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1. 发明授权

US5785931A Metal honeycomb body of intertwined sheet-metal layers, and method for its production 失效
公开(公告)号：US5785931A
公开(公告)日：1998-07-28
申请号：US761527
申请日：1996-12-06
申请人： Wolfgang Maus , Helmut Swars , Rolf Bruck , Bohumil Hum-Polik
发明人： Wolfgang Maus , Helmut Swars , Rolf Bruck , Bohumil Hum-Polik
IPC分类号： F28D1/047 , B01D53/86 , B01J35/04 , B21D47/00 , B32B3/12 , F01N3/20 , F01N3/28 , B01D53/34
CPC分类号： B01J35/04 , F01N3/2013 , F01N3/281 , F28D9/04 , F01N2330/44 , Y02T10/26 , Y10T29/49345 , Y10T428/1234 , Y10T428/1241 , Y10T428/24149 , Y10T428/24744
摘要： A metal honeycomb body is disposed within a jacket member. At least partly structured sheet-metal layers are wrapped around one another and extend alternatingly back and forth in a curved, preferably involute, fashion between an outer annular region and an inner annular region of the honeycomb body. The sheet-metal layers form loops. At least three reversal lines are defined in the outer annular region, and the sheet-metal layers are intertwined about these reversal lines. A method for producing the honeycomb body includes the following steps: forming or winding a multi-layer hollow coil from at least one sheet-metal strip which has at least partial structuring; deforming the multi-layer hollow coil from the outside thereof towards the inside at at least three lines such that the at least one sheet-metal strip extends in loops between outer and inner reversal lines; and compacting the resulting deformed multi-layer structure about the inner reversal lines by rotationally intertwining the loops formed by the folded sheet-metal layers in a given direction.

2. 发明授权

US5610844A Method of monitoring the operation of a catalytic converter 失效
标题翻译：监测催化转化器运行的方法
公开(公告)号：US5610844A
公开(公告)日：1997-03-11
申请号：US390676
申请日：1995-02-17
申请人： Wolfgang Maus , Helmut Swars , Rolf Bruck
发明人： Wolfgang Maus , Helmut Swars , Rolf Bruck
IPC分类号： F01N3/20 , F01N11/00 , F01N13/00 , F01N13/02 , F02B75/02 , F02D41/02
CPC分类号： F01N13/008 , F01N11/002 , F01N13/0097 , F01N2550/02 , F02B2075/027 , F02D41/0235 , Y02T10/47
摘要： A method for analyzing a condition of at least one partial volume of a catalytic converter through which a gas mixture flows, includes measuring a temperature with a sensor at least at one location or in a region within a partial volume during a change of chemical and/or physical properties of the gas mixture. The location or the region and a configuration of the sensor are selected in such a way that a reaction of the measured temperature to a change of the properties of the gas mixture is at least approximately representative of a reaction of the temperature in the partial volume of the catalytic converter. Set point values are determined for the respective change in the properties of the gas mixture on the basis of a thermodynamic model while taking physical boundary conditions and properties of the partial volume into account. The reaction of the measured temperature is determined and compared with the set point values.
摘要翻译：用于分析气体混合物流过的催化转化器的至少一个部分体积的状况的方法包括：在化学和/或燃料变化期间至少在一个位置或部分体积内的区域中用传感器测量温度，或气体混合物的物理性质。选择传感器的位置或区域以及结构，使得测量温度与气体混合物的性质变化的反应至少大致代表部分体积的温度的反应催化转化器。在考虑物理边界条件和部分体积的性质的同时，基于热力学模型，确定气体混合物的性质各自变化的设定点值。确定测量温度的反应并与设定值进行比较。

3. 发明授权

US5342783A Method for detecting a reaction zone in a catalytic converter 失效
标题翻译：用于检测催化转化器中反应区的方法
公开(公告)号：US5342783A
公开(公告)日：1994-08-30
申请号：US73105
申请日：1993-06-07
申请人： Helmut Swars , Rolf Bruck , Wolfgang Maus
发明人： Helmut Swars , Rolf Bruck , Wolfgang Maus
IPC分类号： F01N3/20 , F01N3/18 , F01N11/00 , G01N31/10
CPC分类号： F01N11/002 , F01N13/008 , F01N2550/02 , Y02T10/47
摘要： A catalytic converter has an inner region and a jacket surface surrounding the inner region and being disposed approximately parallel to a given flow direction. The inner region conducts a flow of a fluid containing ingredients to be converted in the inner region by a catalyzed exothermic reaction. The flow passes through the inner region in the given flow direction. The reaction zone is defined as a part of the inner region in which a reaction predominantly takes place. A method for detecting a reaction zone in the catalytic converter includes detecting the reaction zone by measuring a distribution of temperature over the jacket surface along a measurement path being aligned approximately parallel to the given flow direction. The reaction zone is determined by a segment of the measurement path at which the temperature deviates by less than a predetermined limit value from a maximum value of the temperature over the measurement path.
摘要翻译：催化转化器具有围绕内部区域并且大致平行于给定流动方向设置的内部区域和护套表面。内部区域通过催化放热反应来导入含有要在内部区域中转化的成分的流体的流动。流在给定的流动方向上流过内部区域。反应区被定义为主要发生反应的内部区域的一部分。用于检测催化转化器中的反应区的方法包括通过沿着大致平行于给定流动方向排列的测量路径测量护套表面上的温度分布来检测反应区。反应区由温度从测量路径上的温度的最大值偏离小于预定极限值的测量路径段确定。

4. 发明授权

US5339628A Method for monitoring the catalytic activity of a catalytic converter in the exhaust gas system of an internal combustion engine 失效
标题翻译：用于监测内燃机排气系统中的催化转化器的催化活性的方法
公开(公告)号：US5339628A
公开(公告)日：1994-08-23
申请号：US24656
申请日：1993-03-01
申请人： Wolfgang Maus , Helmut Swars , Rolf Bruck
发明人： Wolfgang Maus , Helmut Swars , Rolf Bruck
IPC分类号： F01N3/20 , F01N3/18 , F01N3/28 , F01N9/00 , F01N11/00 , F02B1/04 , F02B3/06 , F02B75/10 , F02B77/08 , G01K7/18 , G01M13/00
CPC分类号： F01N11/002 , F01N13/008 , F01N9/00 , F02B77/086 , G01K7/18 , G01M13/00 , F01N2550/02 , F02B1/04 , F02B3/06 , Y02T10/47
摘要： A method for monitoring catalytic activity of a catalytic converter through which exhaust gas can flow in an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine includes measuring a temperature at least at two temperature measuring sensors and periodically repeatedly determining a temperature measuring variable from signals issued by the sensors during operation of the engine with an engine monitoring system. According to one method, the sensors are spaced apart in flow direction in or near the catalytic converter, the temperature measuring variable is averaged over a sufficiently long period of engine operation to average out special strains and form a mean temperature value, catalytic activity is ascertained by comparing the mean temperature value with a predetermined limit value, and a report is issued if the mean temperature value does not correspond to the limit value. According to another method, the sensors are associated with the catalytic converter, further measuring variables characterizing an applicable operating state of the engine are determined, a temperature limit value is determined from the further measuring variables, catalytic activity is determined by comparing the temperature measuring variable with the temperature limit value, and a report is issued if the temperature measuring variable is lower than the temperature limit value.
摘要翻译：用于监测催化转化器的催化活性的方法，其中废气可以在内燃机的排气系统中流动，催化剂活性包括至少在两个温度测量传感器处测量温度，并周期性地从由传感器发出的信号中确定温度测量变量在使用发动机监控系统的发动机运行期间。根据一种方法，传感器在催化转化器内或附近沿流动方向间隔开，在足够长的发动机运行时间内对温度测量变量进行平均，以平均出特殊应变并形成平均温度值，确定催化活性通过将平均温度值与预定极限值进行比较，并且如果平均温度值不对应于极限值则发出报告。根据另一种方法，传感器与催化转化器相关联，确定表征发动机适用运行状态的进一步测量变量，从另外的测量变量确定温度极限值，通过比较温度测量变量具有温度限制值，如果温度测量变量低于温度限制值，则发出报告。

5. 发明授权

US5255511A Method and apparatus for operational monitoring of a catalytic converter of an internal combustion engine and a catalytic converter to be monitored 失效
标题翻译：用于内燃机和催化转化器的催化转化器的操作监测的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5255511A
公开(公告)日：1993-10-26
申请号：US947722
申请日：1992-09-18
申请人： Wolfgang Maus , Helmut Swars , Rolf Bruck
发明人： Wolfgang Maus , Helmut Swars , Rolf Bruck
IPC分类号： F01N3/20 , F01N3/24 , F01N3/28 , F01N9/00 , F01N11/00 , F02B1/04 , F02D41/14
CPC分类号： F02D41/1441 , F01N11/002 , F01N13/008 , F01N3/2013 , F01N3/281 , F01N2550/00 , F01N2550/02 , F02B1/04 , Y02T10/26 , Y02T10/47
摘要： A method for operational monitoring of a catalytic converter of an exhaust system of an engine includes selecting at least two measurement locations at three-dimensionally spaced-apart cross-sectional regions of the exhaust system, and defining at least a partial volume of the catalytic converter between the locations being definitive for catalytic conversion of pollutants in the exhaust gas. The temperature at the regions is measured and monitored and the temperature at least at one of the locations is measured integrally over an approximately representative portion of at least one region and not spotwise. An apparatus for operational monitoring includes at least two temperature sensors disposed successively in flow direction in at least two regions of the exhaust system, defining at least the partial volume of the catalytic converter. At least one of the sensors integrally measures temperature over an approximately representative portion of the region in which it is disposed. An electronic monitoring apparatus evaluates measured temperature values. A display apparatus displays an evaluation outcome. A catalytic converter includes at least partially structured sheet-metal layers. At least one sensor is integrated into one of the structured sheet-metal layers in at least one cross-sectional region near at least one end surface, for integrally measuring temperature over an approximately representative portion of the one region.
摘要翻译：用于发动机的排气系统的催化转化器的操作监测的方法包括在排气系统的三维间隔的横截面区域中选择至少两个测量位置，并且限定催化转化器的至少一部分体积在废气中的污染物的催化转化的位置之间。测量和监测区域处的温度，并且至少在一个位置处的温度在至少一个区域的大致代表性的部分上整体测量而不是点样地测量。一种用于操作监测的装置包括在排气系统的至少两个区域中连续地沿流动方向设置的至少两个温度传感器，至少限定催化转化器的部分容积。传感器中的至少一个在其所处的区域的大致代表部分上整体地测量温度。电子监控装置评估测量的温度值。显示装置显示评价结果。催化转化器包括至少部分结构化的金属片层。至少一个传感器在至少一个端面附近的至少一个横截面区域中集成到结构化的金属片之一中，用于在一个区域的大致代表性部分上整体测量温度。

6. 发明授权

US5428956A Method for monitoring the catalytic activity of a catalytic converter in the exhaust gas system of an internal combustion engine 失效
标题翻译：用于监测内燃机排气系统中的催化转化器的催化活性的方法
公开(公告)号：US5428956A
公开(公告)日：1995-07-04
申请号：US247353
申请日：1994-05-23
申请人： Wolfgang Maus , Helmut Swars , Rolf Bruck
发明人： Wolfgang Maus , Helmut Swars , Rolf Bruck
IPC分类号： F01N3/20 , F01N3/18 , F01N3/28 , F01N9/00 , F01N11/00 , F02B1/04 , F02B3/06 , F02B75/10 , F02B77/08 , G01K7/18 , G01M13/00
CPC分类号： F01N11/002 , F01N13/008 , F01N9/00 , F02B77/086 , G01K7/18 , G01M13/00 , F01N2550/02 , F02B1/04 , F02B3/06 , Y02T10/47
摘要： A method for monitoring catalytic activity of a catalytic converter through which exhaust gas can flow in an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine includes measuring a temperature at least at two temperature measuring sensors and periodically repeatedly determining a temperature measuring variable from signals issued by the sensors during operation of the engine with an engine monitoring system. Further measuring variables characterizing an applicable operating state of the engine are determined, a temperature limit value is determined from the further measuring variables, catalytic activity is determined by comparing the temperature measuring variable with the temperature limit value, and a report is issued if the temperature measuring variable is lower than the temperature limit value.
摘要翻译：用于监测催化转化器的催化活性的方法，其中废气可以在内燃机的排气系统中流动，催化剂活性包括至少在两个温度测量传感器处测量温度，并周期性地从由传感器发出的信号中确定温度测量变量在使用发动机监控系统的发动机运行期间。确定表征发动机适用运行状态的其他测量变量，根据其他测量变量确定温度极限值，通过将温度测量变量与温度限值进行比较来确定催化活性，如果温度测量变量低于温度限值。

7. 发明授权

US5751602A Method of monitoring the operation of a catalytic converter 失效
标题翻译：监测催化转化器运行的方法
公开(公告)号：US5751602A
公开(公告)日：1998-05-12
申请号：US789488
申请日：1997-01-27
申请人： Wolfgang Maus , Helmut Swars , Rolf Bruck
发明人： Wolfgang Maus , Helmut Swars , Rolf Bruck
IPC分类号： F01N3/20 , F01N11/00 , F01N13/00 , F01N13/02 , F02B75/02 , F02D41/02
CPC分类号： F01N13/008 , F01N11/002 , F01N13/0097 , F01N2550/02 , F02B2075/027 , F02D41/0235 , Y02T10/47
摘要： A method for analyzing a condition of at least one partial volume of a catalytic converter through which a gas mixture flows, includes measuring a temperature with a sensor at least at one location or in a region within a partial volume during a change of chemical and/or physical properties of the gas mixture. The location or the region and a configuration of the sensor are selected in such a way that a reaction of the measured temperature to a change of the properties of the gas mixture is at least approximately representative of a reaction of the temperature in the partial volume of the catalytic converter. Set point values are determined for the respective change in the properties of the gas mixture on the basis of a thermodynamic model while taking physical boundary conditions and properties of the partial volume into account. The reaction of the measured temperature is determined and compared with the set point values.
摘要翻译：用于分析气体混合物流过的催化转化器的至少一个部分体积的状况的方法包括：在化学和/或燃料变化期间至少在一个位置或部分体积内的区域中用传感器测量温度，或气体混合物的物理性质。选择传感器的位置或区域以及结构，使得测量温度与气体混合物的性质变化的反应至少大致代表部分体积的温度的反应催化转化器。在考虑物理边界条件和部分体积的性质的同时，基于热力学模型，确定气体混合物的性质各自变化的设定点值。确定测量温度的反应并与设定值进行比较。

8. 发明授权

US5588291A Method for controlling the heating of an electrically heatable catalytic converter 失效
标题翻译：用于控制电可加热催化转化器的加热的方法
公开(公告)号：US5588291A
公开(公告)日：1996-12-31
申请号：US458493
申请日：1995-06-02
申请人： Wolfgang Maus , Rolf Bruck , Helmut Swars
发明人： Wolfgang Maus , Rolf Bruck , Helmut Swars
IPC分类号： F01N9/00 , F01N3/08 , F01N3/20 , F01N3/28 , F01N13/02
CPC分类号： F01N3/0835 , F01N13/009 , F01N13/0093 , F01N13/0097 , F01N3/0878 , F01N3/2013 , F01N3/2026 , F01N2250/12 , F01N2410/12 , F01N3/20 , Y02T10/26
摘要： A catalytic converter is connected downstream of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle and has at least a short portion to be quickly electrically heated. A method for controlling the heating of the catalytic converter includes turning on electric heating only after a delay after starting the internal combustion engine, if a rate of temperature change in the heatable portion of the catalytic converter, being caused by heat contained in exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine, is no greater than approximately a rate of temperature change attainable by electric heating.
摘要翻译：催化转化器连接在机动车辆的内燃机的下游，并具有至少短的部分以快速电加热。用于控制催化转化器的加热的方法包括仅在启动内燃机之后的延迟之后才启动电加热，如果催化转化器的可加热部分的温度变化率是由废气中包含的热量内燃机不大于通过电加热实现的大致温度变化率。

9. 发明授权

US5560200A Method and apparatus for functional monitoring of a catalytic converter 失效
标题翻译：用于催化转化器功能监测的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5560200A
公开(公告)日：1996-10-01
申请号：US484522
申请日：1995-06-07
申请人： Wolfgang Maus , Helmut Swars , Rolf Bruck
发明人： Wolfgang Maus , Helmut Swars , Rolf Bruck
IPC分类号： F01N3/18 , F01N3/20 , F01N9/00 , F01N11/00
CPC分类号： F01N11/002 , F01N2550/02 , Y02T10/47
摘要： A catalytic converter has a carrier structure and a catalytically active coating adhering to the carrier structure, and is disposed downstream of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle for cleaning exhaust gas. A method for functional monitoring of the catalytic converter includes determining a temperature of the catalytically active coating and/or of the structure of the catalytic converter at least at one location. A temperature of the exhaust gas is determined upstream of the at least one location of the catalytic converter. At least first derivatives over time of both temperature values are formed. A difference of the derivatives over time is formed. An instant after a start of the engine at which the difference changes its sign is ascertained. An apparatus for functional monitoring of the catalytic converter includes at least one measuring sensor for measuring a temperature of the carrier structure and/or of the catalytically active coating. At least one device determines an exhaust gas temperature. A differentiation circuit forms derivatives over time of the measured or determined temperatures. A subtraction circuit forms a difference between the two derivatives over time. A comparison circuit ascertains an instant at which the difference changes its sign.
摘要翻译：催化转化器具有附着在载体结构上的载体结构和催化活性涂层，并且设置在用于清洁废气的机动车辆的内燃机的下游。用于催化转化器的功能监测的方法包括至少在一个位置确定催化转化器的催化活性涂层和/或结构的温度。在催化转化器的至少一个位置的上游确定废气的温度。形成两个温度值随时间推移的至少一阶导数。形成衍生物随时间的差异。确定发动机启动之后瞬间差异改变其符号的瞬间。用于催化转化器的功能监测的装置包括至少一个用于测量载体结构和/或催化活性涂层的温度的测量传感器。至少一个装置确定废气温度。微分电路在测量或确定的温度下随时间形成衍生物。减法电路在时间上形成两种衍生物之间的差异。比较电路确定差异改变其符号的瞬间。

10. 发明授权

US5464679A Metal honeycomb body of intertwined sheet-metal layers, and method for its production 失效
标题翻译：交织金属板金属蜂窝体及其制造方法
公开(公告)号：US5464679A
公开(公告)日：1995-11-07
申请号：US91613
申请日：1993-07-14
申请人： Wolfgang Maus , Helmut Swars , Rolf Bruck , Bohumil Humpolik
发明人： Wolfgang Maus , Helmut Swars , Rolf Bruck , Bohumil Humpolik
IPC分类号： F28D1/047 , B01D53/86 , B01J35/04 , B21D47/00 , B32B3/12 , F01N3/20 , F01N3/28
CPC分类号： B01J35/04 , F01N3/2013 , F01N3/281 , F28D9/04 , F01N2330/44 , Y02T10/26 , Y10T29/49345 , Y10T428/1234 , Y10T428/1241 , Y10T428/24149 , Y10T428/24744
摘要： A metal honeycomb body is disposed within a jacket member. At least partly structured sheet-metal layers are wrapped around one another and extend alternatingly back and forth in a curved, preferably involute, fashion between an outer annular region and an inner annular region of the honeycomb body. The sheet-metal layers form loops. At least three reversal lines are defined in the outer annular region, and the sheet-metal layers are intertwined about these reversal lines. A method for producing the honeycomb body includes the following steps: forming or winding a multi-layer hollow coil from at least one sheet-metal strip which has at least partial structuring; deforming the multi-layer hollow coil from the outside thereof towards the inside at at least three lines such that the at least one sheet-metal strip extends in loops between outer and inner reversal lines; and compacting the resulting deformed multi-layer structure about the inner reversal lines by rotationally intertwining the loops formed by the folded sheet-metal layers in a given direction.
摘要翻译：金属蜂窝体设置在护套构件内。至少部分结构的片状金属层彼此缠绕并且在蜂窝体的外部环形区域和内部环形区域之间以弯曲的，优选渐开线的方式来回交替地延伸。钣金层形成环。至少三个反转线限定在外环形区域中，并且金属片层围绕这些反转线缠结。一种蜂窝体的制造方法，其特征在于，具有至少一部分结构化的至少一块金属板形成或卷绕多层中空线圈; 使多层空心线圈从外部朝向内侧至少三条线变形，使得至少一个金属片带在外部和内部反向线之间的环路中延伸; 并且通过沿着给定的方向旋转地缠绕由折叠的金属板形成的环来围绕内部反转线压缩所形成的变形的多层结构。

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