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    • 4. 发明授权
    • Catalytic refining process for tank bottoms wax
    • 罐底蜡的催化精制工艺
    • US4148711A
    • 1979-04-10
    • US812795
    • 1977-07-05
    • Clinton H. Holder
    • Clinton H. Holder
    • C10G73/44C10G43/02
    • C10G73/44
    • High melting, deoiled and mildly deasphalted tank bottoms wax is catalytically refined in two stages using a catalyst comprising nickel molybdate on alumina. The first stage is maintained at a temperature at least about 50.degree. F. higher than the second stage and the temperature in the second stage is allowed to go no higher than about 575.degree. F. Hydrofined wax product from the second stage is recycled back into same and the temperature in the first stage is periodically increased in order to counteract deactivation of the catalyst. By using a judicious combination of process conditions, unrefined high melting tank bottoms microwax stocks can be made into high quality, high melting point microwax having excellent color and meeting FDA purity requirements.
    • 使用包含氧化钼上的钼酸镍的催化剂在两个阶段催化精炼高熔点,脱油和轻度脱沥青罐底部蜡。 第一阶段保持在比第二阶段高至少约50°F的温度,第二阶段的温度不高于约575°F。来自第二阶段的加氢精制蜡产品被再循环回 相同,并且周期性地增加第一阶段中的温度以抵消催化剂的失活。 通过使用工艺条件的合理组合,未精制的高熔点底部微量油可以制成高品质,高熔点的微蜡,具有优异的颜色,符合FDA的纯度要求。
    • 5. 发明授权
    • Voltage programming switch for one-time-programmable (OTP) memories
    • 用于一次可编程(OTP)存储器的电压编程开关
    • US07626845B2
    • 2009-12-01
    • US11610284
    • 2006-12-13
    • Clinton H. Holder, Jr.Kang W. LeeJoseph E. SimkoYehuda SmoohaYing Zhu
    • Clinton H. Holder, Jr.Kang W. LeeJoseph E. SimkoYehuda SmoohaYing Zhu
    • G11C17/00
    • G11C17/16G11C17/18
    • In one embodiment, the invention is an integrated circuit (IC) including an OTP memory and conditioning circuitry. The IC receives an externally-generated DC programming voltage signal that the conditioning circuitry transforms into a programming pulse signal for programming the OTP memory. The conditioning circuitry includes: (i) reset protection circuitry for holding the programming pulse signal low if the IC is powering up, (ii) an overvoltage protection circuit for substantially preventing the programming pulse voltage from exceeding predefined boundaries, and (iii) a conversion switch for controlling the programming pulse voltage. The programming pulse voltage is (i) substantially equivalent to the externally-generated DC voltage if an enable signal is on, and (ii) substantially equivalent to a reference voltage if the enable signal is off.
    • 在一个实施例中,本发明是包括OTP存储器和调节电路的集成电路(IC)。 IC接收外部产生的直流编程电压信号,调理电路变换为用于编程OTP存储器的编程脉冲信号。 调节电路包括:(i)复位保护电路,用于在IC上电时保持编程脉冲信号为低电平,(ii)过压保护电路,用于基本上防止编程脉冲电压超出预定义的边界,以及(iii)转换 用于控制编程脉冲电压的开关。 如果使能信号为开,编程脉冲电压为(i)基本上等于外部产生的直流电压,以及(ii)如果使能信号关闭,则基本上等于参考电压。
    • 9. 发明申请
    • VOLTAGE PROGRAMMING SWITCH FOR ONE-TIME-PROGRAMMABLE (OTP) MEMORIES
    • 用于一次可编程(OTP)存储器的电压编程开关
    • US20080144350A1
    • 2008-06-19
    • US11610284
    • 2006-12-13
    • Clinton H. HolderKang W. LeeJoseph E. SimkoYehuda SmoohaYing Zhu
    • Clinton H. HolderKang W. LeeJoseph E. SimkoYehuda SmoohaYing Zhu
    • G11C17/08
    • G11C17/16G11C17/18
    • In one embodiment, the invention is an integrated circuit (IC) including an OTP memory and conditioning circuitry. The IC receives an externally-generated DC programming voltage signal that the conditioning circuitry transforms into a programming pulse signal for programming the OTP memory. The conditioning circuitry includes: (i) reset protection circuitry for holding the programming pulse signal low if the IC is powering up, (ii) an overvoltage protection circuit for substantially preventing the programming pulse voltage from exceeding predefined boundaries, and (iii) a conversion switch for controlling the programming pulse voltage. The programming pulse voltage is (i) substantially equivalent to the externally-generated DC voltage if an enable signal is on, and (ii) substantially equivalent to a reference voltage if the enable signal is off.
    • 在一个实施例中,本发明是包括OTP存储器和调节电路的集成电路(IC)。 IC接收外部产生的直流编程电压信号,调理电路变换为用于编程OTP存储器的编程脉冲信号。 调节电路包括:(i)复位保护电路,用于在IC上电时保持编程脉冲信号为低电平,(ii)过压保护电路,用于基本上防止编程脉冲电压超出预定义的边界,以及(iii)转换 用于控制编程脉冲电压的开关。 如果使能信号为开,编程脉冲电压为(i)基本上等于外部产生的直流电压,以及(ii)如果使能信号关闭,则基本上等于参考电压。