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1. 发明授权

US4199812A Apparatus for determining the duration of fuel injection control pulses 失效
标题翻译：用于确定燃料喷射控制脉冲持续时间的装置
公开(公告)号：US4199812A
公开(公告)日：1980-04-22
申请号：US920578
申请日：1978-06-29
申请人： Winfried Klotzner , Rolf Daumer , Martin Zechnall , Uwe Kiencke , Ulrich Flaig
发明人： Winfried Klotzner , Rolf Daumer , Martin Zechnall , Uwe Kiencke , Ulrich Flaig
IPC分类号： F02D41/24 , F02D5/00 , G06F15/50
CPC分类号： F02D41/2403 , F02D41/2416
摘要： A fuel injection system receives valve control pulses, the length of which determines the fuel quantity delivered to the engine. A first counter receives a pulse train whose frequency depends on the air flow rate and this pulse train is admitted for a period defined by the engine speed. The content of the counter is then counted out at a frequency which is synthesized from operational parameters of the engine, including, in particular, the temperature. For this purpose, there is generated a temperature-dependent frequency which is fed to a multiplier circuit which combines this frequency with data derived from a memory to generate an output signal which is further processed to provide the fuel injection pulses for the engine.
摘要翻译：燃料喷射系统接收阀门控制脉冲，其长度决定了输送到发动机的燃料量。第一计数器接收脉冲序列，其频率取决于空气流量，并且该脉冲序列被允许在由发动机速度定义的时间段内。然后以从发动机的操作参数合成的频率计数计数器的内容，特别是包括温度。为此，产生温度相关的频率，该频率被馈送到将该频率与从存储器导出的数据组合的乘法器电路，以产生进一步处理以提供用于发动机的燃料喷射脉冲的输出信号。

2. 发明授权

US4063539A System to control timing of cyclically repetitive events, particularly automotive ignition 失效
标题翻译：系统控制循环重复事件的时序，特别是汽车点火
公开(公告)号：US4063539A
公开(公告)日：1977-12-20
申请号：US650971
申请日：1976-01-21
申请人： Ingo Gorille , Wolfgang Borst , Winfried Klotzner , Karl Ott , Heinz Moller , Gunter Honig , Uwe Kiencke , Martin Zechnall , Ulrich Flaig , Alfred Schulz , Ernst-Olav Pagel
发明人： Ingo Gorille , Wolfgang Borst , Winfried Klotzner , Karl Ott , Heinz Moller , Gunter Honig , Uwe Kiencke , Martin Zechnall , Ulrich Flaig , Alfred Schulz , Ernst-Olav Pagel
IPC分类号： F02B1/04 , F02P5/15 , F02P7/077 , G05B11/36 , F02B5/02
CPC分类号： F02P5/15 , F02P7/0775 , F02B1/04 , Y02T10/46
摘要： Operating parameters, such as speed and loading of the engine are converted in electrical signals which are converted into pulse rates, to control counting of an address counter, addressing a read-only (ROM) memory in which characteristics of the engine are stored. To provide easy introduction of additional parameters such as temperature, idle condition, maximum speed, start condition, etc., the final value of an accumulator counter, the number of which at a given time controls the ignition timing, can be changed; further, to simplify the system, the speed and load signals are processed during a portion of the time between successive ignition events, the remaining portion of the time being controlled solely by one of the parameters (preferably speed), thus simplifying the circuitry by providing a transfer switch connecting for the remaining period only the selected (preferably speed) signal to the accumulator counter, the count state of which controls the ignition instant.
摘要翻译：诸如发动机的速度和负载的操作参数被转换成转换成脉冲速率的电信号，以控制地址计数器的计数，寻址存储发动机特性的只读（ROM）存储器。为了简单地引入诸如温度，怠速条件，最大速度，启动条件等附加参数，可以改变在给定时间控制点火正时的累加器计数器的最终值; 此外，为了简化系统，速度和负载信号在连续点火事件之间的一段时间内被处理，剩余部分时间仅由参数之一（最好是速度）控制，从而通过提供一个转换开关，将余下的时间段仅连接到累加器计数器，其计数状态控制点火时刻。

3. 发明授权

US4099495A Method and apparatus to determine the timing of a periodically repetitive event with respect to the position of a rotating body, and more particularly ignition timing, fuel injection timing, and the like, in automotive internal combustion engines 失效
标题翻译：在汽车内燃机中确定相对于旋转体的位置的周期性重复事件的定时，尤其是点火正时，燃料喷射正时等的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4099495A
公开(公告)日：1978-07-11
申请号：US719068
申请日：1976-08-30
申请人： Uwe Kiencke , Ulrich Flaig , Martin Zechnall , Gunter Honig
发明人： Uwe Kiencke , Ulrich Flaig , Martin Zechnall , Gunter Honig
IPC分类号： F02D41/24 , F02D41/26 , F02D41/34 , F02D45/00 , F02P3/045 , F02P5/15 , F02P9/00 , F02P15/00 , F02B3/00 , F02P5/04 , G06F15/20
CPC分类号： F02P5/1506 , F02D41/2403 , F02D41/2412 , F02D41/2451 , F02D41/266 , F02D41/345 , F02P15/008 , Y02T10/44 , Y02T10/46
摘要： A pair of marker signals are generated with respect to a predetermined crankshaft position; the leading edge of the marker signal is used as a control edge to generate, by digital calculation, a digital control signal calculated in accordance with engine operating characteristics, as related to speed, loading, and the like, and providing a numerical output value used as a control value to control the timing of a pulse which may, depending on use, control: ignition timing; fuel injection timing; transmission gear shifting, the data relating engine performance, with respect to loading, speed, and other parameters such as temperature, starting conditions, and the like, being stored in a data memory. Calculation of the digital control signals and determination, by timed sequential counting out, are carried out independently from each other and during time overlap. Under starting, or emergency condition, an override can be provided coupling the trailing flank of the marker signal -- occurring, for example, at upper dead-center position of the cylinder -- to the output of the system to provide directly generated ignition pulses.
摘要翻译：相对于预定的曲轴位置产生一对标记信号; 标记信号的前沿用作控制边沿，通过数字计算，产生与速度，加载等相关的根据发动机操作特性计算的数字控制信号，并提供使用的数字输出值作为用于控制脉冲的定时的控制值，其可以根据使用控制：点火正时; 燃油喷射正时; 变速器换档，关于装载，速度和诸如温度，起动条件等的其它参数的发动机性能的数据存储在数据存储器中。数字控制信号的计算和通过定时顺序计数的确定彼此独立地进行，并且在时间重叠期间进行。在启动或紧急情况下，可以提供将标记信号的后端（例如在气缸的上死点位置发生）连接到系统的输出的超控，以提供直接产生的点火脉冲。

4. 发明授权

US4527523A System for damping bucking oscillations of an automobile engine 失效
标题翻译：汽车发动机减震摆动系统
公开(公告)号：US4527523A
公开(公告)日：1985-07-09
申请号：US545531
申请日：1983-10-26
申请人： Rolf Daumer , Ekkehard Feldmann , Martin Person , Ernst Wild , Martin Zechnall
发明人： Rolf Daumer , Ekkehard Feldmann , Martin Person , Ernst Wild , Martin Zechnall
IPC分类号： F02P5/152 , F02D45/00 , F02P5/145 , F02P5/15 , F02P5/153 , F02P5/06
CPC分类号： F02P5/1504 , F02P5/1455 , Y02T10/46
摘要： Fluctuations of engine speed in the frequency range from 2 to 8 Hz, which produce "bucking" behavior of a motor vehicle, are detected by passing engine speed signals through a filter which reduces and delays the oscillations and a difference signal is then produced between the original and the processed speed signal in order to derive an alternating signal in the form of a square wave indicating the sign of a correction to be made to engine ignition timing for counteracting the bucking oscillations of engine speed. The square wave determines the sign of an anti-bucking ignition timing correction factor, of which the absolute value may be constant or may vary according to the sign of the correction and, if desired, also in accordance with engine operation parameters.
摘要翻译：通过使发动机速度信号通过滤波器来检测在2至8Hz的频率范围内的发动机速度的波动，其产生机动车辆的“弯曲”行为，其减小并延迟振荡，并且随后产生差异信号原始和处理后的速度信号，以便导出一个方波形式的交替信号，该方波指示要对发动机点火正时进行校正的符号，以抵消发动机转速的起伏振荡。方波确定了抗弯曲点火正时校正因子的符号，其绝对值可以是恒定的，或者可以根据校正的符号以及如果需要也根据发动机操作参数而变化。

5. 发明授权

US4174688A Digital-electronic engine ignition system 失效
标题翻译：数字电子发动机点火系统
公开(公告)号：US4174688A
公开(公告)日：1979-11-20
申请号：US853432
申请日：1977-11-21
申请人： Guenther Honig , Uwe Kiencke , Martin Zechnall
发明人： Guenther Honig , Uwe Kiencke , Martin Zechnall
IPC分类号： F02P3/04 , F02P3/045 , F02P5/15 , F02P5/04
CPC分类号： F02P5/15 , F02P3/0456 , Y02T10/46
摘要： The engine for which the system provides ignition control produces a basic signal giving the time lapse of a predetermined angle of crankshaft rotation. Leading and trailing edges of this basic signal produce control signals. During the interval between these two a first counter stepped by clock pulses produces a count proportional to engine speed down to a certain relatively low engine speed beyond which overflow of the counter holds the counter at its maximum value. The count so determined is utilized in an ROM as the engine speed parameter which together with other engine operation parameters produce the address that selects the appropriate number to control computed ignition timing. According to the engine speed range, a second counter is loaded either with the number provided by the ROM, or with a count number based on engine speed only and the second counter then counts down past thresholds provided by a second ROM to determine both the moment of closure of the electronic switch and the moment of opening. The closure interval is generally maintained constant, consistently so at low speeds, but at high speeds a minimum open interval of the electronic switch in the primary circuit of the ignition transformer overrides this requirement. In certain embodiments ignition timing is provided by the reaching of a threshold value of current in the primary winding, under certain limited conditions.
摘要翻译：系统提供点火控制的发动机产生基本信号，给出曲轴旋转预定角度的时间流逝。该基本信号的前沿和后沿产生控制信号。在这两个间隔期间，由时钟脉冲串步进的第一个计数器产生与发动机转速成正比的计数，直到某个相对低的发动机转速，计数器的溢出将计数器保持在其最大值。如此确定的计数在ROM中用作发动机速度参数，其与其它发动机操作参数一起产生选择适当数量的地址以控制计算的点火正时。根据发动机转速范围，第二个计数器由ROM提供的数字或仅基于发动机转速的计数数字加载，然后第二个计数器倒数第二个ROM提供的阈值，以确定时刻关闭电子开关和打开的时刻。闭合间隔通常保持恒定，始终如此在低速下，但是在高速下，点火变压器的初级回路中的电子开关的最小开启间隔超过了这个要求。在某些实施例中，在某些有限的条件下，通过达到初级绕组中的电流的阈值来提供点火正时。

6. 发明授权

US4198882A Automatic transmission digital control system 失效
标题翻译：自动变速箱数控系统
公开(公告)号：US4198882A
公开(公告)日：1980-04-22
申请号：US862441
申请日：1977-12-20
申请人： Uwe Kiencke , Martin Zechnall
发明人： Uwe Kiencke , Martin Zechnall
IPC分类号： G05D13/00 , F16H61/00 , F16H61/02 , F16H61/08 , F16H61/12 , G05B15/02 , B60K41/18
CPC分类号： F16H61/0213 , F16H2061/0096 , Y10T477/6934 , Y10T477/693635
摘要： Transmission gear change characteristic curves, relating speed and loading, are stored in a memory. The digitally stored data are processed in a data processing unit connected to a synchronization and logic unit which controls a gear change control stage, actually controlling the gear shifting. The data processing unit compares output speed of the transmission with the characteristic curves stored in the memory relating speed and loading, and optimum transmission gear range, while additionally considering load signals derived from the engine to which the transmission is connected. Preferably, the entire unit is synchronized by output pulses derived from the output speed of the transmission, with prohibited states and gear changes being provided for to prevent shifting if the actual speed exceeds or recedes below critical levels.
摘要翻译：传动齿轮变速特性曲线，相关速度和载荷，存储在一个存储器中。数字存储的数据在连接到控制变速控制级的同步和逻辑单元的数据处理单元中进行处理，实际上控制变速。数据处理单元将传输的输出速度与存储在存储器中的与速度和载荷相关的特性曲线以及最佳传动档位进行比较，同时另外考虑从传动装置所连接的发动机得到的载荷信号。优选地，整个单元通过从变速器的输出速度导出的输出脉冲同步，如果实际速度超过或退回到临界水平以下，则提供禁止状态和齿轮变化以防止换档。

7. 发明授权

US6101872A Sensor having a thin film element 失效
标题翻译：传感器具有薄膜元件
公开(公告)号：US6101872A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-15
申请号：US036732
申请日：1998-03-09
申请人： Martin Zechnall , Christoph Treutler , Manfred Lembke , Hans Hecht , Jiri Marek , Herbert Goebel , Martin Willmann , Hans-Ulrich Gruber , Andreas Lock , Klaus Heyers , Joerg Buth
发明人： Martin Zechnall , Christoph Treutler , Manfred Lembke , Hans Hecht , Jiri Marek , Herbert Goebel , Martin Willmann , Hans-Ulrich Gruber , Andreas Lock , Klaus Heyers , Joerg Buth
IPC分类号： G01F1/68 , G01F1/684 , G01F1/692 , G01K7/18 , H01L21/822 , H01L27/04
CPC分类号： G01F1/6845 , G01F1/692 , G01K7/183
摘要： A sensor has a thin film element, the thin film element having a temperature-dependent electrical resistance. The thin film element includes a platinum layer, which is doped with zircon or zircon oxide. The thin film element can be arranged on a membrane to create a mass airflow sensor.
摘要翻译：传感器具有薄膜元件，薄膜元件具有温度依赖性电阻。薄膜元件包括掺杂有锆石或氧化锆的铂层。薄膜元件可以布置在膜上以产生质量气流传感器。

8. 发明授权

US4683861A Apparatus for venting a fuel tank 失效
标题翻译：燃油箱排气装置
公开(公告)号：US4683861A
公开(公告)日：1987-08-04
申请号：US822012
申请日：1986-01-24
申请人： Helmut Breitkreuz , Albrecht Clement , Dieter Mayer , Claus Ruppmann , Dieter Walz , Ernst Wild , Martin Zechnall
发明人： Helmut Breitkreuz , Albrecht Clement , Dieter Mayer , Claus Ruppmann , Dieter Walz , Ernst Wild , Martin Zechnall
IPC分类号： B60K15/01 , B60K15/03 , F02B1/04 , F02D41/00 , F02D41/02 , F02D41/04 , F02D41/14 , F02D41/24 , F02M25/08 , F02M39/00
CPC分类号： F02M25/08 , F02D41/004 , F02D41/1491 , F02D41/2451 , F02B1/04 , F02D41/2454
摘要： An apparatus is disclosed for venting a fuel tank of internal combustion engines or the like, wherein fuel vapors developing in the tank are received in an intermediate storage unit containing an activated carbon filter and are delivered to the induction area of the engine in dependence upon operating conditions. The delivery is accomplished by an electrically controlled tank venting valve having a pass-through opening the cross section of which is continuously changed. This is achieved by changing the pulse duty factor of the drive pulse train for this valve. The pulse duty factor may be determined in the sense of a pure control using a family of characteristic fields in dependence on rotational speed and load of the engine, or by taking into account preferably averaged Lambda values with a reduction in the cross section of the pass-through opening of the tank vent valve as the mixture becomes richer. Further, an adaptive anticipatory control is provided which enters into the calculation of the fuel quantity to be supplied or of the fuel injection signal with a correction value (ATE) and switches over to a limit control when predetermined mixture proportions are reached. The basic adaptation in the Lambda control system for calculating the fuel supply is released only if the fuel quantities originating from tank venting are negligible.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于排放内燃机等的燃料箱的装置，其中在罐中形成的燃料蒸汽被接收在包含活性炭过滤器的中间储存单元中，并根据操作被输送到发动机的感应区域条件。输送通过具有贯穿开口的电控罐排放阀来完成，其横截面不断变化。这是通过改变该阀的驱动脉冲序列的脉冲占空比来实现的。脉冲占空因数可以在纯控制的意义上使用一系列特征场来确定，这些特征场依赖于发动机的转速和负载，或者考虑到平均的λ值，其中通过横截面的减小通过打开罐排气阀，因为混合物变得更加丰富。此外，提供了一种自适应预测控制，其进入计算要供应的燃料量或具有校正值（ATE）的燃料喷射信号，并且当达到预定的混合比例时切换到极限控制。仅当来自罐排气的燃料量可忽略不计时，用于计算燃料供应的Lambda控制系统的基本适应才被释放。

9. 发明授权

US4932383A Method and apparatus for controlling the lambda value of the air/fuel mixture supplied to an internal combustion engine 失效
标题翻译：用于控制提供给内燃机的空气/燃料混合物的λ值的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4932383A
公开(公告)日：1990-06-12
申请号：US325148
申请日：1989-03-17
申请人： Martin Zechnall , Albrecht Clement
发明人： Martin Zechnall , Albrecht Clement
IPC分类号： F02B1/04 , F02D41/14
CPC分类号： F02D41/148 , F02B1/04
摘要： The invention is directed to a method for controlling the lambda value of the air/fuel mixture supplied to an internal combustion engine. The method utilizes the signal of a lambda probe as the measurement of an actual value with this actual value displaying discontinuities during the transistion from the rich to the lean lambda region. The switch-over of the control direction in the direction "rich" is undertaken when the actual value in the form of the probe voltage passes through the reference voltage; however, this only happens when the probe voltage had an previously climbed to a threshold value "rich". Correspondingly, the control direction is swiched over to the direction "lean" only when the reference value is passed through and when the probe voltage previously had dropped to a threshold voltage "lean". The apparatus which operates pursusant to the method no longer leads to undefined control oscillations when cylinder scatter effects occur.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种用于控制提供给内燃机的空气/燃料混合物的λ值的方法。该方法利用λ探针的信号作为实际值的测量，该实际值在从富向λ区域的转移过程中显示不连续性。当探头电压形式的实际值通过参考电压时，进行方向“丰富”时控制方向的切换; 然而，只有当探头电压先前已经上升到阈值“rich”时才会发生。相应地，仅当参考值通过时以及当探头电压先前已经下降到阈值电压“瘦”时，才将控制方向切换到“倾斜”方向。当发生气缸散射效应时，对该方法进行追踪的装置不再导致未定义的控制振荡。

10. 发明授权

US4389994A Internal combustion engine control system for use with turbo-charged engine, and method 失效
标题翻译：用于涡轮增压发动机的内燃机控制系统及方法
公开(公告)号：US4389994A
公开(公告)日：1983-06-28
申请号：US270964
申请日：1981-06-05
申请人： Helmut Denz , Hans-Peter Stumm , Martin Zechnall
发明人： Helmut Denz , Hans-Peter Stumm , Martin Zechnall
IPC分类号： F02D23/02 , F02D37/02 , F02D41/00 , F02D41/14 , F02D41/24 , F02P5/04 , F02P5/152 , G05B15/02 , F02B3/10 , F02D5/00 , F02D21/04
CPC分类号： F02D35/027 , F02D23/02 , F02D37/02 , F02D41/0007 , F02D41/1446 , F02D41/2422 , F02P5/045 , F02P5/1528 , F02D2200/0606 , Y02T10/144 , Y02T10/46
摘要： To permit operation of engines, particularly turbo-charged engines, at the maximum power level just short of causing engine knocking, and preventing engine knocking, temperatures in the engine are sensed and, if an excessive temperature signal is detected, for example excessive engine temperature, exhaust gas temperature, turbo-charged air, or turbo charger temperature, a fuel supply system, for example a fuel injection system, is controlled to enrich the mixture, for example by multiplying the fuel injection time by a factor as commanded by an additional control stage (26, 27, 30) which stores in a memory, such as a ROM (27), engine operating characteristic curves. In addition, spark retardation by a retarding angle (.alpha.1) can be commanded, the spark retardation in combination with enriching of the fuel-air mixture being less than without such enrichment, thus permitting operation of the engine at appropriate power and efficiency level without noticeably increasing fuel consumption in the course of continued operation of the engine.
摘要翻译：为了允许发动机，特别是涡轮增压发动机的运行，在最小功率水平下，仅仅是引起发动机爆震，并且防止发动机爆震，发动机的温度被检测到，并且如果检测到过高的温度信号，例如过大的发动机温度，排气温度，涡轮增压空气或涡轮增压器温度，燃料供应系统（例如燃料喷射系统）被控制以使混合物富集，例如通过将燃料喷射时间乘以附加的指令的因子控制级（26,27,30），其存储在诸如ROM（27）的存储器中，发动机工作特性曲线。另外，通过延迟角（α1）可以控制火花放电，与燃料 - 空气混合物的富集相结合的火花发射延迟小于没有这样的浓缩，从而允许发动机在适当的功率和效率水平下运行而没有在发动机持续运转的过程中油耗明显增加。

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