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1. 发明授权

US5159578A Apparatus for rotating a transducer assembly of a borehole logging tool in a deviated borehole 失效
标题翻译：用于将钻孔测井工具的换能器组件旋转在偏斜钻孔中的装置
公开(公告)号：US5159578A
公开(公告)日：1992-10-27
申请号：US824921
申请日：1992-01-23
申请人： Will K. Lenhardt , Charles L. Dennis , Denis P. Schmitt
发明人： Will K. Lenhardt , Charles L. Dennis , Denis P. Schmitt
IPC分类号： E21B47/022 , E21B47/024 , G01V1/52
CPC分类号： G01V1/52 , E21B47/02208 , E21B47/024
摘要： A borehole logging tool having a dipole acoustic energy source and at least one spaced-apart dipole acoustic energy receiver is lowered into a deviated borehole. A motor rotates the source and receiver about the axis of the borehole tool. A first signal is produced representing source and receiver rotational position relative to a vertical direction. A second signal is produced representing a fixed reference level. A comparator produces a third signal of the difference between the first and second signals. The motor rotates so as to minimize such third signal, thereby maintaining the focus of the source and receiver in a horizontal direction that is perpendicular to the direction of eccentricity of the borehole tool with respect to the borehole axis.
摘要翻译：具有偶极声能源和至少一个间隔开的偶极声能接收器的钻孔测井工具被降低到偏斜的钻孔中。电机围绕钻孔工具的轴旋转源和接收器。产生代表相对于垂直方向的源和接收器旋转位置的第一信号。产生代表固定参考电平的第二信号。比较器产生第一和第二信号之间的差的第三信号。马达旋转以使这种第三信号最小化，从而将源和接收器的焦点保持在垂直于钻孔工具相对于钻孔轴线的偏心方向的水平方向。

2. 发明授权

US5168470A Apparatus for rotating a transducer assembly of a borehole logging tool in a deviated borehole 失效
标题翻译：用于将钻孔测井工具的换能器组件旋转在偏斜钻孔中的装置
公开(公告)号：US5168470A
公开(公告)日：1992-12-01
申请号：US824929
申请日：1992-01-23
申请人： Charles L. Dennis , Denis P. Schmitt
发明人： Charles L. Dennis , Denis P. Schmitt
IPC分类号： G01V1/52
CPC分类号： G01V1/52 , Y10S367/911
摘要： A borehole logging tool having a dipole acoustic energy source and at least one spaced-apart dipole acoustic energy receiver is lowered into a deviated borehole. A motor rotates the source and receiver about the axis of the borehole tool. A first signal is produced representing source and receiver rotational position relative to rotational position of the borehole tool. A second signal is produced representing rotational position of the borehole tool relative to a vertical direction. A comparator produces a third signal of the difference between the first and second signals as a representation of source and receiver rotational position relative to the vertical direction. The motor rotates so as to minimize such third signal, thereby rotating the focus of the source and receiver in a direction perpendicular to the eccentricity of the borehole tool in the deviated borehole.
摘要翻译：具有偶极声能源和至少一个间隔开的偶极声能接收器的钻孔测井工具被降低到偏斜的钻孔中。电机围绕钻孔工具的轴旋转源和接收器。产生代表相对于钻孔工具的旋转位置的源和接收器旋转位置的第一信号。产生表示井眼工具相对于垂直方向的旋转位置的第二信号。比较器产生第一和第二信号之间的差的第三信号，作为相对于垂直方向的源和接收器旋转位置的表示。马达旋转以便使这种第三信号最小化，从而使源和接收器的焦点沿垂直于钻孔工具在偏斜钻孔中的偏心度的方向旋转。

3. 发明授权

US08345509B2 System and method to create three-dimensional images of non-linear acoustic properties in a region remote from a borehole 有权
标题翻译：在远离钻孔的区域中产生非线性声学特性的三维图像的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US08345509B2
公开(公告)日：2013-01-01
申请号：US12463802
申请日：2009-05-11
申请人： Cung Vu , Kurt T. Nihei , Denis P. Schmitt , Christopher Skelt , Paul A. Johnson , Robert Guyer , James A. TenCate , Pierre-Yves Le Bas
发明人： Cung Vu , Kurt T. Nihei , Denis P. Schmitt , Christopher Skelt , Paul A. Johnson , Robert Guyer , James A. TenCate , Pierre-Yves Le Bas
IPC分类号： G01V1/44 , G01V1/50 , G01S1/72
CPC分类号： G01V1/44 , G01V1/006 , G01V2210/125 , G01V2210/127 , G01V2210/588
摘要： In some aspects of the disclosure, a method for creating three-dimensional images of non-linear properties and the compressional to shear velocity ratio in a region remote from a borehole using a conveyed logging tool is disclosed. In some aspects, the method includes arranging a first source in the borehole and generating a steered beam of elastic energy at a first frequency; arranging a second source in the borehole and generating a steerable beam of elastic energy at a second frequency, such that the steerable beam at the first frequency and the steerable beam at the second frequency intercept at a location away from the borehole; receiving at the borehole by a sensor a third elastic wave, created by a three wave mixing process, with a frequency equal to a difference between the first and second frequencies and a direction of propagation towards the borehole; determining a location of a three wave mixing region based on the arrangement of the first and second sources and on properties of the third wave signal; and creating three-dimensional images of the non-linear properties using data recorded by repeating the generating, receiving and determining at a plurality of azimuths, inclinations and longitudinal locations within the borehole. The method is additionally used to generate three dimensional images of the ratio of compressional to shear acoustic velocity of the same volume surrounding the borehole.
摘要翻译：在本公开的一些方面，公开了一种用于使用输送的测井工具在远离钻孔的区域中创建非线性特性的三维图像和压缩剪切速度比的方法。在一些方面，该方法包括在钻孔中布置第一源并且以第一频率产生具有弹性能的转向束; 在钻孔中布置第二源，并在第二频率处产生可转向的弹性能量束，使得在第一频率处的可转向波束和第二频率处的可操纵波束在远离钻孔的位置处截取; 在钻孔处由传感器接收由三波混合过程产生的第三弹性波，其频率等于第一和第二频率之间的差异以及朝向钻孔传播的方向; 基于第一和第二源的布置以及第三波信号的特性来确定三波混频区域的位置; 以及使用通过重复生成，接收和确定钻孔内的多个方位角，倾斜度和纵向位置而记录的数据来创建非线性性质的三维图像。该方法另外用于产生围绕钻孔的相同体积的压缩与剪切声速之比的三维图像。

4. 发明授权

US08125848B2 Acoustic logging-while-drilling tools having a hexapole source configuration and associated logging methods 有权
标题翻译：具有六极源配置和相关测井方法的声学测井同时钻孔工具
公开(公告)号：US08125848B2
公开(公告)日：2012-02-28
申请号：US11062395
申请日：2005-02-22
申请人： Theodorus W. Geerits , Batakrishna Mandal , Denis P. Schmitt
发明人： Theodorus W. Geerits , Batakrishna Mandal , Denis P. Schmitt
IPC分类号： G01V1/00
CPC分类号： G01V1/46 , Y10S367/911
摘要： Multipole acoustic logging-while-drilling (LWD) tools and associated methods are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, the disclosed acoustic LWD tool comprises a transmitter array and at least one receiver array. The transmitter array generates acoustic waves with an excitation pattern having a cutoff frequency greater than about 3 kHz. The receiver array is spaced apart from the transmitter array and is configured to detect said acoustic waves. Some of the disclosed method embodiments comprise: generating multipole acoustic waves in a fluid-filled borehole using an excitation pattern with a cutoff frequency greater than about 3 kHz; selectively detecting acoustic waves that propagate with said excitation pattern; and determining an acoustic shear wave slowness for a formation penetrated by the borehole.
摘要翻译：本文公开了多极声学测井同时钻探（LWD）工具和相关方法。在一些实施例中，所公开的声学LWD工具包括发射器阵列和至少一个接收器阵列。发射器阵列产生具有大于约3kHz的截止频率的激励图案的声波。接收器阵列与发射器阵列间隔开并且被配置为检测所述声波。所公开的方法实施例中的一些包括：使用截止频率大于约3kHz的激励模式在流体填充的钻孔中产生多极声波; 选择性地检测与所述激励图案一起传播的声波; 并确定由钻孔穿透的地层的声剪切波慢度。

5. 发明申请

US20110080805A1 DEVICE AND METHOD FOR GENERATING A BEAM OF ACOUSTIC ENERGY FROM A BOREHOLE, AND APPLICATIONS THEREOF 有权
标题翻译：用于从井眼产生声能的光束的装置和方法及其应用
公开(公告)号：US20110080805A1
公开(公告)日：2011-04-07
申请号：US12793420
申请日：2010-06-03
申请人： Cung Khac Vu , Dipen N. Sinha , Cristian Pantea , Kurt T. Nihei , Denis P. Schmitt , Christopher Skelt
发明人： Cung Khac Vu , Dipen N. Sinha , Cristian Pantea , Kurt T. Nihei , Denis P. Schmitt , Christopher Skelt
IPC分类号： G01V1/48
CPC分类号： G01V1/46
摘要： In some aspects of the invention, a method of generating a beam of acoustic energy in a borehole is disclosed. The method includes generating a first broad-band acoustic pulse at a first broad-band frequency range having a first central frequency and a first bandwidth spread; generating a second broad-band acoustic pulse at a second broad-band frequency range different than the first frequency range having a second central frequency and a second bandwidth spread, wherein the first acoustic pulse and second acoustic pulse are generated by at least one transducer arranged on a tool located within the borehole; and transmitting the first and the second broad-band acoustic pulses into an acoustically non-linear medium, wherein the composition of the non-linear medium produces a collimated pulse by a non-linear mixing of the first and second acoustic pulses, wherein the collimated pulse has a frequency equal to the difference in frequencies between the first central frequency and the second central frequency and a bandwidth spread equal to the sum of the first bandwidth spread and the second bandwidth spread.
摘要翻译：在本发明的一些方面，公开了一种在钻孔中产生声能束的方法。该方法包括：在具有第一中心频率和第一带宽扩展的第一宽带频率范围内产生第一宽带声波脉冲; 在与具有第二中心频率和第二带宽扩展的第一频率范围不同的第二宽带频率范围处产生第二宽带声波脉冲，其中所述第一声脉冲和第二声脉冲由至少一个换能器布置位于钻孔内的工具上; 以及将所述第一和第二宽带声脉冲发送到声学非线性介质中，其中所述非线性介质的组成通过所述第一和第二声学脉冲的非线性混合产生准直脉冲，其中所述准直脉冲的频率等于第一中心频率和第二中心频率之间的频率差，以及等于第一带宽扩展和第二带宽扩展之和的带宽扩展。

6. 发明申请

US20090310441A1 METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR GENERATING A BEAM OF ACOUSTIC ENERGY FROM A BOREHOLE, AND APPLICATIONS THEREOF 有权
标题翻译：用于从井眼产生声波能量的方法和系统及其应用
公开(公告)号：US20090310441A1
公开(公告)日：2009-12-17
申请号：US12137980
申请日：2008-06-12
申请人： Paul A. JOHNSON , James A. Ten Cate , Robert Guyer , Pierre-Yves Le Bas , Cung Vu , Kurt Nihei , Denis P. Schmitt , Christopher Skelt
发明人： Paul A. JOHNSON , James A. Ten Cate , Robert Guyer , Pierre-Yves Le Bas , Cung Vu , Kurt Nihei , Denis P. Schmitt , Christopher Skelt
IPC分类号： G01V1/44
CPC分类号： G01V1/46
摘要： A compact array of transducers is employed as a downhole instrument for acoustic investigation of the surrounding rock formation. The array is operable to generate simultaneously a first acoustic beam signal at a first frequency and a second acoustic beam signal at a second frequency different than the first frequency. These two signals can be oriented through an azimuthal rotation of the array and an inclination rotation using control of the relative phases of the signals from the transmitter elements or electromechanical linkage. Due to the non-linearity of the formation, the first and the second acoustic beam signal mix into the rock formation where they combine into a collimated third signal that propagates in the formation along the same direction than the first and second signals and has a frequency equal to the difference of the first and the second acoustic signals. The third signal is received either within the same borehole, after reflection, or another borehole, after transmission, and analyzed to determine information about rock formation. Recording of the third signal generated along several azimuthal and inclination directions also provides 3D images of the formation, information about 3D distribution of rock formation and fluid properties and an indication of the dynamic acoustic non-linearity of the formation.
摘要翻译：传感器的紧凑阵列被用作井下仪器，用于对周围岩层进行声学研究。阵列可操作以同时产生第一频率处的第一声波束信号和以与第一频率不同的第二频率的第二声束信号。这两个信号可以通过阵列的方位角旋转定向，并且通过使用来自发射器元件或机电连杆的信号的相对相位的控制来定位倾斜旋转。由于形成的非线性，第一和第二声束信号混合到岩层中，在那里它们组合成沿着与第一和第二信号相同的方向在地层中传播的准直的第三信号，并且具有频率等于第一和第二声信号的差。第三个信号在相同的钻孔，反射后或另一个钻孔中，在传输之后被接收并且被分析以确定关于岩层的信息。沿着几个方位和倾斜方向产生的第三信号的记录还提供了地层的3D图像，关于岩层的3D分布和流体性质的信息以及地层的动态声学非线性的指示。

7. 发明授权

US07116182B2 Method and system for downhole clock having compensation 有权
标题翻译：井下时钟的补偿方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US07116182B2
公开(公告)日：2006-10-03
申请号：US10453411
申请日：2003-06-03
申请人： Georgios L. Varsamis , Gary D. Althoff , Laurence T. Wisniewski , Denis P. Schmitt , Abbas Arian , James H. Dudley
发明人： Georgios L. Varsamis , Gary D. Althoff , Laurence T. Wisniewski , Denis P. Schmitt , Abbas Arian , James H. Dudley
IPC分类号： H03B5/32 , H03B5/04 , G01V1/40
CPC分类号： E21B47/011 , H03L1/02
摘要： A downhole crystal-based clock that is substantially insensitive to the factors that cause frequency deviation. The clock may be maintained at a predetermined temperature using a temperature sensing device and a heating device, where the predetermined temperature corresponds to the temperature at which the crystal experiences only slight frequency deviation as a function of temperature. A microprocessor may monitor the clock and compensate for long-term aging effects of the crystal according to a predetermined algorithm. The predetermined algorithm may represent long-term aging effects of the crystal which were derived by comparing the crystal clock to a more accurate clock (e.g., an atomic clock) prior to placing the clock downhole. In this manner, the crystal-based clock may be substantially free from the factors that cause frequency, and therefore time variations.
摘要翻译：基于井下晶体的时钟，对引起频率偏差的因素基本不敏感。可以使用温度感测装置和加热装置将时钟保持在预定温度，其中预定温度对应于晶体仅作为温度的函数的轻微的频率偏差的温度。微处理器可以监视时钟并根据预定算法补偿晶体的长期老化效应。预定算法可以表示通过在将时钟放置在井下之前将晶体时钟与更准确的时钟（例如，原子钟）进行比较而导出的晶体的长期老化效应。以这种方式，基于晶体的时钟可以基本上没有引起频率的因素，并且因此也是时间变化的因素。

8. 发明授权

US08289808B2 System and method to estimate compressional to shear velocity (VP/VS) ratio in a region remote from a borehole 有权
标题翻译：估计远离钻孔的区域的压缩剪切速度（VP / VS）比的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US08289808B2
公开(公告)日：2012-10-16
申请号：US12463796
申请日：2009-05-11
申请人： Cung Vu , Kurt T. Nihei , Denis P. Schmitt , Christopher Skelt , Paul A. Johnson , Robert Guyer , James A. TenCate , Pierre-Yves Le Bas
发明人： Cung Vu , Kurt T. Nihei , Denis P. Schmitt , Christopher Skelt , Paul A. Johnson , Robert Guyer , James A. TenCate , Pierre-Yves Le Bas
IPC分类号： G01V1/00
CPC分类号： G01V1/44 , G01V1/006 , G01V2210/125 , G01V2210/127 , G01V2210/588
摘要： In some aspects of the disclosure, a method for creating three-dimensional images of non-linear properties and the compressional to shear velocity ratio in a region remote from a borehole using a conveyed logging tool is disclosed. In some aspects, the method includes arranging a first source in the borehole and generating a steered beam of elastic energy at a first frequency; arranging a second source in the borehole and generating a steerable beam of elastic energy at a second frequency, such that the steerable beam at the first frequency and the steerable beam at the second frequency intercept at a location away from the borehole; receiving at the borehole by a sensor a third elastic wave, created by a three wave mixing process, with a frequency equal to a difference between the first and second frequencies and a direction of propagation towards the borehole; determining a location of a three wave mixing region based on the arrangement of the first and second sources and on properties of the third wave signal; and creating three-dimensional images of the non-linear properties using data recorded by repeating the generating, receiving and determining at a plurality of azimuths, inclinations and longitudinal locations within the borehole. The method is additionally used to generate three dimensional images of the ratio of compressional to shear acoustic velocity of the same volume surrounding the borehole.
摘要翻译：在本公开的一些方面，公开了一种用于使用输送的测井工具在远离钻孔的区域中创建非线性特性的三维图像和压缩剪切速度比的方法。在一些方面，该方法包括在钻孔中布置第一源并且以第一频率产生具有弹性能的转向束; 在钻孔中布置第二源，并在第二频率处产生可转向的弹性能量束，使得在第一频率处的可转向波束和第二频率处的可操纵波束在远离钻孔的位置处截取; 在钻孔处由传感器接收由三波混合过程产生的第三弹性波，其频率等于第一和第二频率之间的差异以及朝向钻孔传播的方向; 基于第一和第二源的布置以及第三波信号的特性来确定三波混频区域的位置; 以及使用通过重复生成，接收和确定钻孔内的多个方位角，倾斜度和纵向位置而记录的数据来创建非线性性质的三维图像。该方法另外用于产生围绕钻孔的相同体积的压缩与剪切声速之比的三维图像。

9. 发明授权

US08116167B2 Method and system for generating a beam of acoustic energy from a borehole, and applications thereof 有权
标题翻译：用于从钻孔产生声能束的方法和系统及其应用
公开(公告)号：US08116167B2
公开(公告)日：2012-02-14
申请号：US12137980
申请日：2008-06-12
申请人： Paul A. Johnson , James A. Ten Cate , Robert Guyer , Pierre-Yves Le Bas , Cung Vu , Kurt Nihei , Denis P. Schmitt , Christopher Skelt
发明人： Paul A. Johnson , James A. Ten Cate , Robert Guyer , Pierre-Yves Le Bas , Cung Vu , Kurt Nihei , Denis P. Schmitt , Christopher Skelt
IPC分类号： G01V1/50 , G01V1/44
CPC分类号： G01V1/46
摘要： A compact array of transducers is employed as a downhole instrument for acoustic investigation of the surrounding rock formation. The array is operable to generate simultaneously a first acoustic beam signal at a first frequency and a second acoustic beam signal at a second frequency different than the first frequency. These two signals can be oriented through an azimuthal rotation of the array and an inclination rotation using control of the relative phases of the signals from the transmitter elements or electromechanical linkage. Due to the non-linearity of the formation, the first and the second acoustic beam signal mix into the rock formation where they combine into a collimated third signal that propagates in the formation along the same direction than the first and second signals and has a frequency equal to the difference of the first and the second acoustic signals. The third signal is received either within the same borehole, after reflection, or another borehole, after transmission, and analyzed to determine information about rock formation. Recording of the third signal generated along several azimuthal and inclination directions also provides 3D images of the formation, information about 3D distribution of rock formation and fluid properties and an indication of the dynamic acoustic non-linearity of the formation.
摘要翻译：传感器的紧凑阵列被用作井下仪器，用于对周围岩层进行声学研究。阵列可操作以同时产生第一频率处的第一声波束信号和以与第一频率不同的第二频率的第二声束信号。这两个信号可以通过阵列的方位角旋转定向，并且通过使用来自发射器元件或机电连杆的信号的相对相位的控制来定位倾斜旋转。由于形成的非线性，第一和第二声束信号混合到岩层中，在那里它们组合成沿着与第一和第二信号相同的方向在地层中传播的准直的第三信号，并且具有频率等于第一和第二声信号的差。第三个信号在相同的钻孔，反射后或另一个钻孔中，在传输之后被接收并且被分析以确定关于岩层的信息。沿着几个方位和倾斜方向产生的第三信号的记录还提供了地层的3D图像，关于岩层的3D分布和流体性质的信息以及地层的动态声学非线性的指示。

10. 发明授权

US07839718B2 Device and method for generating a beam of acoustic energy from a borehole, and applications thereof 有权
标题翻译：用于从井眼产生声能束的装置和方法及其应用
公开(公告)号：US07839718B2
公开(公告)日：2010-11-23
申请号：US12166842
申请日：2008-07-02
申请人： Cung Khac Vu , Dipen N. Sinha , Cristian Pantea , Kurt Nihei , Denis P. Schmitt , Christopher Skelt
发明人： Cung Khac Vu , Dipen N. Sinha , Cristian Pantea , Kurt Nihei , Denis P. Schmitt , Christopher Skelt
IPC分类号： G01V1/38 , G01V1/40 , H04B1/02
CPC分类号： G01V1/46
摘要： In some aspects of the invention, a device, positioned within a well bore, configured to generate and direct an acoustic beam into a rock formation around a borehole is disclosed. The device comprises a source configured to generate a first signal at a first frequency and a second signal at a second frequency; a transducer configured to receive the generated first and the second signals and produce acoustic waves at the first frequency and the second frequency; and a non-linear material, coupled to the transducer, configured to generate a collimated beam with a frequency equal to the difference between the first frequency and the second frequency by a non-linear mixing process, wherein the non-linear material includes one or more of a mixture of liquids, a solid, a granular material, embedded microspheres, or an emulsion.
摘要翻译：在本发明的一些方面，公开了一种定位在井眼内的装置，其被配置为产生并将声束引导到围绕钻孔的岩层中。该装置包括被配置为以第一频率产生第一信号的源和处于第二频率的第二信号; 被配置为接收产生的第一和第二信号并产生处于第一频率和第二频率的声波的换能器; 以及耦合到所述换能器的非线性材料，被配置为通过非线性混合过程产生具有等于所述第一频率和所述第二频率之间的差的频率的准直束，其中所述非线性材料包括一个或更多的液体，固体，颗粒材料，嵌入的微球体或乳液的混合物。

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