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1. 发明授权

US07672042B2 Fast dynamic gain control in an optical fiber amplifier 有权
标题翻译：光纤放大器中的快速动态增益控制
公开(公告)号：US07672042B2
公开(公告)日：2010-03-02
申请号：US11273868
申请日：2005-11-15
申请人： Xiang Zhou , Martin Birk
发明人： Xiang Zhou , Martin Birk
IPC分类号： H04B10/17 , H04B10/12
CPC分类号： H01S3/302 , H01S3/06754 , H01S3/094096 , H01S3/10015 , H01S2301/04 , H04B10/2916 , H04B10/296
摘要： The present invention provides methods and apparatuses for controlling a gain of an optical fiber amplifier. Gain circuitry operates in an opened loop configuration and uses a predetermined function relating a power variation of at least one wavelength region with a pump power adjustment for at least one optical pump. Two approximate linear relationships between the input signal power variations and the required pump power adjustments are utilized in controlling the Raman fiber amplifier. Each approximate linear relationship includes at least one linear coefficient that relates a power variation for a specific wavelength region and a power adjustment of a specific Raman pump. The dynamic gain control technique is applicable to an Erbium-doped fiber/waveguide amplifier. Also, a dynamic gain control technique controls a backward-pumped Raman amplifier, in which the power variation is determined at one geographical location and the optical pumps are controlled at another geographical location.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了用于控制光纤放大器的增益的方法和装置。增益电路以开环配置工作，并且使用将至少一个波长区域的功率变化与用于至少一个光泵的泵功率调整相关联的预定功能。输入信号功率变化与所需泵浦功率调整之间的两个近似线性关系用于控制拉曼光纤放大器。每个近似线性关系包括至少一个线性系数，其涉及特定波长区域的功率变化和特定拉曼泵的功率调整。动态增益控制技术适用于掺铒光纤/波导放大器。此外，动态增益控制技术控制反向泵浦拉曼放大器，其中在一个地理位置确定功率变化，并且将光泵控制在另一地理位置。

2. 发明授权

US07636192B2 Method, apparatus and system for cost effective optical transmission with fast Raman tilt transient control 有权
标题翻译：具有快速拉曼倾斜瞬态控制的成本效益光传输的方法，装置和系统
公开(公告)号：US07636192B2
公开(公告)日：2009-12-22
申请号：US11424306
申请日：2006-06-15
申请人： Xiang Zhou , Martin Birk
发明人： Xiang Zhou , Martin Birk
IPC分类号： H01S3/00
CPC分类号： H01S3/06758 , H01S3/094096 , H01S3/10015 , H01S3/1305 , H01S3/1608 , H01S3/2375 , H01S3/302 , H01S2301/04 , H04B10/2916 , H04B10/296
摘要： A method for cost-effective optical transmission with fast Raman tilt or other transient event control uses a combination of Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) and Raman fiber amplifiers (RFAs), where EDFAs are used as the primary optical amplifiers to compensate the span loss while the RFA (advantageously a forward-pumped RFA) is used only in some specific spans with a feed-forward control circuit serving as a fast Raman tilt transient compensator, the RFA also serving as an optical amplifier. A long haul optical transmission system using feed-forward controlled RFA's periodically spaced along its length, for example, when add-drop multiplexing is used, makes full use of the economics of EDFAs and the fast tilt transient control capability of a RFA enabled by an adjustable speed feed-forward or feed-back control technique. In addition, the introduced RFA also performs a dynamic gain equalization function which may eliminate the need or at least reduce the number of standalone dynamic gain equalizers which are required for an ultra-long-haul (ULH) WDM system to compensate for tilt. The invention is also applicable to the common EDFA/Raman hybrid systems and to some all-Raman systems where backward-pumped RFAs are used at each span to enhance Raman transient event control speed.
摘要翻译：具有快速拉曼倾斜或其他瞬态事件控制的具有成本效益的光传输方法使用铒掺杂光纤放大器（EDFA）和拉曼光纤放大器（RFAs）的组合，其中EDFA用作主要光放大器以补偿跨距损失，而RFA（有利地是前馈RFA）仅在具有用作快速拉曼倾斜瞬态补偿器的前馈控制电路的某些特定跨度中使用，RFA也用作光放大器。使用前馈控制RFA的长距离光传输系统，例如当使用插入多路复用时，其长度周期性地间隔开，从而充分利用了EDFA的经济性和由RFA实现的RFA的快速倾斜瞬态控制能力可调速度前馈或反馈控制技术。此外，引入的RFA还执行动态增益均衡功能，其可以消除对超长距离（ULH）WDM系统所需的补偿倾斜的需要或至少减少独立的动态增益均衡器的数量。本发明还可应用于普通的EDFA /拉曼混合系统和一些全拉曼系统，其中在每个跨度处使用反向泵浦RFA以增强拉曼瞬态事件控制速度。

3. 发明授权

US07554718B2 Fast dynamic gain control in an optical fiber amplifier 有权
公开(公告)号：US07554718B2
公开(公告)日：2009-06-30
申请号：US11550258
申请日：2006-10-17
申请人： Xiang Zhou , Martin Birk
发明人： Xiang Zhou , Martin Birk
IPC分类号： H04B10/17 , H04B10/12
CPC分类号： H01S3/10007 , H01S3/06754 , H01S3/10015 , H01S3/302 , H04B10/2916 , H04B10/2942 , H04B10/296
摘要： The present invention provides methods and apparatuses for controlling a gain of an optical fiber amplifier. Gain circuitry operates in an opened loop configuration and uses a predetermined function relating a power variation of at least one wavelength region with a pump power adjustment for at least one optical pump. Two approximate linear relationships between the input signal power variations and the required pump power adjustments are utilized in controlling the Raman fiber amplifier. Each approximate linear relationship includes at least one linear coefficient that relates a power variation for a specific wavelength region and a power adjustment of a specific Raman pump. The dynamic gain control technique is applicable to an Erbium-doped fiber/waveguide amplifier. Also, a dynamic gain control technique controls a backward-pumped Raman amplifier, in which the power variation is determined at one geographical location and the optical pumps are controlled at another geographical location.

4. 发明申请

US20080247034A1 Fast Dynamic Gain Control in a Bidirectionally-Pumped Raman Fiber Amplifier 有权
标题翻译：双向泵浦拉曼光纤放大器中的快速动态增益控制
公开(公告)号：US20080247034A1
公开(公告)日：2008-10-09
申请号：US12137250
申请日：2008-06-11
申请人： Xiang Zhou , Martin Birk
发明人： Xiang Zhou , Martin Birk
IPC分类号： H01S3/30
CPC分类号： H01S3/302 , H01S3/06754 , H01S3/094011 , H01S3/094046 , H01S3/094096 , H01S3/10015 , H01S3/1301 , H01S2301/04 , H04B10/2916 , H04B10/2942 , H04B10/296
摘要： The present invention provides methods and apparatuses for controlling a gain of a bidirectionally-pumped Raman fiber amplifier having both forward optical pumps and backward optical pumps. The overall gain is controlled by adjusting the forward optical pumps, while the power levels of the backward optical pumps are essentially fixed. Gain circuitry operates in an opened loop configuration and uses a predetermined function relating a power variation of at least one wavelength region with a pump power adjustment for at least one forward optical pump. Two approximate linear relationships between the input signal power variations and the required pump power adjustments are utilized in controlling the Raman fiber amplifier. Each approximate linear relationship includes at least one linear coefficient that relates a power variation for a specific wavelength region and a power adjustment of a specific Raman pump.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了用于控制具有正向光泵和反向光泵的双向泵浦拉曼光纤放大器的增益的方法和装置。通过调整正向光泵来控制总体增益，而反向光泵的功率电平基本上是固定的。增益电路以开环配置工作，并且使用将至少一个波长区域的功率变化与至少一个正向光泵的泵浦功率调整相关联的预定功能。输入信号功率变化与所需泵浦功率调整之间的两个近似线性关系用于控制拉曼光纤放大器。每个近似线性关系包括至少一个线性系数，其涉及特定波长区域的功率变化和特定拉曼泵的功率调整。

5. 发明申请

US20080007819A1 Fast Dynamic Gain Control In An Optical Fiber Amplifier 有权
标题翻译：光纤放大器中的快速动态增益控制
公开(公告)号：US20080007819A1
公开(公告)日：2008-01-10
申请号：US11858501
申请日：2007-09-20
申请人： Xiang Zhou , Martin Birk
发明人： Xiang Zhou , Martin Birk
IPC分类号： H01S3/091
CPC分类号： H01S3/302 , H01S3/06754 , H01S3/094096 , H01S3/10015 , H01S2301/04 , H04B10/2916 , H04B10/296
摘要： The present invention provides methods and apparatuses for controlling a gain of an optical fiber amplifier. Gain circuitry operates in an opened loop configuration and uses a predetermined function relating a power variation of at least one wavelength region with a pump power adjustment for at least one optical pump. Two approximate linear relationships between the input signal power variations and the required pump power adjustments are utilized in controlling the Raman fiber amplifier. Each approximate linear relationship includes at least one linear coefficient that relates a power variation for a specific wavelength region and a power adjustment of a specific Raman pump. The dynamic gain control technique is applicable to an Erbium-doped fiber/waveguide amplifier. Also, a dynamic gain control technique controls a backward-pumped Raman amplifier, in which the power variation is determined at one geographical location and the optical pumps are controlled at another geographical location.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了用于控制光纤放大器的增益的方法和装置。增益电路以开环配置工作，并且使用将至少一个波长区域的功率变化与用于至少一个光泵的泵功率调整相关联的预定功能。输入信号功率变化与所需泵浦功率调整之间的两个近似线性关系用于控制拉曼光纤放大器。每个近似线性关系包括至少一个线性系数，其涉及特定波长区域的功率变化和特定拉曼泵的功率调整。动态增益控制技术适用于掺铒光纤/波导放大器。此外，动态增益控制技术控制反向泵浦拉曼放大器，其中在一个地理位置确定功率变化，并且将光泵控制在另一地理位置。

6. 发明授权

US07280269B2 Fast dynamic gain control in cascaded Raman fiber amplifiers 有权
公开(公告)号：US07280269B2
公开(公告)日：2007-10-09
申请号：US11424308
申请日：2006-06-15
申请人： Xiang Zhou , Martin Birk
发明人： Xiang Zhou , Martin Birk
IPC分类号： H01S4/00 , H04B10/12
CPC分类号： H01S3/06758 , H01S3/005 , H01S3/06754 , H01S3/06766 , H01S3/0677 , H01S3/094096 , H01S3/10007 , H01S3/10015 , H01S3/302 , H01S2301/04 , H01S2301/06 , H04B10/2916 , H04B10/2942 , H04B10/296
摘要： The present invention provides methods and apparatuses for controlling a gain of a bidirectionally-pumped Raman fiber amplifier having both forward optical pumps and backward optical pumps. The overall gain is controlled by adjusting the forward optical pumps, while the power levels of the backward optical pumps are essentially fixed. Gain circuitry operates in an opened loop configuration and uses a predetermined function relating a power variation of at least one wavelength region with a pump power adjustment for at least one forward optical pump. Two approximate linear relationships between the input signal power variations and the required pump power adjustments are utilized in controlling the Raman fiber amplifier. Each approximate linear relationship includes at least one linear coefficient that relates a power variation for a specific wavelength region and a power adjustment of a specific Raman pump.

7. 发明申请

US20070109624A1 Fast Dynamic Gain Control in Cascaded Raman Fiber Amplifiers 有权
公开(公告)号：US20070109624A1
公开(公告)日：2007-05-17
申请号：US11424308
申请日：2006-06-15
申请人： Xiang Zhou , Martin Birk
发明人： Xiang Zhou , Martin Birk
IPC分类号： H01S3/00
CPC分类号： H01S3/06758 , H01S3/005 , H01S3/06754 , H01S3/06766 , H01S3/0677 , H01S3/094096 , H01S3/10007 , H01S3/10015 , H01S3/302 , H01S2301/04 , H01S2301/06 , H04B10/2916 , H04B10/2942 , H04B10/296
摘要： The present invention provides methods and apparatuses for controlling a gain of a bidirectionally-pumped Raman fiber amplifier having both forward optical pumps and backward optical pumps. The overall gain is controlled by adjusting the forward optical pumps, while the power levels of the backward optical pumps are essentially fixed. Gain circuitry operates in an opened loop configuration and uses a predetermined function relating a power variation of at least one wavelength region with a pump power adjustment for at least one forward optical pump. Two approximate linear relationships between the input signal power variations and the required pump power adjustments are utilized in controlling the Raman fiber amplifier. Each approximate linear relationship includes at least one linear coefficient that relates a power variation for a specific wavelength region and a power adjustment of a specific Raman pump.

8. 发明申请

US20070058242A1 Fast Dynamic Gain Control in an Optical Fiber Amplifier 有权
标题翻译：光纤放大器中的快速动态增益控制
公开(公告)号：US20070058242A1
公开(公告)日：2007-03-15
申请号：US11550258
申请日：2006-10-17
申请人： Xiang Zhou , Martin Birk
发明人： Xiang Zhou , Martin Birk
IPC分类号： H01S3/00 , H04B10/12
CPC分类号： H01S3/10007 , H01S3/06754 , H01S3/10015 , H01S3/302 , H04B10/2916 , H04B10/2942 , H04B10/296
摘要： The present invention provides methods and apparatuses for controlling a gain of an optical fiber amplifier. Gain circuitry operates in an opened loop configuration and uses a predetermined function relating a power variation of at least one wavelength region with a pump power adjustment for at least one optical pump. Two approximate linear relationships between the input signal power variations and the required pump power adjustments are utilized in controlling the Raman fiber amplifier. Each approximate linear relationship includes at least one linear coefficient that relates a power variation for a specific wavelength region and a power adjustment of a specific Raman pump. The dynamic gain control technique is applicable to an Erbium-doped fiber/waveguide amplifier. Also, a dynamic gain control technique controls a backward-pumped Raman amplifier, in which the power variation is determined at one geographical location and the optical pumps are controlled at another geographical location.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了用于控制光纤放大器的增益的方法和装置。增益电路以开环配置工作，并且使用将至少一个波长区域的功率变化与用于至少一个光泵的泵功率调整相关联的预定功能。输入信号功率变化与所需泵浦功率调整之间的两个近似线性关系用于控制拉曼光纤放大器。每个近似线性关系包括至少一个线性系数，其涉及特定波长区域的功率变化和特定拉曼泵的功率调整。动态增益控制技术适用于掺铒光纤/波导放大器。此外，动态增益控制技术控制反向泵浦拉曼放大器，其中在一个地理位置确定功率变化，并且将光泵控制在另一地理位置。

9. 发明申请

US20060187538A1 Fast dynamic gain control in an optical fiber amplifier 有权
公开(公告)号：US20060187538A1
公开(公告)日：2006-08-24
申请号：US11273868
申请日：2005-11-15
申请人： Xiang Zhou , Martin Birk
发明人： Xiang Zhou , Martin Birk
IPC分类号： H01S3/00
CPC分类号： H01S3/302 , H01S3/06754 , H01S3/094096 , H01S3/10015 , H01S2301/04 , H04B10/2916 , H04B10/296
摘要： The present invention provides methods and apparatuses for controlling a gain of an optical fiber amplifier. Gain circuitry operates in an opened loop configuration and uses a predetermined function relating a power variation of at least one wavelength region with a pump power adjustment for at least one optical pump. Two approximate linear relationships between the input signal power variations and the required pump power adjustments are utilized in controlling the Raman fiber amplifier. Each approximate linear relationship includes at least one linear coefficient that relates a power variation for a specific wavelength region and a power adjustment of a specific Raman pump. The dynamic gain control technique is applicable to an Erbium-doped fiber/waveguide amplifier. Also, a dynamic gain control technique controls a backward-pumped Raman amplifier, in which the power variation is determined at one geographical location and the optical pumps are controlled at another geographical location.

10. 发明授权

US09031419B2 Optical networks using multi-spatial mode media 有权
标题翻译：使用多空间模式媒体的光网络
公开(公告)号：US09031419B2
公开(公告)日：2015-05-12
申请号：US13247230
申请日：2011-09-28
申请人： Sheryl Woodward , Martin Birk , Michael Brodsky , Lynn E. Nelson , Xiang Zhou , Mark D. Feuer
发明人： Sheryl Woodward , Martin Birk , Michael Brodsky , Lynn E. Nelson , Xiang Zhou , Mark D. Feuer
IPC分类号： H04B10/00 , H04J14/04 , H04B10/2581 , H04B10/50 , H04J14/02
CPC分类号： H04J14/04 , H04B10/2581 , H04B10/5053 , H04J14/02 , H04J14/0212
摘要： A fiber optic system includes a transmitter for transmitting high-speed streaming electrical data to a receiver for receiving the high-speed data. In order to transmit multiple channels in the system at high-speeds, an electrical data signal is converted into multiple optical sub-signals. Each of the multiple optical sub-signals are transmitted at the common wavelength on multi-spatial mode media. The receiver receives the multiple optical sub-signals as a multi-spatial mode optical signal and separates the multi-spatial mode optical signal into branch signals having a common wavelength. The receiver mixes each of the branch signals with optical carrier waves having the common wavelength and converts the branch signals into electrical signals. Digital signal processing is used to recover the data sub-signals which are used to recover the original data signal.
摘要翻译：光纤系统包括用于将高速流式电气数据传送到用于接收高速数据的接收器的发射器。为了在系统中以高速传输多个信道，电数据信号被转换成多个光子信号。多个光子信号中的每一个在多空间模式媒体上以公共波长传输。接收机接收多个光子信号作为多空间模式光信号，并将多空间模式光信号分离为具有共同波长的分支信号。接收器将每个分支信号与具有公共波长的光载波混合，并将分支信号转换成电信号。数字信号处理用于恢复用于恢复原始数据信号的数据子信号。

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