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1. 发明授权

US5072647A High-pressure having plasma flow transverse to plasma discharge particularly for projectile acceleration 失效
标题翻译：具有横向于等离子体放电的等离子体流的高压，特别是用于射弹加速
公开(公告)号：US5072647A
公开(公告)日：1991-12-17
申请号：US308581
申请日：1989-02-10
申请人： Yeshayahu S. A. Goldstein , Derek A. Tidman , Dennis W. Massey , Joseph R. Greig
发明人： Yeshayahu S. A. Goldstein , Derek A. Tidman , Dennis W. Massey , Joseph R. Greig
IPC分类号： F41B6/00
CPC分类号： F42C19/0811 , F41B6/00
摘要： A projectile is accelerated through a gun barrel in response to high pressure gas applied to the rear of the projectile in response to a high pressure plasma discharge. Plasma from the discharge flows transversely of the discharge into a chamber through multiple openings in a passage wall that confines the discharge. The high pressure, high temperature plasma flowing into the chamber causes an exothermic reaction of water and metal particles in a slurry in the chamber to produce high pressure hydrogen gas that flows longitudinally of the discharge against the rear of the projectile. To maintain the pressure of hydrogen gas acting against the projectile relatively constant as the projectile is accelerated down the barrel, electric power applied to the discharge increases substantially linearly as a function of time.
摘要翻译：响应于高压等离子体放电，应用于喷射器后部的高压气体，炮弹通过枪管加速。来自排出口的等离子体通过限制放电的通道壁中的多个开口横向排出到室内。流入室内的高压，高温等离子体引起水和金属颗粒在室内的浆料中的放热反应，产生高压氢气，该氢气沿放电纵向流过射弹的后部。为了保持喷射器在炮弹的加速下相对恒定的氢气的压力，施加到放电的电力作为时间的函数基本上线性地增加。

2. 发明授权

US4974487A Plasma propulsion apparatus and method 失效
标题翻译：等离子推进装置及方法
公开(公告)号：US4974487A
公开(公告)日：1990-12-04
申请号：US252551
申请日：1988-10-03
申请人： Yeshayahu S. A. Goldstein , Derek A. Tidman , Rodney L. Burton , Dennis W. Massey , Niels K. Winsor
发明人： Yeshayahu S. A. Goldstein , Derek A. Tidman , Rodney L. Burton , Dennis W. Massey , Niels K. Winsor
IPC分类号： F41B6/00
CPC分类号： F41B6/00
摘要： A projectile is accelerated in a barrel bore by applying a plasma jet to a projectile propelling fluid. The plasma jet is derived from a structure forming a capillary passage having a wall formed by a low molecular weight, dielectric powdery filler or water in many rigid containers, shaped as spheres or straw-like tubes having axes parallel to the passage longitudinal axis. The fluid and jet interact so the fluid is heated by the jet, whereby low atomic weight constituents of the fluid are sufficiently heated to become mixed with the plasma to form a high pressure mixture that is injected into the bore to accelerate the projectile. The fluid is dragged into the plasma during mixing to cool the plasma and form a boundary layer between the plasma and the barrel walls so that the mixture does not cause substantial damage to the walls of the bore. The plasma is energized by applying voltage from an electric pulse source to electrodes at opposite ends of the passage. The pulse has a wave shape and duration for initially igniting the plasma source and for thereafter applying energy to the ignited plasma to control the pressure of the mixture. Initially, the fluid cools the plasma without the mixture developing sufficient pressure to accelerate the projectile appreciably. The wave shape and duration are such that the pressure applied to the projectile remains substantially constant while the projectile is being accelerated through the barrel, as occurs during about one-half of the projectile travel time in the barrel.
摘要翻译：通过将等离子体射流施加到抛射体推进流体，炮弹在炮筒内加速。等离子体射流源于形成毛细管通道的结构，该通道具有由许多刚性容器中的低分子量介电粉末填料或水形成的壁，其形状为具有平行于通道纵向轴线的轴的球形或稻草状管。流体和射流相互作用使得流体被射流加热，由此流体的低原子量组分被充分加热以与等离子体混合以形成注入到孔中的高压混合物以加速射弹。在混合期间将流体拖入等离子体以冷却等离子体并在等离子体和筒壁之间形成边界层，使得混合物不会对孔的壁造成实质损坏。通过将来自电脉冲源的电压施加到通道的相对端处的电极来激发等离子体。脉冲具有用于初始点燃等离子体源的波形和持续时间，并且此后将能量施加到点火等离子体以控制混合物的压力。最初，流体冷却等离子体，而不会产生足够的压力使混合物明显加速。波浪形状和持续时间使得当射弹在枪管中的大约一半的射弹行进时间期间发生时，施加到射弹的压力保持基本上恒定，同时射弹被加速通过枪管。

3. 发明授权

US4715261A Cartridge containing plasma source for accelerating a projectile 失效
标题翻译：含有等离子体源的墨盒用于加速射弹
公开(公告)号：US4715261A
公开(公告)日：1987-12-29
申请号：US657888
申请日：1984-10-05
申请人： Yeshayahu S. A. Goldstein , Derek A. Tidman , Rodney L. Burton , Dennis W. Massey , Niels K. Winsor
发明人： Yeshayahu S. A. Goldstein , Derek A. Tidman , Rodney L. Burton , Dennis W. Massey , Niels K. Winsor
IPC分类号： F41B6/00 , F41F1/00
CPC分类号： F41B6/00
摘要： A projectile is accelerated through a gun barrel bore by a cartridge containing a high temperature, high pressure plasma jet source. The cartridge has a geometry enabling it to be loaded into a breech bore of the gun. The plasma jet is supplied to the rear of the projectile and is derived by a tube having an interior wall forming a capillary passage. A discharge voltage applied between spaced regions along the capillary passage ionizes a dielectric to form a plasma. First and second ends of the passage are respectively open and blocked to enable and prevent the flow of plasma through them. The blocked end closes the breech bore.
摘要翻译：射弹通过枪管加速，内置高温高压等离子体喷射源。墨盒具有几何形状，使其能够被装载到枪的后膛孔中。等离子体射流被提供到射弹的后部，并由具有形成毛细管通道的内壁的管导出。沿着毛细通道施加在间隔区域之间的放电电压使电介质离子化以形成等离子体。通道的第一和第二端分别是开放和封闭的，以使等离子体流过它们。封闭端封闭后膛孔。

4. 发明授权

US10137502B1 Near net shape combustion driven compaction process and refractory composite material for high temperature applications 有权
$Near net shape combustion driven compaction process and refractory composite material for high temperature applications$
公开(公告)号：US10137502B1
公开(公告)日：2018-11-27
申请号：US11975910
申请日：2007-10-22
申请人： Karthik Nagarathnam , Donald Trostle , David L. Kruczynski , Dennis W. Massey
发明人： Karthik Nagarathnam , Donald Trostle , David L. Kruczynski , Dennis W. Massey
IPC分类号： B22F3/23 , B22F1/02
摘要： Near net shape refractory material is made in combustion driven compaction. The gas mixture is combusted, driving a piston or ram into a die containing refractory material powder, compressing the powder into a near net shape. As the chamber is filled with gas, the piston or ram is allowed to rest on the powder, pre-compressing the powder and removing trapped air. During compression, forces reach 150 tsi or more. Loading occurs within several hundred milliseconds. After compression, the shaped refractory part is sintered in a hydrogen environment. This process creates near net shape components with little scrap metal. The apparatus used to perform this process is about the size of a telephone booth and can be moved with a standard forklift. The powder may include a combination of Mo—Re, Re, W—Re, HfC and Hf of a fineness dictated by desired shrinkage, resulting in a material suitable for high-stress, high-temperature applications.

5. 发明授权

US07926403B1 Transient, high rate, closed system cryogenic injection 有权
标题翻译：瞬态，高速率，封闭系统低温注射
公开(公告)号：US07926403B1
公开(公告)日：2011-04-19
申请号：US11824308
申请日：2007-06-29
申请人： Eric P. Vigil , David L. Kruczynski , Barry L. Landers , Dennis W. Massey
发明人： Eric P. Vigil , David L. Kruczynski , Barry L. Landers , Dennis W. Massey
IPC分类号： F41A1/04
CPC分类号： F41A1/04 , F41A13/04
摘要： The new injection system provides rapid, high pressure, high density, and transient batch injection of cryogenic liquids. The system stores and maintains the temperature of liquids in vacuum jacketed tanks, increases pressures using pumps, and stores the high pressure fluid in accumulators. The accumulator periodically injects the fluids at high pressure in measured mass batches into a combustion chamber. The system injects enough liquid or gas in 0.5 to 3.0 seconds to provide 500 to 6500 psi in a closed chamber.
摘要翻译：新的注射系统提供快速，高压，高密度和瞬态批量注射低温液体。该系统存储和维持真空夹套罐中液体的温度，使用泵增加压力，并将高压流体储存在蓄能器中。蓄能器周期性地将测量的批料中的高压流体注入燃烧室。该系统在0.5至3.0秒内注入足够的液体或气体，以在封闭的腔室中提供500至6500psi。

6. 发明授权

US07528332B1 High speed actuating device and circuit breaker 失效
标题翻译：高速执行装置和断路器
公开(公告)号：US07528332B1
公开(公告)日：2009-05-05
申请号：US11280505
申请日：2005-11-16
申请人： Lester C. Via , Dennis W. Massey
发明人： Lester C. Via , Dennis W. Massey
IPC分类号： F04B39/00 , F04B53/00
CPC分类号： F01L25/04 , F15B15/22 , F15B2015/208 , H01H3/605 , H01H33/30 , H01H39/00 , H01H39/004
摘要： A device for rapidly moving mechanically actuated devices, such as switches and valves with the capability of sub-millisecond response times being achievable with moving masses exceeding one kilogram. Response times approaching that of explosively actuated devices are obtained while retaining the repetitive cycling capability of non-explosively operated devices. Electrical energy stored in a capacitor pulses through electrodes and closed and open ends of a capillary tube to rapidly heat a gas and raise its pressure to a thousand atmospheres or more. The high pressure gas acts on a piston, accelerating it for a short distance before the pressure is vented around the piston to quickly reduce the drive force. The moving piston is brought to a stop by a hydraulic damping device. A reset device resets the piston, the capillary is refilled with working gas, and the capacitor is charged fro the next operation.
摘要翻译：用于快速移动机械致动装置的装置，例如具有超过1千克的移动质量可实现亚毫秒响应时间的开关和阀门。获得接近爆炸致动装置的响应时间，同时保持非爆炸性操作装置的重复循环能力。存储在电容器中的电能脉冲通过电极和毛细管的封闭和开放端，以快速加热气体并将其压力提高到千个大气压以上。高压气体作用在活塞上，将其加速一段距离，然后在活塞周围排出压力，以快速降低驱动力。移动活塞由液压阻尼装置停止。复位装置复位活塞，毛细管再次充满工作气体，电容器在下次运行时被充电。

7. 发明授权

US06767505B2 Dynamic consolidation of powders using a pulsed energy source 有权
公开(公告)号：US06767505B2
公开(公告)日：2004-07-27
申请号：US09902784
申请日：2001-07-12
申请人： F. Douglas Witherspoon , Dennis W. Massey , T. Arul Mozhi , David L. Kruczynski , John M. Ryan
发明人： F. Douglas Witherspoon , Dennis W. Massey , T. Arul Mozhi , David L. Kruczynski , John M. Ryan
IPC分类号： B22F314
CPC分类号： B22F3/087 , B22F2998/00 , B22F2998/10 , B29C43/003 , B29C43/361 , B29C2043/3266 , B29C2043/3618 , B29C2043/3628 , B29C2043/3636 , B29C2791/008 , B30B1/002 , B30B11/001 , B30B11/02 , B30B15/0017 , B22F3/02
摘要： A gas operated part forming die apparatus has compact high tonnage presses which are operated by high pressure gas generated within chambers and controlled to operate high pressure pistons and dies for compressing particulate material into dense formed parts. Combustion chambers are filled with pressurized mixtures of combustible gases and diluents. Elongated chambers have insulating walls and spaced electrodes. Some contain liquid or particulate ablatable materials or ablatable liners. Others extend fuzes between the electrodes and are filled with pressurized gases. Gas is removed from the particulate material. Die cavities may be precompressed during filing of chambers with pressurized gas. Igniting the combustible gases or creating arcs between the electrodes produces rapidly expanding high pressure resultant gases for driving pistons and movable dies and rapidly compressing die cavities. Pressures in the chambers are contained, or pistons are restrained until releasing and driving the pistons. Large area pistons drive smaller movable dies.

8. 发明授权

US6124563A Pulsed electrothermal powder spray 失效
标题翻译：脉冲电热粉末喷雾
公开(公告)号：US6124563A
公开(公告)日：2000-09-26
申请号：US46610
申请日：1998-03-24
申请人： F. Douglas Witherspoon , Dennis W. Massey
发明人： F. Douglas Witherspoon , Dennis W. Massey
IPC分类号： C23C4/12 , B23K9/00
CPC分类号： C23C4/12 , C23C4/134 , Y02T50/67
摘要： A pulsed electrothermal powder spray apparatus and method increases coating particle velocities to the 2,000-4000 m/sec range. The apparatus includes a containment tube, which may be a reverse shock tube, having a capillary chamber section and a short barrel section. The tube is initially filled with an inert gas and powder is deposited in the barrel just downstream from the barrel's connection to the confined capillary discharge chamber. On receipt of a trigger signal, the muzzle shutter of the barrel section quickly opens, causing the inert gas to flow towards the open end of the barrel. A rarefaction wave propagates back up the barrel, towards the capillary chamber. Once the rarefaction wave reaches an electrode positioned at the front end of the capillary chamber, an arc discharge is triggered in the capillary, resulting in a quick rise in capillary temperature and pressure. Preferably, formation of the confined capillary arc discharge is triggered by a high voltage pulse generator which allows a lower, but still high, voltage pulse forming network to establish a main arc discharge between electrodes at each end of the capillary chamber. The increase in pressure and temperature resulting from the rapid electrothermal heating of the gas heats the powder deposited in the barrel and accelerates the powder down the barrel, through the muzzle opening and onto a target substrate. Control subsystems, gas delivery assemblies and cooling assemblies are included with the containment tube to form a highly efficient, easily controllable.
摘要翻译：脉冲电热粉末喷涂装置和方法将涂层颗粒速度提高到2000-4000m / sec范围。该装置包括容纳管，其可以是具有毛细管腔部分和短筒部分的反冲击管。管最初填充有惰性气体，并且粉末沉积在桶中，直接连接到限制的毛细管排放室。在接收到触发信号时，枪管部分的枪口闸门快速打开，导致惰性气体朝着枪管的开口端流动。稀薄波在筒体上向后传播到毛细管腔。一旦稀薄波到达位于毛细管腔前端的电极，毛细管中就会触发电弧放电，导致毛细管温度和压力快速上升。优选地，限制毛细管电弧放电的形成由高电压脉冲发生器触发，高电压脉冲发生器允许较低但仍然高的电压脉冲形成网络在毛细管腔的每个端部的电极之间建立主电弧放电。由气体的快速电热加热产生的压力和温度的增加加热了沉积在桶中的粉末，并通过枪口开口将粉末加速到筒体上并进入目标衬底。控制子系统，气体输送组件和冷却组件包含在容纳管中，以形成高效率，易于控制的。

9. 发明授权

US09224526B1 Magnet construction by combustion driven high compaction 有权
标题翻译：磁铁结构由燃烧驱动高压实
公开(公告)号：US09224526B1
公开(公告)日：2015-12-29
申请号：US13114716
申请日：2011-05-24
申请人： Karthik Nagarathnam , Dennis W. Massey
发明人： Karthik Nagarathnam , Dennis W. Massey
IPC分类号： H01F1/032 , H01F1/055
CPC分类号： H01F1/0555 , H01F1/032 , H01F1/0558
摘要： A neo magnet is constructed by mixing a neo magnet powder with about 1% added two-part electrical insulating resin powder. The mixed powders are placed in a die and precompacted under about 20 tsi when filling a combustion chamber with a pressurized combustible gas and air mixture. The gas is ignited and rapidly drives a punch in to the die forming a solid magnet having a density of 6.1 g/cm3 or more. The solid magnet is heat treated to cure the resin and is coated with a polymer, zinc, aluminum or gold. Before precompacting a lubricated core rod in place in the die producing a thin-walled, neo ring magnet having a length to wall thickness aspect ratio.
摘要翻译：新磁体通过将新磁体粉末与约1％的两部分电绝缘树脂粉末混合而构成。将混合粉末放置在模具中并在约20tsi下预加压，当用加压的可燃气体和空气混合物填充燃烧室时。气体被点燃并迅速地将模具冲入模具中，形成密度为6.1g / cm 3或更高的固体磁体。固体磁体经过热处理以固化树脂，并涂覆有聚合物，锌，铝或金。在预先将润滑的芯棒预压在模具中的适当位置，产生具有长度与壁厚之比的薄壁的新环磁体。

10. 发明授权

US07744812B2 Dynamic consolidation of powders using a pulsed energy source 有权
标题翻译：使用脉冲能量源动态固结粉末
公开(公告)号：US07744812B2
公开(公告)日：2010-06-29
申请号：US10896947
申请日：2004-07-23
申请人： F. Douglas Witherspoon , Dennis W. Massey , T. Arul Mozhi , David L. Kruczynski , John M. Ryan
发明人： F. Douglas Witherspoon , Dennis W. Massey , T. Arul Mozhi , David L. Kruczynski , John M. Ryan
IPC分类号： B22F3/02
CPC分类号： B22F3/087 , B22F2998/00 , B22F2998/10 , B29C43/003 , B29C43/361 , B29C2043/3266 , B29C2043/3618 , B29C2043/3628 , B29C2043/3636 , B29C2791/008 , B30B1/002 , B30B11/001 , B30B11/02 , B30B15/0017 , B22F3/02
摘要： A gas operated part forming die apparatus has compact high tonnage presses which are operated by high pressure gas generated within chambers and controlled to operate high pressure pistons and dies for compressing particulate material into dense formed parts. Combustion chambers are filled with pressurized mixtures of combustible gases and diluents. Elongated chambers have insulating walls and spaced electrodes. Some contain liquid or particulate ablatable materials or ablatable liners. Others extend fuzes between the electrodes and are filled with pressurized gases. Gas is removed from the particulate material. Die cavities may be precompressed during filing of chambers with pressurized gas. Igniting the combustible gases or creating arcs between the electrodes produces rapidly expanding high pressure resultant gases for driving pistons and movable dies and rapidly compressing die cavities. Pressures in the chambers are contained, or pistons are restrained until releasing and driving the pistons. Large area pistons drive smaller movable dies.
摘要翻译：气体操作部件成形模具具有紧凑的高吨位压力机，其由在室内产生的高压气体操作并被控制以操作高压活塞和用于将颗粒材料压缩成致密成形部件的模具。燃烧室充满可燃气体和稀释剂的加压混合物。细长的室具有绝缘壁和隔开的电极。一些含有液体或颗粒的可燃材料或可烧蚀的衬里。其他的在电极之间延伸，并充满加压气体。从颗粒材料中除去气体。在用加压气体填充室的情况下，可以对模腔进行预压缩。点燃可燃气体或在电极之间产生电弧产生快速膨胀的高压合成气体，用于驱动活塞和活动模具并快速压缩模腔。容纳室中的压力，或者活塞被限制，直到释放和驱动活塞。大面积活塞驱动较小的活动模具。

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