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1. 发明授权

US3981686A Clarifier process for producing sodium carbonate 失效
标题翻译：澄清剂生产碳酸钠的方法
公开(公告)号：US3981686A
公开(公告)日：1976-09-21
申请号：US517472
申请日：1974-10-24
申请人： Walter Lobunez , Nam Kyun Kim , Eric Rau
发明人： Walter Lobunez , Nam Kyun Kim , Eric Rau
IPC分类号： B01D21/01 , C01D7/24 , C01D7/26 , C01B7/00 , B01D9/02 , C01B7/14 , C01B7/24
CPC分类号： B01D21/01 , C01D7/24 , C01D7/26
摘要： Method for clarifying a carbonate process solution containing suspended insolubles which solution is used in the preparation of crystals selected from the group consisting of sodium bicarbonate, sodium sesquicarbonate, anhydrous sodium carbonate, and sodium carbonate monohydrate, which comprises dispersing in the carbonate process solution prior to crystallization a cationic flocculating agent comprising a substituted guar gum containing one quaternary ammonium group per 2 to 12 monosaccharide units to agglomerate the suspended insolubles so the suspended insolubles will readily settle out of the carbonate process solution.This invention relates to a process for clarifying a carbonate process solution used in the preparation of sodium bicarbonate, sodium sesquicarbonate, anhydrous sodium carbonate or sodium carbonate monohydrate crystals.In Sweetwater and adjacent counties in the vicinity of Green River, Wyoming, in the Green River formation extending into Colorado and Utah, as well as in other locations, crude ore deposits in the form of trona (Na.sub.2 CO.sub.3.sup.. NaHCO.sub.3.sup.. 2H.sub.2 0), nahcolite (NaHCO.sub.3), thermonatrite (Na.sub.2 CO.sub.3.sup.. H.sub.2 0), and dawsonite (NaAlCO.sub.3 (OH).sub.2) are found at various depths ranging from about 800 to about 1800 feet underground. These ore deposits are generally either found in beds separated by layers of shale or are found dispersed in lenses along with dawsonite and shale. Most of these crude ores, besides containing recoverable sodium carbonate values, also contain some sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, different percentages of insoluble and organic matter such as kerogenaceous material containing monocarboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acids, unsaturated acids, steroids and rosin acids. A typical analysis of crude trona from which the larger pieces of shale have been removed is:______________________________________ Constituent Percent ______________________________________ Na.sub.2 CO.sub.3 43.51 NaHCO.sub.3 36.11 H.sub.2 O 13.14 Na.sub.2 SO.sub.4 0.02 NaCl 0.08 Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 0.14 Organic Matter 0.30 Insolubles 6.70 ______________________________________ Various processes have been proposed to prepare crystals of sodium bicarbonate, sodium sesquicarbonate, anhydrous sodium carbonate or sodium carbonate monohydrate from crude ores. One process for producing sodium carbonate from crude trona, known as the monohydrate process, is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 2,962,348 issued to Seglin et al on Nov. 29, 1960. In this process, crude trona, after being crushed and screened, is calcined directly to form crude sodium carbonate. The crude sodium carbonate is dissolved in an aqueous solvent to form a substantially saturated solution of crude sodium carbonate containing suspended insolubles consisting essentially of large coarse particles and insoluble solids comprising colloidal particles and insoluble particles which remain in suspension for long periods of time. The crude sodium carbonate solution is then clarified and/or filtered to remove most of the suspended insolubles. The clarified and/or filtered solution is then crystallized, preferably in multiple evaporative crystallizers to form sodium carbonate monohydrate crystals. The monohydrate crystals are then calcined to produce a dense, organic-free soda ash.Another process is the sesquicarbonate process, disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,770,524 and 2,780,520. In this process, crude trona after being crushed and screened is dissolved in a hot recirculating mother liquor carrying more sodium carbonate than sodium bicarbonate so that the sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate in the mined trona is dissolved congruently. The suspended insolubles consisting of large coarse particles and attached thereto insoluble solids present in the solution are first settled out of the solution in clarifiers. The remainder of the insoluble solids are then removed by filtration. Sodium sesquicarbonate is then crystallized and separated from the hot solution and calcined to sodium carbonate. The mother liquor remaining after crystallization is reheated and returned to the dissolving tanks to dissolve more trona.When producing sodium carbonate in a commercial plant designed to produce 1,400 tons of sodium carbonate per day, a flow rate of approximately 1,200 gallons per minute of a carbonate process solution is required to pass through the dissolvers, clarifiers and crystallizers. With this high flow rate, it has been difficult to produce properly clarified solutions in the clarifiers. As a result, the clarifier overflow contains high amounts of insoluble solids necessitating the use of excessive amounts of filter aids or multiple filter stations to produce clear carbonate process solutions. Excessive filter loading has reduced the length of filter cycles between cleaning operations, and requires frequent filter washings with the concomitant discard of carbonate process solutions contained in the filter. These insoluble solids comprising colloidal particles and insoluble particles which remain in suspension for long periods of time, if not removed prior to crystallization, interfere with crystal growth during crystallization. Crystal growth is modified to such an extent that when the crystals are calcined to sodium carbonate they produce a fine particle size material having limited utility which material is consequently not readily saleable.Various attempts have been made to remove the insoluble solids from carbonate process solutions. British Patent 1,211,984 and U.S. Pat. No. 3,725,014 broadly disclose adding flocculants to carbonate process solutions containing undissolved grit and mud to assist in the coagulation and settling of insoluble solids. U.S. Pat. No. 3,486,844 discloses the use of a water-soluble carbohydrate gum as a flocculating agent to obtain the desired settling rate of the insolubles. U.S. Pat. No. 3,084,026 discloses the use of hydrophylic colloids as flocculating agents to flocculate, settle and remove colloidal fines from carbonate process solutions.An improved method has been unexpectedly discovered for clarifying a carbonate process solution used in the preparation of crystals selected from the group consisting of sodium bicarbonate, sodium sesquicarbonate, anhydrous sodium carbonate, and sodium carbonate monohydrate, which comprises forming a carbonate process solution containing suspended insolubles and a material selected from the group consisting of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate; dispersing in the carbonate process solution about 1 to about 20 ppm of a cationic flocculating agent comprising a substituted guar gum containing 1 quaternary ammonium group per 2 to 12 monosaccharide units; agglomerating the suspended insolubles by forming agglomerated particles of increased size and density; settling and removing the agglomerating particles from the carbonate process solution; and crystallizing the clarified carbonate process solution to produce crystals selected from the group consisting of sodium bicarbonate, sodium sesquicarbonate, anhydrous sodium carbonate and sodium carbonate monohydrate.The phrase "carbonate process solution," as used herein refers to aqueous solutions containing at least sodium carbonate and/or sodium bicarbonate, from which solution crystals of sodium bicarbonate, sodium sesquicarbonate, anhydrous sodium carbonate, and sodium carbonate monohydrate can be obtained as the stable crystal phase and can be recovered from the mother liquor. The carbonate process solution is preferably derived from trona, even though it may also be derived from other natural minerals such as nahcolite, thermonatrite, and dawsonite. The carbonate process solution is prepared by conventional procedures well known in the prior art, including the typical trona processing process discussed herein.
摘要翻译：用于澄清含有悬浮不溶物的碳酸盐工艺溶液的方法，该溶液用于制备选自碳酸氢钠，倍半碳酸钠，无水碳酸钠和碳酸钠一水合物的晶体，其包括在碳酸盐工艺溶液中分散结晶阳离子絮凝剂，其包含每2至12个单糖单元含有一个季铵基团的取代瓜耳胶，以使悬浮的不溶物凝聚，使得悬浮的不溶物将容易地沉淀在碳酸盐处理溶液中。

2. 发明授权

US4021527A Production of sodium carbonate 失效
标题翻译：生产碳酸钠
公开(公告)号：US4021527A
公开(公告)日：1977-05-03
申请号：US596484
申请日：1975-07-16
申请人： Marinus J. Baadsgaard
发明人： Marinus J. Baadsgaard
IPC分类号： C01D7/12 , B01D15/00
CPC分类号： C01D7/126
摘要： Method of preparing refined, dense soda ash from crude trona by calcining the crude trona to crude sodium carbonate, mixing the crude sodium carbonate with an aqueous solution of soda ash or water to form a substantially saturated crude sodium carbonate solution containing coarse and fine insolubles, clarifying the crude sodium carbonate solution, passing the clarified sodium carbonate solution upwardly through an expanded carbon bed to remove organic impurities, evaporating the carbon-treated sodium carbonate solution to crystallize sodium carbonate monohydrate crystals, separating the sodium carbonate monohydrate crystals and calcining them to dense soda ash.
摘要翻译：通过将粗天然碱煅烧成粗碳酸钠，将粗碳酸钠与苏打灰或水的水溶液混合以形成基本上饱和的粗碳酸钠粗溶液和粗不溶物的粗碳酸钠溶液，由粗天然碱制备精制的致密苏打灰的方法，澄清粗碳酸钠溶液，使澄清的碳酸钠溶液向上通过膨胀碳床以除去有机杂质，蒸发碳处理的碳酸钠溶液以结晶碳酸钠一水合物晶体，分离碳酸钠一水合物晶体并将其煅烧成致密苏打粉。

3. 发明授权

US4019872A Producing sodium carbonate monohydrate from carbonate solution including addition of aluminum ions 失效
标题翻译：从含有铝离子的碳酸盐溶液中生产碳酸钠一水合物
公开(公告)号：US4019872A
公开(公告)日：1977-04-26
申请号：US573172
申请日：1975-04-30
申请人： John Walden
发明人： John Walden
IPC分类号： C01D7/35 , C01D7/00 , B01D9/02 , C01D7/12 , C01D7/24
CPC分类号： C01D7/35
摘要： Process for producing high bulk density sodium carbonate monohydrate crystals from sodium carbonate solutions wherein the sodium carbonate monohydrate is crystallized in the presence of at least 30 parts per million soluble aluminum ions.
摘要翻译：从碳酸钠溶液中生产高体积密度碳酸钠一水合物晶体的方法，其中碳酸钠一水合物在每百万个可溶性铝离子的至少30份的存在下结晶。

4. 发明授权

US4401635A Recovery of alkali values from salt-containing trona deposits 失效
标题翻译：从含盐的天然碱矿床中回收碱值
公开(公告)号：US4401635A
公开(公告)日：1983-08-30
申请号：US226288
申请日：1981-01-19
申请人： William R. Frint
发明人： William R. Frint
IPC分类号： C01D7/00 , C22B26/10 , E21B43/28 , E21B43/40 , E21C41/08
CPC分类号： C01D7/00 , C22B26/10 , E21B43/28 , E21B43/40 , E21C41/20
摘要： A method for recovering alkali values from subterranean deposits of trona ore associated with sodium chloride by contacting the trona with an aqueous mining solution containing sodium hydroxide and subsequently utilizing the alkali values contained in the resultant salt- and sodium carbonate-containing solution. The alkali values are preferably crystallized as substantially salt-free sodium carbonate monohydrate, which is dried to recover soda ash. The mother liquor containing all of the salt is then treated to prepare a dilute sodium hydroxide solution, which may be employed as aqueous mining solution in a cyclic method to recover additional alkali values from trona.
摘要翻译：通过使天然碱与含有氢氧化钠的含水开采溶液接触并随后利用所得到的含有和含碳酸钠的溶液中所含的碱值，从与氯化钠相关的天然碱矿石的地下沉积物中回收碱值的方法。碱值优选作为基本上无盐的碳酸钠一水合物结晶，其被干燥以回收苏打灰。然后处理含有所有盐的母液以制备稀氢氧化钠溶液，其可以循环方法用作含水开采溶液，以从天然碱中回收额外的碱值。

5. 发明授权

US4375454A Electrostatic enrichment of trona and nahcolite ores 失效
标题翻译：天然碱和纳坦克矿石的静电富集
公开(公告)号：US4375454A
公开(公告)日：1983-03-01
申请号：US215886
申请日：1980-12-12
申请人： Eugene G. Imperto , Orval H. Hilliard
发明人： Eugene G. Imperto , Orval H. Hilliard
IPC分类号： B03C7/00 , B07B9/00 , C01D7/00 , C22B26/10 , B03C1/00
CPC分类号： C22B26/10 , B03C7/00 , B07B9/00 , C01D7/00 , Y02P10/212
摘要： Calcined trona and/or nahcolite bearing ore particles are separated into a plurality of fractions of relatively uniform particle size. Those calcined particles smaller than about 6.7 mm in size and larger than about 0.2 mm in size are passed through an electrostatic separator to obtain an ore concentrate containing a greater percentage of soda ash and a lesser percentage of insoluble impurities than were present in the ore; a middling fraction and an ore tailing fraction containing a lesser percentage of soda ash and a greater percentage of insoluble impurities than were present in the ore. The middling fraction may be recycled to increase the yield of ore concentrate. Calcined particles smaller than about 0.2 mm may be combined with the ore concentrate. The combined ore concentrate fraction may be marked as technical grade soda ash or used as a high grade feed to a monohydrate refining process.
摘要翻译：将煅烧的含有天竺葵和/或纳氏沸石的矿石颗粒分离成多个相对均匀粒度的级分。尺寸小于约6.7mm，尺寸大于约0.2mm的煅烧颗粒通过静电分离器以获得含有较高比例的苏打灰和比不存在的不溶杂质的矿石浓缩物; 含有较少百分比的苏打灰的中等馏分和矿石尾矿馏分以及比矿石中存在的更多的不溶性杂质百分比。中间馏分可以再循环以提高矿石精矿的产率。小于约0.2mm的煅烧颗粒可与矿石精矿组合。组合的矿石精矿馏分可以被标记为工业级苏打灰，或者用作高级进料到一水合物精制方法。

6. 发明授权

US3933977A Process for producing sodium carbonate 失效
标题翻译：生产碳酸钠的方法
公开(公告)号：US3933977A
公开(公告)日：1976-01-20
申请号：US432467
申请日：1974-01-11
申请人： Joseph M. Ilardi , John Walden , Eric Rau
发明人： Joseph M. Ilardi , John Walden , Eric Rau
IPC分类号： C01D7/12 , C01D7/37 , C01D7/24 , C01D7/40
CPC分类号： C01D7/37 , C01D7/126
摘要： This invention involves a process for producing high bulk density sodium carbonate from crude trona wherein sodium carbonate monohydrate purge streams containing high amounts of organic impurities are passed to an anhydrous crystallizer operated at temperatures above about 109.degree.C wherein anhydrous sodium carbonate crystals are formed having high bulk densities of about 60 to about 80 lbs/ft.sup.3.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种从粗天然碱生产高体积密度碳酸钠的方法，其中将含有大量有机杂质的碳酸钠一水合物清洗流通入在高于约109℃的温度下操作的无水结晶器，其中形成的高级无水碳酸钠晶体具有高堆积密度约为60至80磅/平方英尺。

7. 发明授权

US4219133A Storage level monitor 失效
标题翻译：存储液位监视器
公开(公告)号：US4219133A
公开(公告)日：1980-08-26
申请号：US939523
申请日：1978-09-05
申请人： John J. Sinsky
发明人： John J. Sinsky
IPC分类号： G01F23/00 , G01F23/04
CPC分类号： G01F23/0023
摘要： The storage level of ore, supplied by an overhead loader to a bin or pile in the form of large, dense, hard fragments, up to a foot or more in diameter, is measured and controlled by repetitively lowering a line carrying a weight, having a mass at least as great as the largest ore fragments, from above the stored mass to the surface of the stored mass and measuring the distance traveled by the weight. Feed of ore is automatically stopped when maximum allowable level of stored mass is detected. Measurement of ore level is accomplished by counting, during the lowering of the weight, the pulses generated by a pulse generator operated by the turning of a winch upon which the line is reeled. The contact of the lowered weight with the stored ore mass is detected by the slowing of the rate of pulse generation as the weight ceases falling under the influence of gravity and the winch therefore ceases turning. Burial of the lowered weight so as to prevent its retrieval is detected when the time is exceeded for the full cycle of lowering and retraction of the weight. Such burial automatically disables the ore feed and the measuring device.
摘要翻译：通过重复降低承载重量的管线来测量和控制矿石的储存水平，其由塔顶装载机提供给直径大于或小于或等于一个或多个的大的，致密的，硬碎片形式的仓或堆的形式，质量至少与最大的矿石碎片一样大，从存储质量的上方到存储的物体的表面，并测量重量所行进的距离。当检测到最大容许储存水平时，矿石进料自动停止。矿石水平的测量是通过在重量下降期间计数由通过卷绕线路的绞盘的转动而操作的脉冲发生器产生的脉冲来进行的。降低的重量与储存的矿石质量的接触是通过随着重力在重力的影响下停止下降而产生脉冲速率的减慢来检测的，因此绞盘停止转动。当重量的降低和缩回的全部循环超过时间时，检测到降低重量的埋入物以防止其回缩。这种埋藏自动禁止矿石进料和测量装置。

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