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    • 4. 发明授权
    • Respiration rate monitor
    • 呼吸频率监测
    • US5143078A
    • 1992-09-01
    • US414658
    • 1989-09-29
    • Bruce C. MatherDean C. Winter
    • Bruce C. MatherDean C. Winter
    • A61B5/08A61B7/00
    • A61B5/0816A61B7/003
    • A monitoring system for providing an accurate indication of a patient's respiration rate. The system is effective in eliminating or significantly reducing the effects of heart sounds and ambient noise. The system comprises means for obtaining a first signal waveform containing components corresponding to the patient's breath sounds, as well as components corresponding to heart sounds and ambient noise. The signal is passed through a digital bandpass filter having a passband selected to remove heart sounds and ambient noise to produce a second waveform. From the second waveform the total energy is computed of a portion of the signal within a moving window of predetermined length. The resulting energy envelope signal is smoothed and then high-pass filtered by removing the average DC value of the signal over a predetermined preceding time interval. Respiration is detected by identifying significant, positive-going zero crossings of the resulting signal through a band about zero. The zero-band threshold used to obtain this waveform can be controlled by the operator or pre-set for a particular sensitivity.
    • 用于提供患者呼吸速率的准确指示的监测系统。 该系统有效消除或显着降低心脏声音和环境噪声的影响。 该系统包括用于获得包含对应于患者呼吸音的成分的第一信号波形以及对应于心脏声音和环境噪声的组件的装置。 信号通过具有选择的通带的数字带通滤波器,以去除心脏声音和环境噪声以产生第二波形。 根据第二波形,计算出在预定长度的移动窗口内的信号的一部分的总能量。 所得到的能量包络信号被平滑化,然后通过在预定的先前时间间隔上去除信号的平均DC值来进行高通滤波。 通过将结果信号通过一个带大约零的重要的正向过零点来检测呼吸。 用于获得该波形的零带阈值可以由操作者控制或者为特定灵敏度预设。
    • 5. 发明授权
    • Pressure control system for continuous blood pressure monitor transducer
    • 用于连续血压监测传感器的压力控制系统
    • US4836213A
    • 1989-06-06
    • US160134
    • 1988-02-25
    • Dennis J. WenzelDean C. WinterKevin S. Honeyager
    • Dennis J. WenzelDean C. WinterKevin S. Honeyager
    • A61B5/0245A61B5/021A61B5/022
    • A61B5/021
    • A method for computing optimal hold down pressure for a transducer comprising an array of pressure sensing elements for generation of electrical waveforms indicative of blood pressure in an artery. Using the selected pressure sensing element that is determined to be positioned substantially over the center of the underlying artery, a set of data corresponding to the diastolic pressure and the pulse amplitude pressure is collected and stored. The diastolic pressures and pulse amplitude pressures are taken as a function of hold down pressure over a range of hold down pressures between the pressure at which the artery is unflattened and the pressure at which the artery is occluded. First and second polynomials are fitted to the diastolic pressure data set and the pulse amplitude data set, respectively. The hold-down pressure at the point of minimum slope of the first polynomial fitted to the diastolic versus hold-down pressures values provides one estimate of the correct hold-down pressure. Another estimate of the correct hold-down pressure using the pulse amplitude measurements is provided by locating the point where the slope of the second polynomial is zero. In another embodiment of the method of the present invention, the two above described estimates are combined into a single estimate.
    • 一种用于计算换能器的最佳压紧压力的方法,包括用于产生指示动脉血压的电波形的压力感测元件阵列。 使用被确定为基本上位于下面的动脉中心的所选择的压力感测元件,收集并存储对应于舒张压和脉搏幅度压力的一组数据。 舒张压和脉搏幅度压力作为在动脉未平坦的压力与动脉闭塞的压力之间的压紧压力范围内的压紧压力的函数。 第一和第二多项式分别拟合到舒张压数据集和脉冲幅度数据集。 拟合到舒张压降压力值的第一个多项式的最小斜率点处的压紧压力提供了正确压紧压力的一个估计值。 通过定位第二多项式的斜率为零的点来提供使用脉冲幅度测量值的正确压紧压力的另一估计。 在本发明方法的另一个实施例中,将上述两个估计值组合成单个估计值。
    • 6. 发明授权
    • Method and apparatus for acoustically measuring the volume of an object
    • 用于声学测量物体体积的方法和装置
    • US4640130A
    • 1987-02-03
    • US665800
    • 1984-10-29
    • Hwai-Ping ShengCutberto GarzaDean C. WinterWilliam G. Deskins
    • Hwai-Ping ShengCutberto GarzaDean C. WinterWilliam G. Deskins
    • A61B5/103G01B17/00G01H13/00G01N29/00G01F17/00
    • A61B5/1073G01B17/00G01H13/00
    • A non-invasive method and apparatus for measuring the volume of an object such as an infant using the principle of the Helmholtz resonator. A container having a cavity therein containing gas and having an opening is subjected to a variable frequency loud speaker. The resonance frequency of the cavity is proportional to the volume of the cavity. By placing an object to be measured in the cavity, the change in the resonance frequency of the cavity before and after the object is placed is an indication of the volume of the object. The loudspeaker is mechanically uncoupled from the opening, the volume of the cavity is large enough compared to the object to be measured so the object will not change the shape of the cavity, and the temperature inside the cavity is maintained substantially constant during the measurements. Various lung measurements may be taken by determining the volume of air inhaled or exhaled from the lungs of an animal.
    • 一种用于使用亥姆霍兹共振器的原理来测量诸如婴儿的物体的体积的非侵入性方法和装置。 具有容纳气体且具有开口的空腔的容器经受可变频扬声器。 空腔的共振频率与空腔的体积成正比。 通过将要测量的物体放置在空腔中,放置物体之前和之后的空腔的共振频率的变化是物体的体积的指示。 扬声器与开口机械地脱开,与被测物体相比,空腔的体积足够大,因此物体不会改变空腔的形状,并且在测量期间空腔内部的温度保持基本恒定。 可以通过确定从动物的肺部吸入或呼出的空气的体积来进行各种肺部测量。
    • 7. 发明授权
    • Apparatus for positioning transducer for blood pressure monitor
    • 血压计传感器定位装置
    • US4987900A
    • 1991-01-29
    • US349937
    • 1989-05-03
    • Joseph S. EckerleDean C. Winter
    • Joseph S. EckerleDean C. Winter
    • A61B5/022
    • A61B5/02241A61B2562/0247A61B2562/046
    • A system for positioning a tonometric sensor array over an artery on a patient's wrist such that minimal hold down pressure is required to flatten said artery. The preferred embodiment of the invention comprises a sensor case which can be attached to a patient's wrist in a manner similar to a conventional wristwatch. A transducer piston is received in the case and is movable therein. A protrusion in the lower face of the transducer piston defines a sensor mounting platform. A sensor comprising an array of pressure sensing elements is attached to the mounting platform such that the operative face of the sensor is offset from the lower surface of the piston by a predetermined distance. The sensor platform has a shape which allows part of it to fit between the radius bone and the flexor tendon in the patient's wrist. The required hold down pressure is provided by a pressurizable bellows. Because of the dimensions of the sensor platform and the offset of the sensor, adequate flattening of the underlying artery can be achieved with a minimum hold down pressure.
    • 用于将血压计传感器阵列定位在患者手腕上的动脉上的系统,使得需要最小的压力压力来平坦化所述动脉。 本发明的优选实施例包括传感器外壳,其可以以与常规手表类似的方式附接到患者的手腕。 换能器活塞被容纳在壳体中并且可在其中移动。 在换能器活塞的下表面上的突起限定了传感器安装平台。 包括压力感测元件阵列的传感器附接到安装平台,使得传感器的操作面从活塞的下表面偏移预定距离。 传感器平台具有允许其一部分适合患者腕部的半径骨与屈肌腱之间的形状。 所需的压紧压力由可加压的波纹管提供。 由于传感器平台的尺寸和传感器的偏移,可以以最小的压力压力实现下面的动脉的适当平坦化。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • High frequency oscillatory ventilator and respiratory measurement system
    • 高频振荡呼吸机和呼吸测量系统
    • US5555880A
    • 1996-09-17
    • US190322
    • 1994-01-31
    • Dean C. WinterRalph E. HarrisKevin S. Honeyager
    • Dean C. WinterRalph E. HarrisKevin S. Honeyager
    • A61M16/00
    • A61M16/0096A61M16/0069A61M2016/0039
    • A high frequency oscillatory ventilator for infants and adults using feedback control to maintain either the desired tidal volume or pressure delivered to the subject. The inspiratory to expiratory time ratio of the ventilator is variable. The ventilator corrects the measured pressure for arbitrarily-sized endotracheal tubes and calculates the actual pressure or tidal volume delivered to the subject. The ventilator also separates the source of the tidal volume oscillations from the patient circuit with a flexible membrane or diaphragm, allowing transmission of oscillating tidal volumes while blocking mean airway pressures. The patient circuit is flexible, but fabricated from low-compliance material to minimize the loss of tidal volume. The ventilator uses feedback control of the exhaust flow to maintain mean airway pressure in the presence of an independently controlled bias flow. Further, a respiratory impedance measurement system is built into or connected to the patient circuit which monitors changes in lung mechanics while the patient is connected to the high frequency ventilator without changing mean airway pressure or removing the patient from the ventilator.
    • 用于婴儿和成年人的高频振荡呼吸机,使用反馈控制来保持传递给受试者的所需潮气量或压力。 呼吸机吸气与呼气时间的比值是可变的。 呼吸机校正任意尺寸的气管插管的测量压力,并计算输送给受试者的实际压力或潮气量。 呼吸机还通过柔性膜或隔膜将潮气量振荡源与患者回路分开,允许振荡潮气量的传播,同时阻止平均气道压力。 患者电路是柔性的,但由低顺应性材料制成,以尽量减少潮气量的损失。 呼吸机使用排气流的反馈控制来在存在独立控制的偏流的情况下维持平均气道压力。 此外,呼吸阻抗测量系统内置或连接到患者电路,其在病人连接到高频呼吸机而不改变平均气道压力或从呼吸机移除患者时监测肺力学变化。
    • 9. 发明授权
    • Active element selection for continuous blood pressure monitor transducer
    • 连续血压监护仪的有源元件选择
    • US4893631A
    • 1990-01-16
    • US160146
    • 1988-02-25
    • Dennis J. WenzelDean C. WinterKevin S. Honeyager
    • Dennis J. WenzelDean C. WinterKevin S. Honeyager
    • A61B5/0245A61B5/021A61B5/022
    • A61B5/021A61B5/02116
    • A method for monitoring a transducer array of individual pressure or force sensitive elements and for selecting the element within the array which most tracks the actual pulse waveform in an underlying artery, thus providing the most accurate measurement of the patient's blood pressure. The outputs of all of the transducer elements are employed in locating the particular element which is centrally located over the artery. A limited number of elements exhibiting local minima of diastolic pressure is first chosen. Then, pulse amplitude outputs from the limited number of transducer elements are employed in selecting that element within the limited-number group which is to be used for obtaining blood pressure measurements. The method provided by the present invention selects from the limited-number group of elements that element about which is centered the greatest spatially weighted average of a predetermined number of pulse amplitude values.
    • 用于监测各个压力或力敏感元件的换能器阵列并用于选择阵列内的元件的方法,其大部分跟踪潜在动脉中的实际脉搏波形,从而提供对患者血压的最准确的测量。 所有换能器元件的输出用于定位位于动脉上方的特定元件。 首先选择显示局部舒张压最小值的有限数量的元件。 然后,采用有限数量的换能器元件的脉冲振幅输出来选择用于获得血压测量的有限数量组内的元件。 本发明提供的方法从有限数量的元素组中选择元素,该元素以以预定数量的脉冲振幅值的最大空间加权平均为中心的元素。