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1. 发明授权

US5650634A Interchannel nonequilibrium confined-phonon exchange device 失效
标题翻译：通道间非均衡限制声子交换装置
公开(公告)号：US5650634A
公开(公告)日：1997-07-22
申请号：US522893
申请日：1995-09-01
申请人： Vladimir V. Mitin , Viatcheslav Kochelap , Rimvydas Mickevicius , Mitra Dutta , Michael A. Stroscio
发明人： Vladimir V. Mitin , Viatcheslav Kochelap , Rimvydas Mickevicius , Mitra Dutta , Michael A. Stroscio
IPC分类号： H01L29/76 , H01L29/06
CPC分类号： H01L29/76
摘要： A submatrix of semiconductor material contains plural electron conduction annels in either or both series and parallel arrangements. Electrons in the channels are confined by the submatrix and a surrounding main matrix provides photon confinement within the submatrix for nonequilibrium phonons which are mutually interchanged between channels. The confinement enhances the efficiency of energy and momentum transfer by means of nonequilibrium phonons. Embodiments of the invention as a transformer, bistable switch, controlled switch and amplifier are disclosed.
摘要翻译：半导体材料的子矩阵在串联和并联布置中都包含多个电子传导通道。通道中的电子被子矩阵约束，并且周围的主矩阵在子矩阵内提供在通道之间相互交换的非平衡声子之间的光子约束。限制通过非平衡声子提高能量和动量传递的效率。公开了作为变压器，双稳态开关，受控开关和放大器的本发明的实施例。

2. 发明授权

US5459334A Negative absolute conductance device and method 失效
标题翻译：负绝对电导装置及方法
公开(公告)号：US5459334A
公开(公告)日：1995-10-17
申请号：US309214
申请日：1994-09-20
申请人： Mitra Dutta , Michael A. Stroscio , Vladimir V. Mitin , Rimvydas Mickevicius
发明人： Mitra Dutta , Michael A. Stroscio , Vladimir V. Mitin , Rimvydas Mickevicius
IPC分类号： H01L29/12 , H01L29/205 , H01L31/08
CPC分类号： B82Y10/00 , H01L29/125
摘要： A quantum wire embedded in another material or a quantum wire which is free standing. Specifically, the quantum wire structure is fabricated such that a quantum well semiconductor material, for example Gallium Arsenide (GaAS), is embedded in a quantum barrier semiconductor material, for example Aluminum Arsenide (AlAs). Preferably, the entire quantum wire structure is engineered to form multiple subbands and is limited to a low dimensional quantum structure. The dimensions of the quantum wire structure are preferably around 150.times.250 .ANG.. This structure has a negative absolute conductance at a predetermined voltage and temperature. As a result of the resonant behavior of the density of states, the rates of electron scattering in the passive region (acoustic phonon and ionized impurity scattering as well as absorption of optical phonons) decrease dramatically as the electron kinetic energy increases.
摘要翻译：嵌入另一种材料中的量子线或自由站立的量子线。具体地，量子线结构被制造成使量子阱半导体材料，例如砷化镓（GaAS）被嵌入量子势垒半导体材料，例如砷化铝（AlAs）中。优选地，整个量子线结构被设计成形成多个子带并被限制于低维量子结构。量子线结构的尺寸优选为150×250左右。该结构在预定电压和温度下具有负的绝对电导。作为状态密度的共振行为的结果，随着电子动能增加，被动区域中的电子散射速率（声学声子和离子化杂质散射以及光学声子的吸收）显着降低。

3. 发明授权

US5264711A Metal-encapsulated quantum wire for enhanced charge transport 失效
标题翻译：金属封装量子线，用于增强电荷传输
公开(公告)号：US5264711A
公开(公告)日：1993-11-23
申请号：US945040
申请日：1992-09-15
申请人： Mitra Dutta , Harold L. Grubin , Gerald J. Iafrate , Ki Wook Kim , Michael A. Stroscio
发明人： Mitra Dutta , Harold L. Grubin , Gerald J. Iafrate , Ki Wook Kim , Michael A. Stroscio
IPC分类号： H01L29/12 , H01L33/00 , H01L29/02
CPC分类号： H01L29/125 , B82Y10/00
摘要： A polar semiconductor quantum wire for use in electronic and opto-electronic devices. The polar semiconductor quantum wire is either completely or partially encapsulated in metal to reduce the strength of the scattering potential associated with interface optical phonons normally established at the lateral boundaries of polar semiconductor quantum wires. Metal alone or metal employed in conjunction with modulation doping enhances the transport of charge carriers within the polar semiconductor quantum wire.
摘要翻译：一种用于电子和光电子器件的极性半导体量子线。极性半导体量子线被完全或部分地封装在金属中以降低通常在极性半导体量子线的横向边界处建立的界面光学声子相关的散射电位的强度。与调制掺杂结合使用的金属或金属增强了极性半导体量子线内的电荷载流子的传输。

4. 发明授权

US5374831A Quantum well phonon modulator 失效
标题翻译：量子阱声子调制器
公开(公告)号：US5374831A
公开(公告)日：1994-12-20
申请号：US51105
申请日：1993-04-14
申请人： Mitra Dutta , Gerald J. Iafrate , Ki W. Kim , Michael A. Stroscio
发明人： Mitra Dutta , Gerald J. Iafrate , Ki W. Kim , Michael A. Stroscio
IPC分类号： H01L29/76 , H01L29/772 , H01L29/225
CPC分类号： H01L29/76 , H01L29/7727
摘要： A phonon modulator which includes a semiconductor body having at least first and second polar semiconductor quantum wells formed therein separated by a polar semiconductor barrier. The conduction band energies of the wells and barrier are selected such that the lowest energy electronic states in the two wells are separated by an energy which is greater than the energies of optical phonons in the well and barrier materials. Respective voltages are applied to the wells which are less than the optical phonon emission threshold in the well and barrier materials to generate respective currents therein. Increasing the voltage to the first well to a level in excess of such optical phonon emission threshold causes optical phonons to be emitted from the first well to create a standing interface mode from the first well through the barrier to the second well, thereby providing a scattering mechanism for electrons in the second well and reducing the current thereof.
摘要翻译：一种声子调制器，其包括半导体本体，其具有形成在其中的至少第一和第二极性半导体量子阱，所述极化半导体量子阱由极性半导体势垒隔开。选择阱和势垒的导带能量，使得两个阱中的最低能量电子状态被比井和阻挡材料中的光学声子的能量大的能量分开。相应的电压施加到井中，该阱小于阱和阻挡材料中的光学声子发射阈值以在其中产生其中的相应电流。将第一阱的电压提高到超过这种光学声子发射阈值的水平，导致从第一阱发射光学声子，以产生从第一阱通过势垒到第二阱的立体界面模式，从而提供散射在第二阱中电子的机理并且减小其电流。

5. 发明授权

US5661740A TEM mode quantum wire or well structure 失效
标题翻译： TEM模式量子线或阱结构
公开(公告)号：US5661740A
公开(公告)日：1997-08-26
申请号：US636995
申请日：1996-04-16
申请人： Mitra Dutta , Michael A. Stroscio , Yuri M. Sirenko , Ki Wook Kim
发明人： Mitra Dutta , Michael A. Stroscio , Yuri M. Sirenko , Ki Wook Kim
IPC分类号： H01S5/042 , H01S5/06 , H01S5/062 , H01S5/10 , H01S5/34 , H01S3/19 , H01L29/06
CPC分类号： B82Y20/00 , H01S5/0425 , H01S5/0607 , H01S5/06203 , H01S5/10 , H01S5/34 , H01S5/341 , H01S2301/14
摘要： A semiconductor lasing device is formed by disposing a quantum well or quum wire array between positive and negative ohmic contacts such that different potentials are applied along the array to establish a transverse electromagnetic (TEM) mode of the optic signal (i.e. where the field components lie in a plane perpendicular to the direction of propagation). Thus, the light confinement l will be on the order of the electron confinement a. By applying different potentials via the positive and negative ohmic contacts to multiply connected waveguides, the established TEM mode does not have a cut-off frequency, and therefore, the gain of device can be greatly enhanced while still providing increased anisotropy and a low threshold current.
摘要翻译：通过在正和负欧姆接触之间设置量子阱或量子线阵列来形成半导体激光装置，使得沿阵列施加不同的电位以建立光信号的横向电磁（TEM）模式（即，场分量位于在垂直于传播方向的平面中）。因此，光限制1将是电子限制的顺序a。通过施加不同的电位通过正欧姆接触和负欧姆接触来连接多个波导，建立的TEM模式不具有截止频率，因此可以大大提高器件的增益，同时仍然提供增加的各向异性和低阈值电流。

6. 发明授权

US5387997A Optical modulator based on piezoelectrically driven anisotropic optical absorption 失效
标题翻译：基于压电驱动各向异性光吸收的光学调制器
公开(公告)号：US5387997A
公开(公告)日：1995-02-07
申请号：US159902
申请日：1993-11-29
申请人： Gerald J. Iafrate , Mitra Dutta , Hongen Shen , Michael A. Stroscio , Arthur Ballato
发明人： Gerald J. Iafrate , Mitra Dutta , Hongen Shen , Michael A. Stroscio , Arthur Ballato
IPC分类号： G02F1/017 , G02F1/015
CPC分类号： B82Y20/00 , G02F1/017
摘要： An optic modulator having a transparent piezoelectric substrate, an active multiple quantum well (MQW) epilayer with bottom electrical contacts bonded to the substrate, wherein the substrate is cut such that its thermal expansion coefficient is matched or roughly matched to that of the MQW epilayer in the direction parallel to the long axes of the bottom contacts and so that the piezoelectrically-active direction of the substrate is normal to the long axes of the bottom contacts. In order to control the bias of the MQW epilayer a transparent contact is disposed over the MQW epilayer. In operation, the piezoelectric substrate, when activated, will displace an anisotropic strain on the MQW epilayer which will break the rotational symmetry in the plane of the MQW. This will result in anisotropic mixing of the heavy and light holes in the MQW epilayer and thus, will result in an anisotropic excitonic absorption of light normal to the MQW epilayer.
摘要翻译：一种具有透明压电衬底的光调制器，具有与衬底结合的底部电触点的活性多量子阱（MQW）外延层，其中衬底被切割，使得其热膨胀系数与MQW外延层的热膨胀系数匹配或大致匹配平行于底部触点的长轴的方向，并且使得基板的压电方向垂直于底部触点的长轴。为了控制MQW外延层的偏置，在MQW外延层上设置透明触点。在操作中，当激活时，压电基板将移动MQW外延层上的各向异性应变，这将破坏MQW平面中的旋转对称性。这将导致MQW外延层中重孔和光孔的各向异性混合，从而导致与MQW外延层垂直的光的各向异性激子吸收。

7. 发明授权

US5917194A Mesoscopic electronic devices with tailored energy loss scattering 失效
标题翻译：具有定制能量损失散射的介观电子设备
公开(公告)号：US5917194A
公开(公告)日：1999-06-29
申请号：US684766
申请日：1996-07-17
申请人： Mitra Dutta , Michael A. Stroscio , Gerald J. Iafrate , Ki Wook Kim , Yuri M. Sirenko
发明人： Mitra Dutta , Michael A. Stroscio , Gerald J. Iafrate , Ki Wook Kim , Yuri M. Sirenko
IPC分类号： H01L29/06 , H01L29/12 , H01L29/775 , H01L31/0352
CPC分类号： B82Y10/00 , H01L29/0665 , H01L29/0673 , H01L29/125
摘要： A mesoscopic structure is fabricated such that the desired dominant modes of the acoustic phonons in the structure have wavelengths such that the length of a half-integral number of wavelengths equals the length of the structure through which the desired electron wave is propagating. A manner of achieving this object is to provide for a material in a quantum wire and a material at the end of the quantum wire such that the two materials have such different properties (as disclosed hereinafter) to abruptly dampen the phonon modes at the interface between the two materials. With such an interface, a clamped boundary condition will occur and the modes of amplitude can be assumed to vanish at the interface. Such a case applies at some metal-semiconductor interfaces. In particular, for a mesoscopic device having wire-like regions which terminate on a variety of metal regions (regions used as contacts, gates, barriers, etc.), it is satisfactory to apply clamped boundary conditions. At these boundaries, the acoustic modes will have nodes instead of the anti-nodes that are established in the case of an open boundary.
摘要翻译：制造介观结构，使得结构中声学声子的期望主要模式具有波长，使得半整数倍的波长的长度等于期望的电子波正在传播的结构的长度。实现该目的的一种方式是提供量子线材料和量子线末端的材料，使得两种材料具有如下所述的不同性质（如下所述），以突然地抑制在第两种材料。通过这样的界面，会发生夹紧的边界条件，并且可以假定振幅的模式在界面处消失。这种情况适用于某些金属 - 半导体界面。特别地，对于具有终止于各种金属区域（用作触点，栅极，屏障等的区域）的线状区域的介观器件，施加夹持的边界条件是令人满意的。在这些边界处，声学模式将具有节点而不是在开放边界的情况下建立的反节点。

8. 发明授权

US5705824A Field controlled current modulators based on tunable barrier strengths 失效
标题翻译：基于可调阻挡强度的场控电流调制器
公开(公告)号：US5705824A
公开(公告)日：1998-01-06
申请号：US497672
申请日：1995-06-30
申请人： Gerald J. Lafrate , Jun He , Mitra Dutta , Michael A. Stroscio
发明人： Gerald J. Lafrate , Jun He , Mitra Dutta , Michael A. Stroscio
IPC分类号： H01L29/66 , H01L29/739 , H01L29/775 , H01L29/88
CPC分类号： B82Y10/00 , H01L29/66977 , H01L29/739 , H01L29/775
摘要： A carrier transport media is doped with impurities or includes barrier structures within or on the carrier transport media and a sinusoidally alternating external electric field(s) with frequencies equal to the Bloch frequency divided by an integer is applied to the carrier transport media to alter the effective barriers of the impurities or barrier structures to an arbitrarily large potential compared to the zero field barrier potential. The various impurities or barrier structures are band engineered and deposited, grown or implanted in the carrier transport media and can take any form such as barrier layers in or on the transport media, laterally induced barriers, and impurities or defects in the carrier transport media. The application of time-dependent external fields across a length of nanoscale or mesoscopic structure leads to an effective renominalization of the barrier potential strengths when the frequency of the applied electric field multiplied by an integer is equal to the Bloch frequency. Under these conditions the transmission probability is altered and the current ratio, i.sub.2 /i.sub.1, will be modulated strongly.
摘要翻译：载体传输介质掺杂有杂质或包括在载流子传输介质内或载体传输介质上的屏障结构，并且将频率等于Bloch频率除以整数的正弦交替外部电场施加到载体传输介质以改变载体传输介质与零场势垒电位相比，杂质或势垒结构的有效屏障具有任意大的电位。各种杂质或阻挡结构被带式工程化并沉积，生长或植入载体传输介质中，并且可以采取传输介质中或传输介质上的任何形式，例如阻挡层，侧向诱导的屏障，以及载体传输介质中的杂质或缺陷。当施加的电场乘以整数的频率等于Bloch频率时，在纳米尺度或介观结构的长度上施加时间依赖的外部场的结果导致势垒势垒的有效归一化。在这些条件下，传输概率被改变，并且电流比率i2 / i1将被强烈地调制。

9. 发明授权

US5488226A Infrared imaging array based on temperature driven anisotropic optical absorption 失效
标题翻译：基于温度驱动各向异性光吸收的红外成像阵列
公开(公告)号：US5488226A
公开(公告)日：1996-01-30
申请号：US341774
申请日：1994-11-18
申请人： Gerald J. Iafrate , Mitra Dutta , Paul H. Shen , Michael A. Stroscio
发明人： Gerald J. Iafrate , Mitra Dutta , Paul H. Shen , Michael A. Stroscio
IPC分类号： H01L27/16 , H01L31/0352 , H01L31/06
CPC分类号： B82Y20/00 , H01L27/16 , H01L31/035236
摘要： An thermal imaging device having a transparent substrate, an active multiple quantum well (MQW) epilayer with bottom electrical contacts bonded to the substrate, wherein the substrate is cut such that its thermal expansion coefficient is matched or roughly matched to that of the MQW epilayer in the direction parallel to the long axis of the bottom contacts and so that the thermal expansion coefficient of the substrate is mismatched in a direction normal to the long axis of the bottom contacts. Infrared radiation incident on each unit cell of the n.times.m array will produce a temperature change .DELTA.T in the MQW which will produce stress normal to the long axis of the bottom contacts. The uniaxial stress produced by the temperature changes .DELTA.T breaks the rotation symmetry in the plane of the MQW structure. This will result in anisotropic mixing of the heavy and light holes in the MQW epilayer and thus, will result in an anisotropic excitonic absorption of the MQW epilayer, which can be detected and analyzed either electrically or optically.
摘要翻译：具有透明基板的热成像装置，具有与基板接合的底部电触点的活性多量子阱（MQW）外延层，其中切割基板，使得其热膨胀系数与MQW外延层的热膨胀系数匹配或大致匹配平行于底部触点的长轴的方向，使得基板的热膨胀系数在垂直于底部触头的长轴的方向上失配。入射到nxm阵列的每个单元电池上的红外辐射将在MQW中产生温度变化DELTA T，这将产生垂直于底部触点的长轴的应力。温度变化产生的单轴应力DELTA T破坏了MQW结构平面的旋转对称性。这将导致MQW外延层中重孔和光孔的各向异性混合，从而导致MQW外延层的各向异性激子吸收，可以电或光学检测和分析。

10. 发明授权

US06188808B1 Microwave system 失效
标题翻译：微波系统
公开(公告)号：US06188808B1
公开(公告)日：2001-02-13
申请号：US09315425
申请日：1999-05-20
申请人： Weimin Zhou , Paul H. Shen , Mitra Dutta , Jagadeesh Pamulapati
发明人： Weimin Zhou , Paul H. Shen , Mitra Dutta , Jagadeesh Pamulapati
IPC分类号： G02F1035
CPC分类号： G02B6/12004 , G02B2006/1215 , H01Q3/2676
摘要： An optical signal processor is implemented as a monolithically integrated semiconductor structure having optical waveguide devices forming beam splitters, optical amplifiers and optical phase shifters. The monolithic structure photonically controls a phased-array microwave antenna. Phase-locked master and slave lasers generate orthogonal light beams having a difference frequency that corresponds to the microwave carrier frequency of the phased-array antenna. The lasers feed the signal processor, which performs beam splitting, optical amplifying and phase shifting functions. A polarizer and an array of diode detectors convert optical output signals from the signal processor into microwave signals that feed the phased-array antenna. The optical waveguides of the signal processor are fabricated in a single selective epitaxial growth step on a semiconductor substrate.
摘要翻译：光信号处理器被实现为具有形成分束器，光放大器和光移相器的光波导器件的单片集成半导体结构。单片结构光子控制相控阵微波天线。锁相主激光器和从属激光器产生具有对应于相控阵天线的微波载波频率的差频的正交光束。激光器馈送信号处理器，其执行光束分离，光放大和相移功能。偏振器和二极管检测器阵列将来自信号处理器的光输出信号转换成馈入相控阵天线的微波信号。在半导体衬底上的单个选择性外延生长步骤中制造信号处理器的光波导。

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