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1. 发明公开

EP3202522A1 METHOD FOR THE ALUMINO-THERMITE WELDING OF RAILS AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT SAID METHOD 有权
标题翻译：用于导轨的铝钎焊的方法和装置用于执行所述方法
公开(公告)号：EP3202522A1
公开(公告)日：2017-08-09
申请号：EP15845828.1
申请日：2015-05-14
申请人： Lykov, Aleksei Mikhailovich , Kulchitskiy, Vladimir Antonovich
发明人： Lykov, Aleksei Mikhailovich , Kulchitskiy, Vladimir Antonovich
IPC分类号： B23K23/00
CPC分类号： B23K23/00
摘要： This invention relates to the field of welding and may be used, for example, when repairing rails of railway tracks.
Welded rail ends are installed into the split mold with formation of the welding gap between edges thereof. The reaction crucible with the additional container, wherein filler metal having predetermined chemical composition is disposed, is installed above the mold. Said container is preheated up to the temperature of 100-700°C, after which the crucible is loaded with aluminothermic mixture, rail ends and split mold are heated, and aluminothermic mixture is ignited. As a result of exothermic reaction of aluminothermic mixture, the container with the melted filler metal is heated, after which it is fed through the drain neck at the container bottom to the mold, where it fills the welding gap. Filler material is cured until hardening and weld formation, after which the weld and heat-affected zone are initially cooled with a compressed air jet down to the temperature of 250-300°C, and then cooled in the air, and the weld top part is removed from the welded rail head. The ratio between weight G1 of filler metal in the additional container and weight G2 of aluminothermic mixture in the crucible is selected within the range of G1/G2= 0.1-0.6, whereas metal and slag are removed from the reaction crucible to the receptacle after welding. If necessary, it is possible to add powders or nanopowders of carbides, carbonitrides or nitrides of transition metals to filler metal.
Use of this invention allows achieving high quality of the rail weld and heat-affected zone, which results in enhancement of stress-related characteristics of weld metal and high performance characteristics thereof. 2 independent and 5 dependent claims, 3 drawings.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及焊接领域并且可以用于例如修理铁路轨道的轨道时。将焊接的轨道端部安装到分开的模具中，在其边缘之间形成焊接间隙。具有附加容器的反应坩埚安装在模具的上方，其中设置有具有预定化学组成的填充金属。将所述容器预热至100-700℃的温度，然后将坩埚装载铝热混合物，加热轨道末端和分开的模具，并点燃铝热混合物。由于铝热反应混合物的放热反应，加热熔化了的填充金属的容器，然后将其通过容器底部的排放颈部送入模具，在模具中填充焊接间隙。填充材料被固化直到硬化和焊接形成，然后焊接和热影响区域首先用压缩空气喷射冷却到250-300℃的温度，然后在空气中冷却，焊接顶部从焊接的导轨头部移除。附加容器中填充金属的重量G1与坩埚中铝热混合物的重量G2之间的比率选择在G1 / G2 = 0.1-0.6的范围内，而在焊接之后将金属和炉渣从反应坩埚移出到容器。如有必要，可以将过渡金属的碳化物，碳氮化物或氮化物的粉末或纳米粉末添加到填充金属中。使用本发明可以实现钢轨焊接和热影响区的高质量，这导致焊接金属的应力相关特性的提高和其高性能特性。 2个独立索赔和5个独立索赔，3个图纸。

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