Canning
发明人： Fernando A. Tonelli , R. Philip Canning
IPC分类号： B01D17/00 , B01D17/02 , B01D21/00 , C02F1/44 , C02F3/12 , C10M175/06
CPC分类号： C02F3/1268 , B01D17/00 , B01D17/0208 , B01D21/2433 , B01D21/2444 , B01D21/305 , C02F1/444 , C02F3/1231 , C10M175/06 , Y02W10/15
摘要： A system is provided to treat wastewater from a metal-working facility, such as an automotive manufacturing plant in a bioreactor using live microorganisms. Such wastewater contains waste fluids which are a mixture of relatively easily biodegradable fats and oils, much less easily biodegradable synthetic fluids, oils and greases, and nonbiodegradable material including inorganic finely divided solids such as metal and silicon carbide particles. Such waste fluids require a hydraulic retention time (HRT) and a solids retention time (SRT) which is 10 times greater than for sewage. High quality water is separated from suspended solids which are removed from the reactor at an essentially constant rate and fed to an ultrafiltration membrane. Concentrate is recycled to the reactor, except for a bleed stream to remove solids periodically. The membranes acquire a long and effective life despite large variations in membrane flux, because of a permeate recycle which permits operation of the bioreactor at constant volume; permits flow of feed wastewater to the reactor at constant flow rate; and allows operation of the membrane modules at a relatively low pressure in a narrow range which does not damage the membranes. Such operation of the bioreactor allows one to use a reactor which is one-half the size (volume) than one which would be required with a system without a permeate recycle. Effective and long-lived operation of the membranes is obtained by filtering out (through a 140 mesh screen) all solids greater in diameter than about 106 .mu.m. Pilot plant tests conducted with wastewater from automobile manufacturing plants over a period of more than a year provide evidence of the surprising effectiveness of the system over a prolonged period.
摘要翻译：提供了一种处理来自金属加工设备的废水的系统，例如使用活微生物的生物反应器中的汽车制造厂。这种废水含有作为相对容易生物降解的脂肪和油的混合物的废液，更不容易生物降解的合成流体，油和油脂，以及包括无机细碎固体如金属和碳化硅颗粒的不生物降解材料。这种废液需要水力停留时间（HRT）和固体停留时间（SRT），比污水高10倍。从悬浮固体中分离出高质量的水，这些悬浮固体以基本上恒定的速率从反应器中取出并进料到超滤膜。浓缩物被循环到反应器中，除了排出物流以周期性除去固体。由于渗透循环使得生物反应器以恒定的体积运行，因此膜具有长期和有效的寿命，尽管膜通量有很大变化。允许进料废水以恒定流速流入反应器; 并且允许在不损害膜的窄范围内的相对低的压力下操作膜组件。生物反应器的这种操作允许使用反应器的尺寸（体积）的一半，而不是在没有渗透物再循环的情况下需要的反应器。通过过滤（通过140目筛）所有直径大于约106μm的固体，获得膜的有效和长寿命的操作。在一年以上的汽车制造厂废水进行的试点工厂试验证明了该系统在长时间内的效果令人惊讶。

102. 发明授权

US5312552A Method and apparatus for removing BTX-type gases from a liquid 失效
标题翻译：从液体中去除BTX型气体的方法和设备
公开(公告)号：US5312552A
公开(公告)日：1994-05-17
申请号：US12373
申请日：1993-02-02
申请人： J. M. Norman
发明人： J. M. Norman
IPC分类号： B01D17/00 , B01D19/00 , C02F1/20 , B01D17/12
CPC分类号： C02F1/20 , B01D17/00 , B01D19/0036 , B01D19/0063
摘要： The present invention entails a method and an apparatus for removing BTX-type gases from a liquid. Herein is disclosed a system where purified water from an oil-water separator is directed into a vacuum chamber. The chamber is closed and a vacuum is pulled on the purified water causing BTX-type gases associated with the water to vaporize and assume a space in the upper portion of the vacuum chamber. The pressure within the vacuum chamber is continuously sensed as well as the liquid level within the chamber. Once the pressure within the vacuum chamber has reached a predetermined level and the level of the purified water is within a certain range within the vacuum chamber, then the BTX-type gases are removed via a vacuum pump and these BTX gases are collected in a collector where they are condensed to form a liquid.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及从液体中除去BTX型气体的方法和装置。本文公开了一种将来自油水分离器的净化水引入真空室的系统。关闭该腔室并在净化水上抽真空，导致与水相关的BTX型气体蒸发并在真空室的上部呈现空间。真空室内的压力连续地被检测以及室内的液位。一旦真空室内的压力达到预定水平，并且净化水的水平在真空室内处于一定范围内，则通过真空泵将BTX型气体除去，并将这些BTX气体收集在收集器中在那里它们被冷凝以形成液体。

103. 发明授权

US5277827A Oil water separator system 失效
标题翻译：油水分离器系统
公开(公告)号：US5277827A
公开(公告)日：1994-01-11
申请号：US986122
申请日：1992-12-04
申请人： William T. Osborne
发明人： William T. Osborne
IPC分类号： B01D17/00 , B01D17/038 , C10M175/00
CPC分类号： C10M175/0058 , B01D17/00
摘要： Apparatus is described for use in an industrial plant that contain machines (14) having oil reservoirs (12), which facilitates cleaning of the oil. The apparatus includes a stand (20) and equipment mounted on the stand, including input and output hoses (36,38) whose ends can be dropped into a machine oil reservoir. The equipment on the stand also includes a centrifuge (24), pump (26), valve (34), and porous filter device (40). In a first mode of operation, the pump draws oil from the reservoir to flow through the input hose into the centrifuge, and then to the output hose to flow back to the reservoir. The valve can be switched to a second mode wherein fluid from the input hose is directed through the pump to the porous filter device, for final cleaning of the oil before returning it to the reservoir. The stand has wheels to enable it to roll to another machine and clean its oil.
摘要翻译：描述了用于包含具有油储存器（12）的机器（14）的工业设备中的装置，其有助于油的清洁。该装置包括支架（20）和安装在支架上的设备，包括输入和输出软管（36,38），其末端可以落入机器油库。支架上的设备还包括离心机（24），泵（26），阀（34）和多孔过滤装置（40）。在第一种操作模式中，泵将油从油箱中抽出，通过输入软管流入离心机，然后到输出软管回流到油箱。该阀可以切换到第二模式，其中来自输入软管的流体被引导通过泵到多孔过滤器装置，以便在将油返回到储存器之前进行最终清洁。支架具有轮子，使其能够滚动到另一台机器并清洁其油。

104. 发明授权

US5271773A Process for cleaning articles with an aqueous solution of terpene and recycle water after separation 失效
标题翻译：分离后用萜烯水溶液和循环水清洗物品的方法
公开(公告)号：US5271773A
公开(公告)日：1993-12-21
申请号：US896404
申请日：1992-06-10
申请人： C. Richard Hamilton , Ross M. Gustafson
发明人： C. Richard Hamilton , Ross M. Gustafson
IPC分类号： B08B3/08 , B01D17/00 , B01D17/025 , B01D61/14 , C11D1/12 , C11D1/28 , C11D1/72 , C11D3/10 , C11D3/18 , C11D3/20 , C11D3/382 , C11D7/24 , C11D7/50 , C11D11/00 , C23G1/24 , C23G5/024 , B08B7/04
CPC分类号： C23G5/024 , B01D17/00 , B01D61/14 , B01D61/142 , B01D61/145 , C11D11/0029 , C11D11/0076 , C11D3/10 , C11D3/18 , C11D7/5027 , C23G1/24 , C11D7/24
摘要： Disclosed is a composition and process for cleaning articles contaminated with water insoluble contaminants. The process allows for efficient recycling of components in the system. The wash solution effectively cleans water insoluble contaminants and, upon settling, quickly releases contaminants from the wash solution. In this manner, the wash solution and components of it can be readily recycled. The composition of the present invention includes between about 1.86 volume percent and about 37.2 volume percent terpene, preferably d-limonene, and between about 0.14 volume percent and about 2.8 volume percent surfactant.
摘要翻译：公开了用于清洁被水不溶性污染物污染的物品的组合物和方法。该过程允许系统中组件的有效回收。洗涤溶液有效地清洁水不溶性污染物，并在沉降时迅速从洗涤溶液中释放污染物。以这种方式，洗涤溶液及其组分可以容易地再循环。本发明的组合物包括约1.86体积％至约37.2体积％的萜烯，优选d-柠檬烯和约0.14体积％至约2.8体积％的表面活性剂。

105. 发明授权

US5236605A Method and apparatus for continuous separation of oil from solid and liquid contaminants 失效
标题翻译：将油与固体和液体污染物连续分离的方法和设备
公开(公告)号：US5236605A
公开(公告)日：1993-08-17
申请号：US909728
申请日：1992-07-07
申请人： Glennwood Warncke
发明人： Glennwood Warncke
IPC分类号： B01D17/00 , B01D17/032 , E21B21/06
CPC分类号： E21B21/063 , B01D17/00
摘要： An oil separation method and apparatus for the continuous separation of acceptable oil from contaminated oil containing solids and liquids withdrawn from an oil well. Three separate settling tanks are partitioned and provided with skimmers, as appropriate, to enable contaminated oil to dwell sufficiently within the tanks. After sufficient dwell time, the skimmers remove separated oil from the top layer and move it to an oil tank. Liquids such as water and emulsified oil are separated into an intermediate layer and moved to further settling tanks to provide sufficient dwell time for oil separation and collection. The first settling tank has a rotating jet spray header for agitating the solids accumulated in the bottom of the first tank and a series of suction headers for withdrawing the solids without interruption of the top oil layer or the separation operation.
摘要翻译：一种油分离方法和装置，用于将可接受的油与含油固体和从油井中取出的液体的污染油连续分离。三个独立的沉淀池被分隔并设置有适当的撇渣器，以使污染的油在罐内充分地停留。在足够的停留时间后，撇渣器将顶层分离出的油分离并移至油箱。液体如水和乳化油被分离成中间层，并移动到另外的沉淀池中，以提供足够的停留时间用于油分离和收集。第一沉淀池具有旋转的喷射喷头，用于搅拌积聚在第一罐底部的固体和一系列抽吸集管，用于抽出固体而不中断顶油层或分离操作。

106. 发明授权

US5135655A Process for treating refinery slurries 失效
标题翻译：处理炼油厂流程
公开(公告)号：US5135655A
公开(公告)日：1992-08-04
申请号：US764613
申请日：1991-09-24
申请人： Roberto Cimino , Salvatore Meli
发明人： Roberto Cimino , Salvatore Meli
IPC分类号： B01D11/00 , B01D11/02 , B01D17/00 , B01D17/05 , C02F1/26 , C02F11/04 , C02F101/32 , C02F103/34 , C10G1/00 , C10G33/04
CPC分类号： C10G33/04 , B01D11/0203 , B01D17/00
摘要： Disclosed is a process for treating a refinery slurry containing water, oil and a solid fraction, wherein the slurry is brought into contact with carbon dioxide gas in order to adjust the pH value of said slurry to an acidic value and, in that way, improve the separation, by mechanical means, of a first water phase and a first oil phase, from a sludge. The latter is submitted to an extraction with carbon dioxide, under supercritical conditions, in order to separate a second water phase and a second oil phase from a residual sludge, which is disposed of.The process makes it possible to remove most of the water, and, in particular, most of the oil contained in said slurry and a sludge to be disposed of which shows a reduced propensity to the elution of the residual oil.

107. 发明授权

US5114568A Reclamation system for contaminated material 失效
标题翻译：污染物回收系统
公开(公告)号：US5114568A
公开(公告)日：1992-05-19
申请号：US553536
申请日：1990-07-13
申请人： Brian J. Brinsmead , Gary F. Stepenoff , Vicki H. Bess , Gary R. Huxel , John A. Wetmore
发明人： Brian J. Brinsmead , Gary F. Stepenoff , Vicki H. Bess , Gary R. Huxel , John A. Wetmore
IPC分类号： B01D17/00 , B01D17/035 , B01D21/26 , B03D1/14 , B09C1/02
CPC分类号： B03D1/1425 , B01D17/00 , B01D21/267 , B03D1/1462 , B03D1/1468 , B03D1/16 , B09C1/02 , B01D2221/04 , B01D2221/08 , B03D1/1412
摘要： A soil reclamation system that separates the contaminant from all soil particles greater than one micron in diameter and generates resuable soil and contaminant products. The process is based on a novel application of gas-sparged centrifugal separation under operating conditions and equipment specifications tailored to optimize the separation of the particular contaminant. The apparatus is mounted on a front-end loader for mobility and self-contained on site operation.
摘要翻译：一种土壤回收系统，将污染物与直径大于1微米的所有土壤颗粒分离，并产生可再生土壤和污染物。该方法基于在操作条件下的气体离心分离的新颖应用和针对特定污染物的分离进行优化的设备规格。该装置安装在前端装载机上，用于移动性和现场操作。

108. 发明授权

US5073266A Apparatus for separating commingling heavier and lighter immiscible 失效
标题翻译：用于分离混合较重和不混溶的装置
公开(公告)号：US5073266A
公开(公告)日：1991-12-17
申请号：US605644
申请日：1990-10-30
申请人： Will D. Ball, IV
发明人： Will D. Ball, IV
IPC分类号： B01D17/00 , B01D21/00 , E03F5/16
CPC分类号： B01D17/00 , B01D21/2494 , E03F5/16
摘要： An apparatus for separating commingled heavier and lighter immiscible liquids and solids having an upright vessel, a vertical flow tube within the vessel having an upper fluid outlet opening and a lower fluid inlet opening therein, an upper horizontal spreader baffle extending from the flow tube and below the fluid outlet and a lower horizontal spreader baffle extending from the flow tube and above the fluid inlet, a concentric side tube positioned exteriorly of and parallel the vessel and connected to the flow tube below the fluid inlet and providing for the maintenance of a liquid/liquid interface within the vessel above the upper spreader baffle and a commingled fluid inlet pipe extending from exterior of the baffle to the flow tube, the baffle providing means for change of fluid direction from horizontal to vertical and vise versa to improve separation of the lighter from the heavier immiscible liquids and for drawing off both the lighter and the heavier liquids from the vessel.
摘要翻译：用于分离混合的较重和较轻的不混溶液体和具有直立容器的固体的装置，容器内的垂直流动管，其中具有上部流体出口开口和下部流体入口，其中，从流管延伸的下部水平扩散器挡板和下部流体出口和从流动管和流体入口上方延伸的下部水平吊架挡板，位于容器外部并平行的同心侧管，并连接到流体入口下方的流管并提供维持液体/ 容器内的液体界面，以及从挡板的外部延伸到流管的混合流体入口管，该挡板提供装置，用于将流体方向从水平向垂直方向改变，反之亦然，以改善打火机与较重的不混溶液体，用于从容器中抽出较轻的液体和较重的液体。

109. 发明授权

US5066386A Extraction of oil from stable oil-water emulsions 失效
标题翻译：从稳定的油水乳液中提取油
公开(公告)号：US5066386A
公开(公告)日：1991-11-19
申请号：US537877
申请日：1990-06-14
申请人： Stephen C. Paspek , Christopher P. Eppig
发明人： Stephen C. Paspek , Christopher P. Eppig
IPC分类号： B01D11/04 , B01D12/00 , B01D17/00
CPC分类号： B01D12/00 , B01D11/04 , B01D17/00
摘要： The present invention provides a facile method of oil removal from an oil-water emulsion containing suspended solid particulates. In general, the method utilizes a volatile solvent which is liquefied under pressure and forms a two-phase system when in contact with the emulsion. More particularly, the process of the present invention comprises the steps of(A) introducing said emulsion into a vessel in an extraction system,(B) pressurizing the vessel with a volatile hydrocarbon whereby said volatile hydrocarbon is in the liquefied state and forms a two-phase system with said emulsion,(C) maintaining said pressure for a period of time sufficient to effect the replacement of at least some of the oil in the emulsion phase with said volatile hydrocarbon, the replaced oil being dissolved in the volatile hydrocarbon phase,(D) withdrawing at least a portion of said oil-containing hydrocarbon phase while maintaining the pressure on the two-phase system,(E) reducing the pressure on the two-phase system whereby hydrocarbon dissolved in the emulsion is vaporized, and the emulsion separates into a water phase and an oil phase, and(F) recovering the oil phase from the water phase.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了从含有悬浮固体颗粒的油水乳液中除油的简易方法。通常，该方法利用在压力下液化并在与乳液接触时形成两相体系的挥发性溶剂。更具体地，本发明的方法包括以下步骤：（A）将所述乳液引入萃取系统中的容器中，（B）用挥发性烃加压容器，由此所述挥发性烃处于液化状态并形成二（C）将所述压力保持足以使所述乳状液中的至少一些油与所述挥发性烃替代，所替代的油溶解在挥发性烃相中，（D）在保持两相体系上的压力的同时，将至少一部分所述含油烃相取出，（E）降低两相体系上的压力，由此溶解在乳液中的烃气化，分离成水相和油相，（F）从水相中回收油相。

110. 发明授权

US5059332A Method and device for treating oil sludge and oil-containing waste water 失效
标题翻译：油污和含油废水处理方法及装置
公开(公告)号：US5059332A
公开(公告)日：1991-10-22
申请号：US592274
申请日：1990-10-03
申请人： Yukimasa Satoh
发明人： Yukimasa Satoh
IPC分类号： B01D17/06 , B01D17/00 , B01D17/04 , B01D17/05 , C02F1/04 , C02F1/26 , C02F1/38 , C02F1/463 , C02F1/465 , C02F9/00 , C10G33/00
CPC分类号： C10G33/00 , B01D17/00 , Y02W10/37
摘要： A mixture of an oil sludge and an oil-contained waste water is first separated into a first oil-contained water and an oily dust containing metal-contained dust, fine metal powder and small fragments. Secondly, the oily dust is washed and separated into a harmless oil-free dust and a second oil-contained water containing the metal. Finally, both the first and second oil-contained water are separated into oil, harmless water and metal hydroxide by electrolysis. Thus, the mixture of the oil sludge and the oil-contained waste water is separated into components, which are in turn recovered, recycled, or converted into new materials, and the purification of the waste water can be realized.
摘要翻译：首先将油污和含油废水的混合物分离成含有含金属粉尘，细金属粉末和小碎片的第一含油水和油性粉尘。其次，油性粉尘被洗涤并分离成无害的无油灰尘和含有金属的第二含油水。最后，第一和第二含油水通过电解分离成油，无害水和金属氢氧化物。因此，将油污和含油废水的混合物分离成成分，然后回收，再循环或转化成新的物质，可以实现废水的净化。

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