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1. 发明授权

US07101175B2 Anode tailgas oxidizer 有权
标题翻译：阳极尾气氧化器
公开(公告)号：US07101175B2
公开(公告)日：2006-09-05
申请号：US10407290
申请日：2003-04-04
申请人： Vijay Anant Deshpande , Curtis L. Krause , Paul Francis Martin , Kevin Hoa Nguyen , James F. Stevens , William Spencer Wheat
发明人： Vijay Anant Deshpande , Curtis L. Krause , Paul Francis Martin , Kevin Hoa Nguyen , James F. Stevens , William Spencer Wheat
IPC分类号： F24H7/02
CPC分类号： F23C13/02 , C01B3/34 , C01B2203/066 , C01B2203/0811 , C01B2203/0822 , C01B2203/1258 , F23C13/00 , F23C2900/03002 , F23D14/66 , F23L2900/07009 , H01M8/0631 , Y02E20/348 , Y02P20/128 , Y02P70/56 , Y10T29/49348
摘要： A combustor for oxidizing a combustion fuel and pre-heating one or more reactants for fuel reforming. The combustor includes an elongated housing having an inlet for receiving a combustion fuel and an outlet for exhausting combustion products. The elongated housing further includes a cylindrical side wall, a bottom wall, and a top wall. Inert particles are disposed within the housing adjacent the inlet. A combustion catalyst bed is disposed within the housing above the inert particles that is a mixture of inert particles and combustion catalyst. The inert particles and the combustion catalyst preferably have a volumetric ratio of inert particles to catalyst between about 2:1 and about 4:1. The combustor has at least one heat exchanger within the combustion catalyst bed for heating a reformer reactant and generating steam. Preferably, the combustor includes at least two heat exchangers within the combustion catalyst bed, the heat exchanging elements have different surface areas. The combustor can include at least one sensor for measuring temperature within the combustor, and preferably the reactor includes two or more sensors for measuring temperature at two or more locations within the combustion catalyst bed. A power-generating apparatus comprising the combustor, a fuel processor and fuel cell is also provided. Methods for pre-heating a reactant and generating steam for use in a fuel reformer and for manufacturing a combustor for use in fuel reforming are provided.
摘要翻译：一种用于氧化燃烧燃料并预热一种或多种用于燃料重整的反应物的燃烧器。燃烧器包括具有用于接收燃烧燃料的入口和用于排出燃烧产物的出口的细长壳体。细长壳体还包括圆柱形侧壁，底壁和顶壁。惰性颗粒被布置在邻近入口的壳体内。燃烧催化剂床设置在惰性颗粒之外的壳体内，惰性颗粒是惰性颗粒和燃烧催化剂的混合物。惰性颗粒和燃烧催化剂优选惰性颗粒与催化剂的体积比在约2:1和约4:1之间。燃烧器具有在燃烧催化剂床内的至少一个热交换器，用于加热重整器反应物并产生蒸汽。优选地，燃烧器在燃烧催化剂床内包括至少两个热交换器，热交换元件具有不同的表面积。燃烧器可以包括至少一个用于测量燃烧室内的温度的传感器，并且优选地，反应器包括用于测量燃烧催化剂床内的两个或多个位置处的温度的两个或更多个传感器。还提供了包括燃烧器，燃料处理器和燃料电池的发电设备。提供了用于预热反应物并产生用于燃料重整器中的蒸汽并用于制造用于燃料重整的燃烧器的方法。

2. 发明授权

US08211387B2 Anode tailgas oxidizer 有权
标题翻译：阳极尾气氧化器
公开(公告)号：US08211387B2
公开(公告)日：2012-07-03
申请号：US11487731
申请日：2006-07-17
申请人： Vijay Anant Deshpande , Curtis L. Krause , Paul Francis Martin , Kevin Hoa Nguyen , James F. Stevens , William Spencer Wheat
发明人： Vijay Anant Deshpande , Curtis L. Krause , Paul Francis Martin , Kevin Hoa Nguyen , James F. Stevens , William Spencer Wheat
IPC分类号： B01J10/00 , B01J8/04
CPC分类号： F23C13/02 , C01B3/34 , C01B2203/066 , C01B2203/0811 , C01B2203/0822 , C01B2203/1258 , F23C13/00 , F23C2900/03002 , F23D14/66 , F23L2900/07009 , H01M8/0631 , Y02E20/348 , Y02P20/128 , Y02P70/56 , Y10T29/49348
摘要： A combustor for oxidizing a combustion fuel and pre-heating one or more reactants for fuel reforming. The combustor includes an elongated housing having an inlet for receiving a combustion fuel and an outlet for exhausting combustion products. The elongated housing further includes a cylindrical side wall, a bottom wall, and a top wall. Inert particles are disposed within the housing adjacent the inlet. A combustion catalyst bed is disposed within the housing above the inert particles that is a mixture of inert particles and combustion catalyst. The inert particles and the combustion catalyst preferably have a volumetric ratio of inert particles to catalyst between about 2:1 and about 4:1. The combustor has at least one heat exchanger within the combustion catalyst bed for heating a reformer reactant and generating steam. Preferably, the combustor includes at least two heat exchangers within the combustion catalyst bed, the heat exchanging elements have different surface areas. The combustor can include at least one sensor for measuring temperature within the combustor, and preferably the reactor includes two or more sensors for measuring temperature at two or more locations within the combustion catalyst bed. A power-generating apparatus comprising the combustor, a fuel processor and fuel cell is also provided. Methods for pre-heating a reactant and generating steam for use in a fuel reformer and for manufacturing a combustor for use in fuel reforming are provided.
摘要翻译：一种用于氧化燃烧燃料并预热一种或多种用于燃料重整的反应物的燃烧器。燃烧器包括具有用于接收燃烧燃料的入口和用于排出燃烧产物的出口的细长壳体。细长壳体还包括圆柱形侧壁，底壁和顶壁。惰性颗粒被布置在邻近入口的壳体内。燃烧催化剂床设置在惰性颗粒之外的壳体内，惰性颗粒是惰性颗粒和燃烧催化剂的混合物。惰性颗粒和燃烧催化剂优选惰性颗粒与催化剂的体积比在约2:1和约4:1之间。燃烧器具有在燃烧催化剂床内的至少一个热交换器，用于加热重整器反应物并产生蒸汽。优选地，燃烧器在燃烧催化剂床内包括至少两个热交换器，热交换元件具有不同的表面积。燃烧器可以包括至少一个用于测量燃烧室内的温度的传感器，并且优选地，反应器包括用于测量燃烧催化剂床内的两个或多个位置处的温度的两个或更多个传感器。还提供了包括燃烧器，燃料处理器和燃料电池的发电设备。提供了用于预热反应物并产生用于燃料重整器中的蒸汽并用于制造用于燃料重整的燃烧器的方法。

3. 发明授权

US08354081B2 Portable fuel processor apparatus and enclosure and method of installing same 失效
标题翻译：便携式燃料处理器装置及其安装方法
公开(公告)号：US08354081B2
公开(公告)日：2013-01-15
申请号：US10407316
申请日：2003-04-04
申请人： William Spencer Wheat , James F. Stevens , Curtis L. Krause , Jeffrey A. Hedges , Eric G. Pow
发明人： William Spencer Wheat , James F. Stevens , Curtis L. Krause , Jeffrey A. Hedges , Eric G. Pow
IPC分类号： B01J8/00
CPC分类号： C01B3/382 , B01J8/02 , B01J19/0006 , B01J2208/00079 , B01J2219/00011 , B01J2219/00022 , B01J2219/00182 , B01J2219/00268 , B01J2219/0027 , C01B2203/0244 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/044 , C01B2203/047 , C01B2203/066 , C01B2203/0844 , C01B2203/1005 , C01B2203/1023 , C01B2203/1064 , C01B2203/1241 , C01B2203/127 , C01B2203/1276 , C01B2203/142 , C01B2203/82 , H01M8/04097 , H01M8/0618 , H01M8/0631 , H01M8/2475 , H01M2250/30 , Y02B90/18
摘要： A portable fuel processing apparatus and enclosure including an enclosure having an outer wall that defines an interior space and provides a gas impermeable barrier. Attached to the enclosure is porting means for use in moving the enclosure from one location to another. A fuel reformer capable of providing sufficient hydrogen-rich reformate to a fuel cell stack for use in generating at least about 1 kW per hour is disposed within the enclosure. An optional gas detection system includes a sensor disposed within the enclosure to monitor the interior of the enclosure for presence of combustible gases. The portable apparatus can have a number of connectors for connecting the enclosure and the fuel processing systems to a source of a reformer fuel and water as well as a domestic drain. Preferred sources of fuel and water are common utility lines available in buildings. Additional connectors can be provided to couple the fuel processor with a fuel cell, for used in delivering a reformate stream, air stream and circulating cooling medium to a fuel cell and for returning a fuel cell exhaust stream to the enclosure. Moreover, the portable fuel processing apparatus and enclosure can further include connectors for establishing electronic communications with a remote process control unit. A method of installing the portable fuel processing apparatus is also provided.
摘要翻译：一种便携式燃料处理装置和外壳，包括具有限定内部空间并提供气体不可渗透屏障的外壁的外壳。附着在外壳上的是用于将外壳从一个位置移动到另一个位置的移动装置。能够向燃料电池堆提供足够的富氢重整产品，用于每小时生产至少约1千瓦的燃料重整器设置在外壳内。可选的气体检测系统包括设置在外壳内的传感器，以监测外壳的内部是否存在可燃气体。便携式设备可以具有多个用于将外壳和燃料处理系统连接到重整器燃料和水以及国内排放源的连接器。燃料和水的首选来源是建筑物中可用的通用电力线路。可以提供附加的连接器以将燃料处理器与燃料电池连接，用于将重整物流，空气流和循环冷却介质输送到燃料电池并用于将燃料电池排气流返回到外壳。此外，便携式燃料处理装置和外壳还可以包括用于与远程过程控制单元建立电子通信的连接器。还提供了一种安装便携式燃料处理装置的方法。

4. 发明授权

US07857875B2 Autothermal reforming in a fuel processor utilizing non-pyrophoric shift catalyst 有权
标题翻译：使用非自燃变换催化剂的燃料处理器中的热重整
公开(公告)号：US07857875B2
公开(公告)日：2010-12-28
申请号：US11432068
申请日：2006-05-11
申请人： W. Spencer Wheat , Vesna R. Mirkovic , Kevin H. Nguyen , Curtis L. Krause , James F. Stevens , Daniel G. Casey
发明人： W. Spencer Wheat , Vesna R. Mirkovic , Kevin H. Nguyen , Curtis L. Krause , James F. Stevens , Daniel G. Casey
IPC分类号： C01B3/36 , C10J3/46 , C10J3/54 , H01M8/06 , H01M8/04 , F23N5/20 , F23N5/22 , F23N5/00 , F23D11/38
CPC分类号： B01J8/0453 , B01J8/025 , B01J8/0496 , B01J19/0013 , B01J19/0033 , B01J19/24 , B01J2208/00132 , B01J2208/00141 , B01J2208/00203 , B01J2208/00398 , B01J2208/00415 , B01J2208/0053 , B01J2208/00646 , B01J2208/00716 , B01J2208/00849 , B01J2219/00263 , C01B3/382 , C01B3/48 , C01B2203/0244 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/066 , C01B2203/0844 , C01B2203/127 , C01B2203/1604 , C01B2203/1609 , C01B2203/1619 , C01B2203/169 , H01M8/0618 , H01M8/0668 , H01M2008/1095
摘要： A method for start-up and shut down of a fuel processor including an autothermal reformer employing a non-pyrophoric shift catalyst is disclosed. Also disclosed are a computer programmed to start-up or shut down a fuel processor including an autothermal reformer employing a non-pyrophoric shift catalyst or a program storage medium encoded with instruction that, when executed by a computer, start-up or shut down a fuel processor including an autothermal reformer employing a non-pyrophoric shift catalyst.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于启动和关闭包括使用非自发变换催化剂的自热重整器的燃料处理器的方法。还公开了一种被编程为启动或关闭燃料处理器的计算机，该燃料处理器包括采用非自燃变换催化剂的自热重整器或编码有指令的程序存储介质，当由计算机执行时，启动或关闭燃料处理器包括采用非自燃变换催化剂的自热重整器。

5. 发明授权

US07081144B2 Autothermal reforming in a fuel processor utilizing non-pyrophoric shift catalyst 失效
标题翻译：使用非自燃变换催化剂的燃料处理器中的热重整
公开(公告)号：US07081144B2
公开(公告)日：2006-07-25
申请号：US10408001
申请日：2003-04-04
申请人： W. Spencer Wheat , Vesna R. Mirkovic , Kevin H. Nguyen , Curtis L. Krause , James F. Stevens , Daniel G. Casey
发明人： W. Spencer Wheat , Vesna R. Mirkovic , Kevin H. Nguyen , Curtis L. Krause , James F. Stevens , Daniel G. Casey
IPC分类号： C01B3/36
CPC分类号： B01J8/0453 , B01J8/025 , B01J8/0496 , B01J19/0013 , B01J19/0033 , B01J19/24 , B01J2208/00132 , B01J2208/00141 , B01J2208/00203 , B01J2208/00398 , B01J2208/00415 , B01J2208/0053 , B01J2208/00646 , B01J2208/00716 , B01J2208/00849 , B01J2219/00263 , C01B3/382 , C01B3/48 , C01B2203/0244 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/066 , C01B2203/0844 , C01B2203/127 , C01B2203/1604 , C01B2203/1609 , C01B2203/1619 , C01B2203/169 , H01M8/0618 , H01M8/0668 , H01M2008/1095
摘要： A method for start-up and shut down of a fuel processor including an autothermal reformer employing a non-pyrophoric shift catalyst is disclosed. Also disclosed are a computer programmed to start-up or shut down a fuel processor including an autothermal reformer employing a non-pyrophoric shift catalyst or a program storage medium encoded with instruction that, when executed by a computer, start-up or shut down a fuel processor including an autothermal reformer employing a non-pyrophoric shift catalyst.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于启动和关闭包括使用非自发变换催化剂的自热重整器的燃料处理器的方法。还公开了一种被编程为启动或关闭燃料处理器的计算机，该燃料处理器包括采用非自燃变换催化剂的自热重整器或编码有指令的程序存储介质，当由计算机执行时，启动或关闭燃料处理器包括采用非自燃变换催化剂的自热重整器。

6. 发明申请

US20080145309A1 Fluidized Bed System for Single Step Reforming for the Production of Hydrogen 有权
标题翻译：用于氢气生产的单步重整流化床系统
公开(公告)号：US20080145309A1
公开(公告)日：2008-06-19
申请号：US11611638
申请日：2006-12-15
申请人： Farshad Bavarian , James F. Stevens , Balaji Krishnamurty , Yunquan Liu , Curtis L. Krause , Lixin You , Daniel G. Casey
发明人： Farshad Bavarian , James F. Stevens , Balaji Krishnamurty , Yunquan Liu , Curtis L. Krause , Lixin You , Daniel G. Casey
IPC分类号： F27B15/00
CPC分类号： F27B15/00 , B01J8/0055 , B01J8/1809 , B01J8/1863 , B01J2208/00292 , B01J2208/00752 , B01J2208/00761 , C01B3/44 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/0244 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/0425 , C01B2203/0475 , C01B2203/1052 , C01B2203/1064 , C01B2203/107 , C01B2203/1094 , C01B2203/1241 , C01B2203/1247 , C01B2203/1276 , C01B2203/148 , C01B2203/86 , C01F11/18 , Y02P10/122 , Y02P10/143 , Y02P30/30
摘要： The present invention discloses a fluidized bed system for the single step reforming technology for the production of hydrogen. Single step reforming combines the steam methane reforming, water gas shift, and carbon dioxide removal in a single step process of hydrogen generation. In the present invention, to address the heat transfer and the replenishment issues associated with single step reforming, the sorbent particles are fluidized. This fluidization allows the sorbent particles to be regenerated and consequently allows the optimal operating conditions for single step reforming to be maintained.
摘要翻译：本发明公开了一种用于生产氢气的单步重整技术的流化床系统。单步重整在氢气生成的一个单步过程中结合蒸汽甲烷重整，水煤气变换和二氧化碳去除。在本发明中，为了解决与单步重整相关的传热和补充问题，吸附剂颗粒被流化。这种流化允许吸附剂颗粒再生，因此允许保持单步重整的最佳操作条件。

7. 发明授权

US08241374B2 Fluidized bed system for single step reforming for the production of hydrogen 有权
标题翻译：用于氢气生产的单步重整流化床系统
公开(公告)号：US08241374B2
公开(公告)日：2012-08-14
申请号：US11611638
申请日：2006-12-15
申请人： Farshad Bavarian , James F. Stevens , Balaji Krishnamurty , Yunquan Liu , Curtis L. Krause , Lixin You , Daniel G. Casey
发明人： Farshad Bavarian , James F. Stevens , Balaji Krishnamurty , Yunquan Liu , Curtis L. Krause , Lixin You , Daniel G. Casey
IPC分类号： B01J7/00 , C01B3/36 , B01D59/26
CPC分类号： F27B15/00 , B01J8/0055 , B01J8/1809 , B01J8/1863 , B01J2208/00292 , B01J2208/00752 , B01J2208/00761 , C01B3/44 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/0244 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/0425 , C01B2203/0475 , C01B2203/1052 , C01B2203/1064 , C01B2203/107 , C01B2203/1094 , C01B2203/1241 , C01B2203/1247 , C01B2203/1276 , C01B2203/148 , C01B2203/86 , C01F11/18 , Y02P10/122 , Y02P10/143 , Y02P30/30
摘要： The present invention discloses a fluidized bed system for the single step reforming technology for the production of hydrogen. Single step reforming combines the steam methane reforming, water gas shift, and carbon dioxide removal in a single step process of hydrogen generation. In the present invention, to address the heat transfer and the replenishment issues associated with single step reforming, the sorbent particles are fluidized. This fluidization allows the sorbent particles to be regenerated and consequently allows the optimal operating conditions for single step reforming to be maintained.
摘要翻译：本发明公开了一种用于生产氢气的单步重整技术的流化床系统。单步重整在氢气生成的一个单步过程中结合蒸汽甲烷重整，水煤气变换和二氧化碳去除。在本发明中，为了解决与单步重整相关的传热和补充问题，吸附剂颗粒被流化。这种流化允许吸附剂颗粒再生，因此允许保持单步重整的最佳操作条件。

8. 发明授权

US07022149B2 Single chamber compact fuel processor 失效
公开(公告)号：US07022149B2
公开(公告)日：2006-04-04
申请号：US10023313
申请日：2001-12-13
申请人： Curtis L. Krause , James F. Stevens , Jennifer L. Phan
发明人： Curtis L. Krause , James F. Stevens , Jennifer L. Phan
IPC分类号： B01J7/00
CPC分类号： B01J8/0453 , B01J8/0496 , B01J19/2485 , B01J2208/00141 , B01J2208/0053 , B01J2208/00884 , B01J2219/00083 , B01J2219/00159 , C01B3/382 , C01B3/48 , C01B2203/0244 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/044 , C01B2203/045 , C01B2203/047 , C01B2203/0485 , C01B2203/0833 , C01B2203/0844 , C01B2203/085 , C01B2203/0883 , C01B2203/1011 , C01B2203/1023 , C01B2203/142 , C01B2203/82 , H01M8/0612
摘要： An apparatus for carrying out a multi-step process of converting hydrocarbon fuel to a substantially pure hydrogen gas feed includes a plurality of reaction zones arranged in a common reaction chamber. The multi-step process includes: providing a fuel to the fuel processor so that as the fuel reacts and forms the hydrogen rich gas, the intermediate gas products pass through each reaction zone as arranged in the reactor to produce the hydrogen rich gas.

9. 发明申请

US20140230317A1 In-Situ Upgrading Of Biomass Pyrolysis Vapor Using Water-Gas Shift And Hydroprocessing 审中-公开
标题翻译：使用水煤气转换和加氢处理原位升级生物质热解蒸气
公开(公告)号：US20140230317A1
公开(公告)日：2014-08-21
申请号：US13772738
申请日：2013-02-21
申请人： Yunquan Liu , Armando Joseph Belardinelli , Curtis L. Krause
发明人： Yunquan Liu , Armando Joseph Belardinelli , Curtis L. Krause
IPC分类号： C10L1/18
CPC分类号： C10L1/02 , C10B49/10 , C10B53/02 , C10G3/46 , C10G2300/4006 , C10G2300/4012 , C10G2300/42 , C10K1/026 , C10K3/02 , C10K3/04 , C10L1/023 , C10L2200/0423 , C10L2200/0469 , C10L2270/023 , C10L2290/02 , C10L2290/562 , Y02E50/14 , Y02P20/145 , Y02P30/20
摘要： Processes for thermal conversion of biomass are provided. The processes involve upgrading the pyrolysis vapor from a pyrolysis reactor. The steps include thermally converting a biomass feedstock in a pyrolysis reactor, recovering a pyrolysis vapor from the reactor, passing the pyrolysis vapor in contact with a water-gas shift reaction catalyst and a hydrotreating catalyst, and converting the resulting upgraded pyrolysis vapor into a liquid product. The resulting biooil liquid product is more refined, and the overall processes offer economic and energy efficiency.
摘要翻译：提供了生物质热转化方法。这些方法包括从热解反应器升级热解蒸气。这些步骤包括在热解反应器中热转化生物质原料，从反应器回收热解蒸气，使热解蒸汽与水煤气变换反应催化剂和加氢处理催化剂接触，并将所得升级的热解蒸汽转化成液体产品。所得的生物油液体产品更加精炼，整个过程提供经济和能源效率。

10. 发明授权

US07572304B2 Apparatus and method for preferential oxidation of carbon monoxide 失效
标题翻译：优先氧化一氧化碳的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US07572304B2
公开(公告)日：2009-08-11
申请号：US10951948
申请日：2004-09-28
申请人： W. Spencer Wheat , Daniel G. Casey , Curtis L. Krause , Marshall D. Wier , David W. Harrison, Sr.
发明人： W. Spencer Wheat , Daniel G. Casey , Curtis L. Krause , Marshall D. Wier , David W. Harrison, Sr.
IPC分类号： C10L3/00
CPC分类号： B01J8/0285 , B01J8/008 , B01J8/025 , B01J8/065 , B01J8/067 , B01J19/248 , B01J2208/00061 , B01J2208/0007 , B01J2208/0015 , B01J2208/00203 , B01J2208/00716 , B01J2208/00884 , B01J2219/00038 , C01B3/583 , C01B2203/044 , C01B2203/047
摘要： An apparatus and method for the preferential oxidation of carbon monoxide in a hydrogen-rich fluid. The apparatus utilizes one or more reactors that are dimensioned to optimize the exothermic oxidation reaction and the transfer of heat to and from the catalyst bed. A reactor of the apparatus has an elongated cylindrical catalyst bed and heat transfer means adjacent the catalyst bed. The heat transfer means is suitable for pre-heating the catalyst bed during start-up operations and for removing the heat from the catalyst bed during the oxidation reaction. One or more reactors of different dimensions may be utilized depending upon the pressure of the hydrogen-rich fluid to be directed into the apparatus and the pressure requirements for the carbon monoxide-depleted fluid exiting the apparatus. For instance, in low pressure operations where it may be desirable to minimize the pressure drop across the apparatus, two or more reactors having relatively smaller dimensions can be utilized. In higher pressure operations where pressure drop across the preferential oxidation apparatus is of less concern, a single reactor having larger dimensions may be utilized. The relatively narrow dimension of the catalyst bed coupled with the relatively large surface are used for heat transfer provides for more uniform temperatures within the catalyst bed and improved temperature control of the bed.
摘要翻译：一种在富含氢气的流体中优先氧化一氧化碳的装置和方法。该装置使用一个或多个反应器，其尺寸被设计成优化放热氧化反应和向催化剂床转移热量。设备的反应器具有细长的圆柱形催化剂床和靠近催化剂床的热传递装置。传热装置适于在启动操作期间预催化催化剂床并在氧化反应期间从催化剂床除去热量。取决于要引入设备的富氢流体的压力和离开设备的一氧化碳贫化流体的压力要求，可以使用不同尺寸的一个或多个反应器。例如，在可能期望使装置上的压降最小化的低压操作中，可以使用具有相对较小尺寸的两个或多个反应器。在较高压力的操作中，优先氧化设备的压降较不重要，可以使用具有较大尺寸的单个反应器。催化剂床与相对较大的表面相对较窄的尺寸用于传热，从而在催化剂床内提供更均匀的温度并改善床的温度控制。

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