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1. 发明授权

US5056371A Method and apparatus for determining the filling capacity of tobacco 失效
标题翻译：用于确定烟草填充量的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5056371A
公开(公告)日：1991-10-15
申请号：US571975
申请日：1990-08-24
申请人： Wolfgang Graudejus , Martin Rattemeyer
发明人： Wolfgang Graudejus , Martin Rattemeyer
IPC分类号： A24B1/10 , A24C5/343
CPC分类号： A24C5/343
摘要： To determine the filling capacity of tobacco, a predetermined quantity of tobacco is filled into a volume of known cross-section forming part of a press, closed on one side by a movable plunger, and the length of the tobacco column and the force acting on the tobacco during compression of the tobacco by the plunger are measured as a function of time. The output data are processed by at least one computer while the tobacco is being packed into packaging containers by means of the press. The length of the tobacco column is determined from the measured distance covered by the movable plunger of the press which compresses the tobacco and in doing so moves it into the packaging container. The force acting on the tobacco is measured from the pressure required to drive the plunger, or from the supporting force required to hold the packaging container, or from the force occurring at the plunger or its drive elements. Additional parameters such as tobacco temeprature and moisture content governing the value of the filling capacity are determined in independent measurements and fed into the computer. The method is preferably applied to leaf tobacco.
摘要翻译：为了确定烟草的填充能力，将预定数量的烟草填充到形成压力机部分的已知横截面的体积中，一侧由可移动柱塞封闭，并且烟草柱的长度和作用于作为时间的函数测量烟丝在柱塞压缩期间的烟草。输出数据由至少一台计算机处理，同时通过印刷机将烟草包装在包装容器中。烟草柱的长度由压缩机的可移动柱塞覆盖的测量距离确定，其压缩烟草并且将其移动到包装容器中。作用在烟草上的力是从驱动柱塞所需的压力，或从保持包装容器所需的支撑力，或从柱塞或其驱动元件上产生的力测量的。额外的参数，如烟草温度和含水量控制灌装能力的价值是在独立的测量中确定并进入计算机。该方法优选应用于烟叶。

2. 发明授权

US5209124A Method and apparatus for determining the filling capacity of tobacco and the hardness of cigarettes 失效
标题翻译：用于确定烟草的填充能力和香烟硬度的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5209124A
公开(公告)日：1993-05-11
申请号：US571976
申请日：1990-08-24
申请人： Wolfgang Graudejus , Martin Rattemeyer
发明人： Wolfgang Graudejus , Martin Rattemeyer
IPC分类号： A24C5/34 , A24C5/343
CPC分类号： A24C5/34 , A24C5/343
摘要： A method and an apparatus for the determination of the filling capacity of tobacco and the hardness of cigarettes includes a container containing tobacco compressed by a test plunger driven in a pre-set manner by a motor, such that the force exerted on the tobacco is measured and passed to a computer. The length of the tobacco column is also measured. After the compression movement of the test plunger and while it rests in its end position for a relaxation period, the force acting on the tobacco is measured at pre-set time intervals and signals indicative thereof are passed on to the computer. The temperature and the moisture of the tobacco are determined, enabling the measured values to be adjusted to reflect standard conditions. The apparatus for determining the hardness of cigarettes differs from the apparatus for the determination of the filling capacity of tobacco only in the construction of the test plunger and the sample holder.
摘要翻译：用于确定烟草的填充能力和香烟的硬度的方法和装置包括容纳由被电动机以预设方式驱动的测试柱塞压缩的烟草的容器，从而测量施加在烟草上的力并传递给计算机。还测量烟草柱的长度。在测试柱塞的压缩运动之后，并且当其停留在其终止位置以放松期间时，作用在烟草上的力以预定的时间间隔被测量，并且指示它们的信号传递到计算机。确定烟草的温度和湿度，使得可以调整测量值以反映标准条件。用于确定香烟硬度的装置与仅用于测试柱塞和样品架的构造的用于确定烟草填充能力的装置不同。

3. 发明授权

US5586663A Processing for the optical sorting of bulk material 失效
标题翻译：散装材料的光学分选处理
公开(公告)号：US5586663A
公开(公告)日：1996-12-24
申请号：US365489
申请日：1994-12-28
申请人： Wolfgang Graudejus , Eberhard Briem , Wilhelm Haettich , Heribert Geisselmann
发明人： Wolfgang Graudejus , Eberhard Briem , Wilhelm Haettich , Heribert Geisselmann
IPC分类号： B07C5/342 , G01J3/46
CPC分类号： B07C5/366 , B07C5/3422 , Y10S209/939
摘要： The invention relates to a process for the optical sorting of bulk material in a colour-sorting machine while it is conveyed over a transport belt and moves past an observation head with a light source and a product signal receiver arranged in the vicinity of the light source, whereby the reflected light of the image points of the examination material is broken down into several spectral ranges by various colour filters of detection elements lying next to one another of a line of the receiver and the examination material is sorted on the basis of the colour values (measured value of the intensity in the colour in question). According to the invention, it is provided in order to improve the detection rate that, in the case of examination material mixed with reject parts, in each case the colour values of the product are studied in several selected sub-ranges, while, in every sub-range, a classifier ascertains connected areas of image points with colour values falling into the pertinent sub-range and carries out a classification according to preset criteria from the geometry and the size of these detection areas.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种用于在分色机中的散装材料的光学分选的过程，同时在输送带上传送并移动通过具有光源的观察头和布置在光源附近的产品信号接收器由此，检测材料的图像点的反射光由接收器的一条线彼此相邻的检测元件的各种滤色器分解成若干光谱范围，并且基于颜色对检查材料进行分类值（所讨论的颜色中的强度的测量值）。根据本发明，为了提高检测材料的检测率，在各种情况下，在各种情况下，在多个选择的子范围内研究产品的颜色值，在每种情况下，子范围，分类器确定具有落入相关子范围的颜色值的图像点的连接区域，并根据这些检测区域的几何形状和大小根据预设标准进行分类。

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