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    • 93. 发明授权
    • Stretcher-compressor assembly having a single grating
    • 具有单个光栅的担架压缩机组件
    • US6081543A
    • 2000-06-27
    • US79334
    • 1998-05-14
    • Xinbing LiuAlan BraunChristopher Horvath
    • Xinbing LiuAlan BraunChristopher Horvath
    • H01S3/00H01S3/08
    • H01S3/0057
    • The invention provides a compact, combined stretcher-compressor assembly which utilizes a single grating element. The single grating element is preferably a holographic transmission grating element. The grating element has first and second surfaces which are opposed major surfaces with a thickness between the surfaces. The grating pattern is patterned in or on the grating element. The grating element is arranged in the assembly to receive a beam for stretching laser pulses in a stretcher beam path, and in the same arrangement, to receive a beam for compressing laser beam pulses in a compressor beam path. The stretcher and compressor beam paths pass through the single grating element. Respective reflecting means are arranged to provide a desired number of passes through the grating element by the stretcher beam path, and through the grating element by the compressor beam path.
    • 本发明提供了一种使用单个光栅元件的紧凑的组合的拉伸 - 压缩机组件。 单个光栅元件优选为全息透射光栅元件。 光栅元件具有第一和第二表面,它们是相对的主表面之间的厚度。 光栅图案被图案化在光栅元件中或栅格元件上。 光栅元件被布置在组件中以接收用于在担架光束路径中拉伸激光脉冲的光束,并且在相同的布置中,接收用于压缩压缩机光束路径中的激光束脉冲的光束。 担架和压缩机光束路径通过单个光栅元件。 各个反射装置被布置成通过担架射束路径提供期望数量的通过光栅元件的通过,并且通过压缩机光束路径通过光栅元件。
    • 94. 发明授权
    • Method and apparatus for generating laser plasma x-rays
    • 用于产生激光等离子体X射线的方法和装置
    • US5606588A
    • 1997-02-25
    • US508482
    • 1995-07-28
    • Donald UmstadterJonathan WorkmanAnatoly MaksimchukXinbing Liu
    • Donald UmstadterJonathan WorkmanAnatoly MaksimchukXinbing Liu
    • H05G2/00H05H1/22H01J35/22
    • H05G2/001G21B1/23
    • The present invention provides a system and an apparatus to produce x-rays from plasmas by focusing an intense, short duration optical pulse from a laser onto a target. The concentrated energy contained in the focused laser beam ionizes the target material, raising it to a temperature at which ions are produced in a chain reaction ionization, and x-rays are emitted when ions become de-excited (their electrons change energy level) or free electrons recombine with the ions in the plasma. The method comprises controlling pulse time duration of x-rays emitted from a plasma-forming target by generating a beam of one or more laser pulses; adjusting the intensity of the laser pulse to obtain a desired intensity incident at a surface of the plasma-forming target matter; directing the laser pulse onto the surface of the plasma-forming matter to generate the x-rays having a pulse duration which changes in proportion to a change in the incident laser pulse intensity. In one embodiment, the x-rays are then directed onto a sample target.
    • 本发明提供了一种从等离子体产生X射线的系统和装置,其通过将来自激光的强烈的短持续时间的光脉冲聚焦到目标上。 聚焦激光束中所含的浓缩能量将目标材料电离,使其升高到在链式反应电离中产生离子的温度,并且当离子被去激发(它们的电子改变能量水平)时发射X射线,或 自由电子与等离子体中的离子重新结合。 该方法包括通过产生一个或多个激光脉冲的光束来控制从等离子体形成目标发射的x射线的脉冲持续时间; 调整激光脉冲的强度以获得在等离子体形成目标物质的表面入射的所需强度; 将激光脉冲引导到等离子体形成物质的表面上以产生具有与入射激光脉冲强度的变化成比例地变化的脉冲持续时间的x射线。 在一个实施例中,x射线然后被引导到样本目标上。