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1. 发明申请

US20040141578A1 Nuclear fusion reactor and method 审中-公开
标题翻译：核聚变反应堆和方法
公开(公告)号：US20040141578A1
公开(公告)日：2004-07-22
申请号：US10342476
申请日：2003-01-16
发明人： Arthur L. Enfinger
IPC分类号： G21J001/00 , G21B001/00
CPC分类号： G21B1/03 , G21B3/00 , Y02E30/14 , Y02E30/18
摘要： A nuclear fusion reactor comprising a spherical reaction chamber with a mirrored interior surface filled with a nuclear fusible and laser active gaseous medium such as deuterium. Using rapid gaseous expansion caused by a focused pulsed laser source and/or timed oscillations from piezoelectric transducer, a harmonic spherical acoustic wave pattern centered within the reaction chamber is created. This wave pattern is created near a desired frequency and centered in the sphere. The wave pattern contains a central gaseous ball of high-density, pressure, and temperature that causes ionization and radiation to occur. This radiation causes the mirrored chamber to activate a spherical laser effect focused on the high pressure plasma at the center of the reaction chamber. This spherical laser pulse acting on high pressure high-density of the central standing wave produces ignition of the gas and fusion. The tremendous energy from fusion drives the acoustic process which ideally allows for a self sustaining ignition temperature plasma requiring the addition of fuel only.
摘要翻译：一种核聚变反应器，其包括具有填充有核可熔和激光活性气体介质如氘的镜面内表面的球形反应室。使用由聚焦脉冲激光源引起的快速气体膨胀和/或来自压电换能器的定时振荡，产生在反应室内居中的谐波球形声波图案。该波形图形在靠近所需频率的地方产生，并以球体为中心。波形包含高密度，压力和温度的中心气球，导致电离和辐射发生。该辐射使镜像室激活聚焦在反应室中心的高压等离子体上的球形激光效应。这种球形激光脉冲作用于高压高密度的中央驻波产生了气体和熔融物的点燃。来自融合的巨大能量驱动声学过程，其理想地允许仅需要添加燃料的自持式点火温度等离子体。

2. 发明申请

US20030152184A1 Electromagnetic radiation-initiated plasma reactor 审中-公开
标题翻译：电磁辐射引发等离子体反应器
公开(公告)号：US20030152184A1
公开(公告)日：2003-08-14
申请号：US10336689
申请日：2003-01-06
发明人： Stephen H. Shehane , Rick Bernard Spielman , Jean-Francais P. Leon , Mike Fraim
IPC分类号： G21B001/00 , G21J001/00
CPC分类号： G21B1/23 , G21B1/00 , H01J45/00 , H05H1/22 , Y02E30/14
摘要： A reactor and method is disclosed that creates a stabilized, heated plasma and generates a large amount of thermal energy. The initial plasma may be created by heating, either through combustion reactions and/or external heating mechanism, a fuel which is a source of hydrogen ions and air (or oxygen) inside the reactor chamber, and then locally ionizing the hot matter with an external source of radiation, such as a laser and/or an electrical discharge and/or microwave discharge. A gas vortex around the plasma mass may be maintained to control the plasma mass, shape, and location. When the reaction is performed in the presence of certain mid-Z elements, such as lithium, beryllium, boron, nitrogen, or fluorine, the reactor is observed to generate a steady-state energy output up to and greater than 100 k W providing an energy output at least a factor of about 1 and typically a factor of about 10 or greater than the energy input into the reactor that would be caused by conventional combustion of the fuels including the energy input from the external source of radiation.
摘要翻译：公开了一种产生稳定的加热等离子体并产生大量热能的反应器和方法。初始等离子体可以通过加热，通过燃烧反应和/或外部加热机制，作为氢离子源和空气（或氧气）的反应室内的燃料，然后局部电离热物质与外部辐射源，例如激光和/或放电和/或微波放电。可以维持等离子体质量周围的气体涡流以控制等离子体质量，形状和位置。当反应在某些中Z族元素（例如锂，铍，硼，氮或氟）存在下进行时，观察反应器产生高达和大于100kW的稳态能量输出，从而提供能量输出至少约为1，并且通常为由燃料的常规燃烧（包括从外部辐射源输入的能量）引起的输入到反应器中的能量的约10或更大的系数。

3. 发明申请

US20030112916A1 Cold nuclear fusion under non-equilibrium conditions 审中-公开
标题翻译：非平衡条件下的冷核聚变
公开(公告)号：US20030112916A1
公开(公告)日：2003-06-19
申请号：US09514202
申请日：2000-02-25
发明人： Franklin W. Keeney , Steven E. Jones , Alben C. Johnson
IPC分类号： G21J001/00 , G21B001/00
CPC分类号： G21B3/00 , Y02E30/18
摘要： A method of producing cold nuclear fusion and a method of preparing a fusion-promoting material for producing cold nuclear fusion are disclosed. The method of producing fusion includes selecting a fusion-promoting material, hydriding the fusion-promoting material with a source of isotopic hydrogen, and establishing a non-equilibrium condition in the fusion-promoting material. The method of producing fusion may include cleaning the fusion-promoting material. The method of producing fusion may also include heat-treating the fusion-promoting material. The method of preparing a fusion-promoting material for producing fusion includes selecting a fusion-promoting material and hydriding the fusion-promoting material with a source of isotopic hydrogen. The method of preparing a fusion-promoting material for producing fusion may include cleaning the fusion-promoting material. The method of preparing a fusion-promoting material for producing fusion may also include heat-treating the fusion-promoting material.
摘要翻译：公开了一种制备冷核聚变的方法和一种制备用于生产冷核聚变的融合促进材料的方法。制备融合的方法包括选择融合促进材料，用同位素氢源氢化熔融促进材料，并在融合促进材料中建立非平衡状态。生产融合的方法可以包括清洗融合促进材料。生产融合的方法还可以包括对熔融促进材料进行热处理。制备融合促进材料的方法，包括选择融合促进材料，并用同位素氢源使融化促进材料氢化。制备融合促进材料的方法可以包括清洗融合促进材料。制备融合促进材料的方法还可以包括对熔融促进材料进行热处理。

4. 发明申请

US20030002610A1 Nuclear fusion and energy conversion apparatus 有权
标题翻译：核聚变和能量转换装置
公开(公告)号：US20030002610A1
公开(公告)日：2003-01-02
申请号：US10094354
申请日：2002-06-11
发明人： Emilio Panarella
IPC分类号： G21J001/00
CPC分类号： G21B1/00 , G21B1/21 , Y02E30/10
摘要： A system and method for generating electrical energy utilizing nuclear fusion comprised of a containment device, a quantity of plasma with fusible substances in the containment device, the containment device and its contents being adapted for repeated cycle bursts of fusion reactions in response to high energy electronic pulses. The fusion containment device is mounted within a chamber containing a body of fluid such that thermal heat energy originating from the fusion reactions is gathered into the fluid body. The heat energy stored in the fluid body may then be cycled to generate electrical energy. A portion of the generated electrical energy is returned to sustain operation of the nuclear fusion system, and the remaining electrical energy which is not returned to sustain the system is available for application as useful energy.
摘要翻译：利用核聚变产生电能的系统和方法，包括容纳装置，一定量的等离子体与容纳装置中的易熔物质，容纳装置及其内容物适于响应于高能电子的重复的聚合反应周期爆发脉冲。融合容纳装置安装在容纳流体的腔室中，使得源自聚变反应的热能聚集到流体中。然后可以循环储存在流体中的热能以产生电能。所产生的电能的一部分被返回以维持核聚变系统的操作，并且不返回以维持系统的剩余电能可用作有用能量。

5. 发明申请

US20020101949A1 Nuclear fusion reactor incorporating spherical electromagnetic fields to contain and extract energy 审中-公开
标题翻译：包含球面电磁场的核聚变反应堆包含和提取能量
公开(公告)号：US20020101949A1
公开(公告)日：2002-08-01
申请号：US09939316
申请日：2001-08-24
发明人： John T. Nordberg
IPC分类号： G21B001/00 , G21J001/00
CPC分类号： G21B1/05 , G21B1/11 , Y02E30/126
摘要： A nuclear fusion reactor system includes a reactor core containing nuclear fusionable material and a plurality of conducting spheres arranged adjacent each other with at least two of said conducting spheres adjacent the reactor core. The reactor core and the conducting spheres form a electro/magnetic circuit such that fusion of fusionable material in the reactor core establishes an electro/magnetic flow around the electro/magnetic circuit. Preferably, a spherical electromagnetic confinement field is initiated around the reactor core such that fusion of the nuclear fusionable material generates a plasma which interacts with the spherical electromagnetic confinement field in a magnethydrodynamic manner. Preferably, electrical energy is inductively extracted in response to the electro/magnetic flow through a coil arrangement located around at least one of the conducting spheres.
摘要翻译：核聚变反应堆系统包括含有可核可熔材料的反应堆核心和彼此相邻布置的多个导电球体，其中至少两个所述导电球体邻近反应堆堆芯。反应堆芯和导电球形成电/磁回路，使得反应堆芯中的可熔融材料的熔化在电/磁回路周围形成电/磁流。优选地，在反应堆堆芯周围开始球面电磁约束场，使得可熔融的核可熔材料产生与磁流体动力学方式与球形电磁限制场相互作用的等离子体。优选地，响应于通过位于至少一个传导球体上的线圈装置的电/磁流而感应地提取电能。

6. 发明申请

US20010043661A1 Method and system for reducing plasma loss in a magnetic mirror fusion reactor 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于减少磁反射镜聚变反应堆中的等离子体损耗的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US20010043661A1
公开(公告)日：2001-11-22
申请号：US09726859
申请日：2000-11-30
发明人： William J. Emrich JR.
IPC分类号： G21B001/00 , G21J001/00
CPC分类号： G21B1/052 , H05H1/14 , Y02E30/122
摘要： A method and system are provided for reducing plasma loss from the main chamber of a magnetic mirror fusion reactor (MMFR). The MMFR includes a mirror magnet defining a throat region and main chamber magnets defining a main chamber region adjacent the throat region. The present invention generates a field reversed configuration (FRC) inside the MMFR and only between the mirror magnet and the main chamber magnet that is adjacent to the mirror magnet.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于减少来自磁反射镜聚变反应堆（MMFR）的主室的等离子体损耗的方法和系统。 MMFR包括限定喉部区域的镜子磁体和限定邻近喉部区域的主室区域的主室磁体。本发明在MMFR内部产生场反转配置（FRC），仅在与镜面磁体相邻的反射镜磁体和主室磁体之间产生。

7. 发明申请

US20040130277A1 CONTROLLED FUSION IN A FIELD REVERSED CONFIGURATION AND DIRECT ENERGY CONVERSION 有权
公开(公告)号：US20040130277A1
公开(公告)日：2004-07-08
申请号：US10658887
申请日：2003-09-09
发明人： Hendrik J. Monkhorst , Norman Rostoker
IPC分类号： G21B001/00 , G21J001/00 , H05H013/00
CPC分类号： G21B1/052 , Y02E30/122
摘要： A system and apparatus for controlled fusion in a field reversed configuration (FRC) magnetic topology and conversion of fusion product energies directly to electric power. Preferably, plasma ions are magnetically confined in the FRC while plasma electrons are electrostatically confined in a deep energy well, created by tuning an externally applied magnetic field. In this configuration, ions and electrons may have adequate density and temperature so that upon collisions they are fused together by the nuclear force, thus forming fusion products that emerge in the form of an annular beam. Energy is removed from the fusion product ions as they spiral past electrodes of an inverse cyclotron converter. Advantageously, the fusion fuel plasmas that can be used with the present confinement and energy conversion system include advanced (aneutronic) fuels.

8. 发明申请

US20030223528A1 Electrostatic accelerated-recirculating-ion fusion neutron/proton source 审中-公开
标题翻译：静电加速 - 再循环 - 离子聚合中子/质子源
公开(公告)号：US20030223528A1
公开(公告)日：2003-12-04
申请号：US10364898
申请日：2003-02-12
发明人： George Miley , Yibin Gu , Jalal B. Javedani
IPC分类号： G21J001/00 , G21B001/00
CPC分类号： G21B1/05 , H05H3/06 , Y02E30/126
摘要： An electrostatic accelerated-recirculating-ion fusion neutron/proton source is disclosed. The device acts as a compact accelerator-plasma-target fusion neutron/proton source which can emulate a line-type source. The unit comprises an axially elongated hollow vacuum chamber having an inner and outer wall. Reflectors are located at opposite ends of the vacuum chamber so that their centers lie on the axis of the vacuum chamber. A cathode that is 100% transparent to oscillating particles is located within the vacuum chamber between the reflectors, defining a central volume and having the same axis as the vacuum chamber. Anodes that are 100% transparent to oscillating particles are located near opposite ends of the vacuum chamber between the reflectors dishes and the cathode, having axes coincident with the axis of the vacuum chamber. A means is also provided for introducing controlled amounts of reactive gas into the vacuum chamber, and its central volume. Further, a means is provided for applying an electric potential between said anodes and said cathode and said reflectors. This applied potential plus the electrode/reflector designs/spacings are such that ions are focused in a zone along the axis of the hollow cathode, creating a line-like neutron/proton source. Electrons are focused within the hollow anodes, creating the primary ion source there, while leaking electrons are reflected and refocused within the anodes by the concave reflector dishes. In an alternative embodiment, a means for generating a magnetic field in the axial direction is attached to the circumference of the vacuum chamber. The magnetic field enhances electrostatic confinement and focusing effects such as to reduce ion/electron diffusion losses and increase the fusion rate density in the reaction zone in the hollow cathode.
摘要翻译：公开了一种静电加速 - 再循环 - 离子聚合中子/质子源。该装置用作可以模拟线型源的紧凑型加速器 - 等离子体 - 目标聚变中子/质子源。该单元包括具有内壁和外壁的轴向细长的中空真空室。反射器位于真空室的相对端，使得它们的中心位于真空室的轴线上。对振荡颗粒100％透明的阴极位于反射器之间的真空室内，限定中心体积并具有与真空室相同的轴线。对振荡颗粒100％透明的阳极位于反射器皿和阴极之间的真空室的相对端附近，具有与真空室的轴线重合的轴线。还提供了一种用于将受控量的反应气体引入真空室及其中心体积的装置。此外，提供了一种用于在所述阳极和所述阴极与所述反射器之间施加电位的装置。这种施加的电位加电极/反射器设计/间距使得离子聚焦在沿着空心阴极的轴线的区域中，产生线状中子/质子源。电子聚焦在空心阳极中，在那里产生主离子源，同时泄漏的电子被凹面反射器盘反射并重新聚焦在阳极内。在替代实施例中，用于在轴向方向上产生磁场的装置附接到真空室的圆周。磁场增强了静电限制和聚焦效果，例如减少离子/电子扩散损失并增加中空阴极反应区中的融合速率密度。

9. 发明申请

US20030152186A1 Gas-target neutron generation and applications 失效
标题翻译：气靶中子生成和应用
公开(公告)号：US20030152186A1
公开(公告)日：2003-08-14
申请号：US10058561
申请日：2002-01-28
发明人： Brian E. Jurczyk , John M. DeMora JR. , Robert A. Stubbers
IPC分类号： G21B001/00 , G21J001/00
CPC分类号： G21B1/19 , G21K5/04 , H05H3/06 , Y02E30/16
摘要： Described herein are integrated systems for generating neutrons to perform a variety of tasks including: on-line analysis of bulk material and industrial process control (as shown in FIG. 1), security interrogation (as shown in FIG. 2), soil and environmental analysis, and medical diagnostic treatment. These systems are based on novel gas-target neutron generation which embodies the beneficial characteristics of replenishable fusible gas targets for very long lifetime, stability and continuous operation, combined with the advantageous features common to conventional accelerator neutron tubes including: on/off operation, hermetically sealed operation, and safe storage and transport. Innovative electron management techniques provide gas-target neutron production efficiencies that are comparable or surpass existing sources. The high-pressure high-resistance gaseous discharge is presented as a favorable gas-target neutron generator embodiment, combining ion source regions, accelerator regions, gas-target regions and electron management components within a single simple cost-effective device that is adaptable to various geometric configurations that provide specific neutron emission profiles for greater analysis capacity.
摘要翻译：本文描述了用于产生中子以执行各种任务的集成系统，包括：散装材料和工业过程控制的在线分析（如图1所示），安全询问（如图2所示），土壤和环境分析和医疗诊断治疗。这些系统基于新的气体靶中子生成，其体现了可续长的可熔气体目标的寿命长，稳定性和连续操作的有益特征，结合常规加速器中子管共同的有利特征，包括：开/关操作，气密密封操作，安全储存和运输。创新的电子管理技术提供了可比或超过现有来源的气靶中子生产效率。高压高电阻气体放电作为有利的气体靶中子发生器实施例，在单个简单的成本有效的装置内组合离子源区域，加速器区域，气体目标区域和电子管理部件，适用于各种几何配置，提供特定的中子发射轮廓，以获得更大的分析能力。

10. 发明申请

US20020131543A1 Cylindrical neutron generator 有权
标题翻译：圆柱形中子发生器
公开(公告)号：US20020131543A1
公开(公告)日：2002-09-19
申请号：US10100962
申请日：2002-03-18
发明人： Ka-Ngo Leung
IPC分类号： G21B001/00 , G21J001/00
CPC分类号： G21B3/00 , Y02E30/18
摘要： A cylindrical neutron generator is formed with a coaxial RF-driven plasma ion source and target. A deuterium (or deuterium and tritium) plasma is produced by RF excitation in a cylindrical plasma ion generator using an RF antenna. A cylindrical neutron generating target is coaxial with the ion generator, separated by plasma and extraction electrodes which contain many slots. The plasma generator emanates ions radially over 360null and the cylindrical target is thus irradiated by ions over its entire circumference. The plasma generator and target may be as long as desired. The plasma generator may be in the center and the neutron target on the outside, or the plasma generator may be on the outside and the target on the inside. In a nested configuration, several concentric targets and plasma generating regions are nested to increase the neutron flux.
摘要翻译：圆柱形中子发生器形成有同轴RF驱动的等离子体离子源和靶。在使用RF天线的圆柱形等离子体离子发生器中通过RF激发产生氘（或氘和氚）等离子体。圆柱形中子产生靶与离子发生器同轴，由等离子体和包含许多槽的引出电极分开。等离子体发生器径向离子发射离子360°，圆柱形靶因此在其整个圆周上被离子照射。等离子体发生器和靶可以是期望的长度。等离子体发生器可以在中心，并且外部的中子靶，或者等离子体发生器可以在外部，并且靶在内部。在嵌套配置中，嵌套多个同心目标和等离子体产生区域以增加中子通量。

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