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    • 93. 发明公开
    • EP0706665A4 -
    • EP0706665A4 - Google专利
    • EP0706665A4
    • 1996-05-08
    • EP94922474
    • 1994-06-30
    • TRIMBLE NAVIGATION LTD
    • TALBOT NICHOLAS CNICHOLS MARK
    • G01C15/00G01C15/06G01S5/14G01S19/14G01S19/40G01S19/43G01S19/48G01S19/53G01S5/02
    • G01S19/40G01C15/002G01S19/43G01S19/48
    • Apparatus for measuring surveying parameters, such as distances and angular displacements between survey stations (11, 31), with improved accuracy. The invention combines a differential satellite positioning system (SATPS), available with positioning systems such as GPS and GLONASS, with electromagnetic measurements of distances and optically encoded angles by a conventional electro-optical survey instrument to provide survey measurements that can be accurate to within a few millimeters in favorable situations. The differential satellite positioning system relies upon carrier phse measurements, after removal of certain phase integer ambiguities associated with carrier phase SATPS signals. The SATPS may be retrofitted within the housing of the conventional electro-optical instrument.
    • 用于测量测量参数(例如测量站(11,31)之间的距离和角位移)的设备,具有改进的准确度。 本发明将可用于诸如GPS和GLONASS等定位系统的差分卫星定位系统(SATPS)与由常规电光调查仪器进行的距离和光学编码角度的电磁测量相结合,以提供可精确到 在有利的情况下几毫米。 在去除与载波相位SATPS信号相关联的某些相位整周模糊度之后,差分卫星定位系统依赖于载波频谱测量。 SATPS可以改装在常规电光学仪器的外壳内。
    • 94. 发明公开
    • METHOD OF TRIDIMENSIONAL MEASURING, REFERENCE SCALE AND SELF-ILLUMINATING REFERENCE SCALE FOR TRIDIMENSIONAL MEASURING
    • 方法为三维测量三维测量和比较规模和更加美好的比较基准。
    • EP0483383A1
    • 1992-05-06
    • EP91909369.0
    • 1991-05-17
    • KABUSHIKI KAISHA TOPCON
    • ISAWA, Nobuo, T5-1, Hasunuma-choSAKIMURA, Ritsuo, 75-1, Hasunuma-choKATSUME, Keikoku, 75-1, Hasunuma-cho
    • G01B11/00G01C15/00G01C15/06G01C3/22
    • G01S17/06G01C1/02G01C15/00G01C15/002G01C15/06
    • 5n7 According to the present invention, an observing machine is set at an observing point and collimation targets are disposed at three fixed points. By collimating the three fixed points from the observing machine, horizontal angles and height angles of three types are measured, respectively, and equations of error about the horizontal angles, height angles, distances between the three fixed points and straightnesses between the fixed points are established from these observed data. First, approximate values are obtained from the observed data, and further, by utilizing the method of least squares, the positions of the respective points can be obtained in details. Furthermore, by collimating the three fixed points and points to be sought from the observing machine, the horizontal angles and the height angles of three types are measured, respectively, so that the positions of the points can be obtained in details. Further, by forming three targets on a subtense bar at predetermined distances, at least the positions of the points can be obtained from the observation of the distances between the three points. Furthermore, by setting the observing machine at a known observing point and by positioning a measuring portion specified by the three fixed points at the point to be sought, collimation targets can be disposed at the three fixed points. By collimating the three fixed points from the observing machine, the positions of the three fixed points can be obtained in details. Further, by forming a measuring end portion at the forward end portion of a reference scale, a position of the measuring point can be obtained even when the measuring point cannot be directly observed from the outside. Furthermore, since a plurality of targets are formed of photoconductive optical material such that the internal light is emitted as a diffused flux of light, collimation can be easily performed even in a relatively dark place.
    • 。根据本发明,为了观察机设定在观察点和准直的目标是在三个固定点地设置。 通过从观测机准直三个固定点,水平角度和三种类型的高度角进行测量,分别与围绕水平角度误差的方程,高度角,建立固定点之间的三个固定点和直esses之间的距离 从论文-观察到的数据。 首先,近似值从观测数据获得的,并且进一步地,通过利用最小二乘方法,所述respectivement点的位置可以在细节来获得。 进一步,由准直三个固定点和点从观测机寻求,水平角度和三种类型的高度角进行测量,分别所以没有点的位置可以在细节来获得。 另外,通过以预定距离形成一对边条上三个目标,至少,该点的位置,可以从三个点之间的距离的观察获得。 进一步,通过在已知点设置观察机器和通过定位由在该点的三个固定点指定的测量部分观察到寻求,准直目标可以在三个固定点地设置。 通过校准从观察机三个固定点,所述三个固定点的位置可以在细节来获得。 此外,通过形成在基准刻度的前端部分上的测量端部,该测量点的位置可以得到即使当不能从外部直接观察到的测量点。 进一步,由于目标形成有多个光导的光学材料的研究没有内部光被扩散作为光发出的通量,准直可以容易地,即使在比较暗的场所进行。
    • 95. 发明公开
    • Piquet modulaire de jalonnage
    • 模块化有轨电车
    • EP0200575A1
    • 1986-11-05
    • EP86400410.6
    • 1986-02-26
    • Société en commandite simple "CAF GRAINS & CIE"
    • Desreumaux, Patrick
    • G01C15/06
    • G01C15/06
    • Le piquet modulaire de jalonnage (1) comprend une embase (2) effilée destinée à faciliter la pénétration du piquet dans le sol, un corps central (3) de section cruciforme et une extrémité supérieure (4) munie d'une cavité (5) axiale susceptible de recevoir la pointe (2) d'un piquet modulaire (1) superposé.
      La cavité (5) de l'extrémité supérieure (4) du piquet modulaire (1) est dotée d'orifices (6) de communication avec l'extérieur. De préférence, ces orifices (6) sont disposés dans le fond de la cavité (5) coaxialement à l'axe (7) du piquet et ils sont répartis entre les branches du corps central de section cruciforme du piquet (1).
      L'invention trouvera tout particulièrement son application dans le domaine agricole, horticole et des travaux publics.
    • 模块化纠察电车线路(1)包括一基座(2)的锥形,以便于桩的渗透入地下,(3)十字形部和上端(4)设置有一腔的中心体(5) 轴向能够接纳叠加的组合杆(1)的尖端(2)。 模块化柱(1)的上端(4)的空腔(5)设有用于与外部连通的孔(6)。 优选地,这些孔(6)被布置在空腔(5)的底部中与桩的轴线(7)同轴并且它们分布在桩(1)的十字形中心体的分支之间。 本发明将特别适用于农业,园艺和公共工程领域。