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1. 发明授权

US5750901A Optical fiber apparatus and method for measuring geological strains 失效
标题翻译：光纤设备及地质应变测量方法
公开(公告)号：US5750901A
公开(公告)日：1998-05-12
申请号：US483006
申请日：1995-06-07
申请人： Victor Vali , I-Fu Shih , Kenn S. Bates
发明人： Victor Vali , I-Fu Shih , Kenn S. Bates
IPC分类号： G01B11/16 , G01L1/24 , G01M11/08
CPC分类号： G01M11/086 , G01B11/18 , G01L1/242
摘要： A measurement optical fiber is placed into contact with a geological structure, and a reference optical fiber of about the same length is not contacted to the geological structure. An input beam of light is transmitted down the lengths of the measurement and reference optical fibers, and the interference fringes formed between the reflected beams in the two optical fibers are counted to determine the geological displacement, and thence the geologic strain, experienced by the measurement optical fiber. Preferably, multiple pairs of the measurement and reference optical fibers are used, the optical fibers of the various pairs being of different lengths. The difference in displacement measured by any two pairs is a measure of the geological strain in the region between the ends of the two pairs. The multiple pairs are conveniently provided in two optical fiber cables, a measurement cable which contacts the geological structure and a reference cable which extends parallel and adjacent to the measurement cable.
摘要翻译：测量光纤被放置成与地质结构接触，并且大约相同长度的参考光纤不与地质结构接触。输入光束沿测量和参考光纤的长度传输，并且计数在两根光纤中的反射光束之间形成的干涉条纹以确定地质位移，并且由此测量经历的地质应变光纤。优选地，使用多对测量和参考光纤，各对的光纤具有不同的长度。通过任何两对测量的位移差异是两对端部之间区域的地质应变的量度。多对方便地设置在两条光纤电缆中，一条接触地质结构的测量电缆和一条与测量电缆并联延伸的参考电缆。

2. 发明授权

US5179028A Antibody coated crystal chemical sensor 失效
标题翻译：抗菌涂层水晶化学传感器
公开(公告)号：US5179028A
公开(公告)日：1993-01-12
申请号：US511707
申请日：1990-04-20
申请人： Victor Vali , Kenn S. Bates , David B. Chang , Brian M. Pierce
发明人： Victor Vali , Kenn S. Bates , David B. Chang , Brian M. Pierce
IPC分类号： G01N9/00 , G01N33/53 , G01N33/543 , G01N33/552
CPC分类号： G01N33/5308 , G01N33/54373 , G01N33/552 , Y10S436/806 , Y10S436/908 , Y10S73/04
摘要： A sensor for detecting the presence of a particular chemical by determining the absolute frequency shift in the oscillating frequency of an antibody-coated oscillator. Specific antibodies deposited on a high Q crystal oscillator detect the change in frequency as chemical particulates become trapped by the antibodies and change the effective mass of the crystal. In one embodiment, two oscillating crystals are used, one that has been coated with the antibodies, and one that is uncoated. This permits detection of frequency differences between the oscillating frequencies of the two crystals, thus eliminating pressure, temperature, and humidity corrections that conventionally must be made. The sensor maintains a high specificity by using antibodies that are specifically related to the chemical to be detected, while achieving relatively good sensitivity by using high Q oscillators, such as quartz or sapphire, and eliminating drift problems due to temperature, pressure, and humidity. In a second embodiment, a single crystal is used having antibodies coated at specific nodal locations associated with harmonics of the fundamental frequency of oscillation of the crystal. Harmonic amplitudes are measured to determine the presence of the chemical of interest.

3. 发明授权

US5469519A Optical waveguide image transmission system and method 失效
标题翻译：光波导图像传输系统及方法
公开(公告)号：US5469519A
公开(公告)日：1995-11-21
申请号：US13288
申请日：1993-02-04
申请人： David B. Chang , Victor Vali , I-Fu Shih
发明人： David B. Chang , Victor Vali , I-Fu Shih
IPC分类号： G02B6/06 , G02B27/46 , G02B6/32
CPC分类号： G02B27/46 , G02B6/06
摘要： An improved image transmission system which includes an elongate optical waveguide 15 having an input aperture 17 and an output aperture 19. Optical apparatus 11, 13 is provided for injecting a transform of an image into the waveguide. In a specific implementation, the Fourier transform of the image is injected at the input aperture 17. The output image is transformed as well to provide the desired image. When the Fourier components of the image are transmitted, each component propagates at a different velocity. However, the magnitude of the components are preserved and used to reconstruct the image at the output of the waveguide. This allows for the transmission of optical images without digitization with a single, inexpensive waveguide.
摘要翻译：一种改进的图像传输系统，其包括具有输入孔17和输出孔19的细长光波导15.光学装置11,13被设置用于将图像的变换注入到波导中。在具体实现中，图像的傅里叶变换在输入孔17处被注入。输出图像也被变换以提供期望的图像。当传输图像的傅立叶分量时，每个分量以不同的速度传播。然而，分量的大小被保留并用于在波导的输出处重建图像。这允许用单个廉价的波导传输光学图像而不进行数字化。

4. 发明授权

US5289266A Noncontact, on-line determination of phosphate layer thickness and composition of a phosphate coated surface 失效
标题翻译：非接触式，在线测定磷酸盐层厚度和磷酸盐涂层表面的组成
公开(公告)号：US5289266A
公开(公告)日：1994-02-22
申请号：US885066
申请日：1992-05-14
申请人： I-Fu Shih , David B. Chang , Victor Vali
发明人： I-Fu Shih , David B. Chang , Victor Vali
IPC分类号： G01B11/06 , G01N21/31 , G01N21/55 , G01N21/84 , G01B11/02
CPC分类号： G01N21/8422 , G01B11/0616 , G01N2021/8427 , G01N21/314 , G01N21/55
摘要： A nondestructive method and apparatus is disclosed for determining the thickness and composition of a zinc phosphate layer applied to a metal surface, such as sheet metal on an automotive assembly line. The phosphate layer is irradiated with infrared light which is at least partially transmitted through the phosphate layer. Reflections from the upper and lower surfaces of the phosphate layer return a total reflected intensity which is a function of the optical parameters of the phosphate components and the ratio of the components corresponding to the optical parameters. In the event, for example, that a phosphate layer includes two zinc phosphate components, the measure of reflected intensity at two separate wavelengths will be different inasmuch as the optical properties of the zinc phosphate components is also a function of frequency. The measured reflected intensity and its functional dependence upon the ratio of the components within the phosphate layer can be taken together with the known values of the optical parameters of each component to compute the fraction of each component within the phosphate layer.
摘要翻译：公开了用于确定施加到金属表面的磷酸锌层（例如汽车装配线上的金属板）的厚度和组成的非破坏性方法和装置。用至少部分透过磷酸盐层的红外光照射磷酸盐层。从磷酸盐层的上表面和下表面的反射返回总反射强度，其是磷酸盐组分的光学参数和对应于光学参数的组分的比率的函数。在例如磷酸盐层包含两种磷酸锌成分的情况下，由于磷酸锌成分的光学特性也是频率的函数，所以在两个分开的波长处的反射强度的测量将是不同的。测量的反射强度及其对磷酸盐层中组分比例的功能依赖性可以与每个组分的光学参数的已知值一起计算，以计算磷酸盐层内每个组分的分数。

5. 发明授权

US5345522A Reduced noise fiber optic towed array and method of using same 失效
标题翻译：减少噪音的光纤拖曳阵列及其使用方法
公开(公告)号：US5345522A
公开(公告)日：1994-09-06
申请号：US939237
申请日：1992-09-02
申请人： Victor Vali , David B. Chang , I-Fu Shih
发明人： Victor Vali , David B. Chang , I-Fu Shih
IPC分类号： G01D5/353 , G01H9/00 , G01V1/20 , G02B6/28 , G01B9/02 , G01V1/38 , H01J5/16
CPC分类号： G01H9/004 , G01D5/35383 , G01V1/201
摘要： A sensitive towed optical fiber sensor array 50, wherein the fiber sensors (60A-60N) are connected in parallel, and the optical fiber cable (34) is paid out from the towing ship at a velocity about equal to but opposite to the velocity of the towing ship. The fiber sensors (60A-60N) are immune to electromagnetic interference, and the output of the sensors can be isolated readily to the parallel hookup of the sensors. Turbulence and acceleration noise is greatly reduced due to the manner in which the fiber cable (34) is paid out, and crosstalk between sensors is eliminated.
摘要翻译：一种敏感的牵引光纤传感器阵列50，其中光纤传感器（60A-60N）并联连接，光缆（34）以大约等于但与牵引船。光纤传感器（60A-60N）不受电磁干扰的影响，传感器的输出可以很容易地与传感器的并联连接。由于支付光缆（34）的方式，湍流和加速噪声大大降低，并且消除了传感器之间的串扰。

6. 发明授权

US06166815A Constantly high sensitivity fiber optic interferometer sensor 失效
标题翻译：不断高灵敏度的光纤干涉仪传感器
公开(公告)号：US06166815A
公开(公告)日：2000-12-26
申请号：US634549
申请日：1996-04-18
申请人： Victor Vali , I-Fu Shih , David B. Chang
发明人： Victor Vali , I-Fu Shih , David B. Chang
IPC分类号： G01B9/02 , G01D5/353
CPC分类号： G01D5/35303 , G01B9/02007
摘要： A fiber optic interferometric sensor (150) having constantly high sensitivity by use of two lasers (152, 154) that simultaneously output at first and second wavelengths. By judicious choice of the wavelengths, the optical path length difference between the two interferometer paths (164, 166) can be kept near the maximum slope of the interference fringes for one or the other of the wavelengths. The output from the interferometer (160) is divided between first and second detector arms (170, 130). A filter (172) in the first detector arm passes the first wavelength and rejects the second. A filter (182) in the second detector arm passes the second wavelength and rejects the first. A first detector (174) at the output of the first detector arm reads the interference pattern at the first wavelength. A second detector arm reads the interference pattern at the second wavelength.
摘要翻译：一种通过使用在第一和第二波长同时输出的两个激光器（152,154）具有不断高灵敏度的光纤干涉测量传感器（150）。通过明智地选择波长，可以将两个干涉仪路径（164,166）之间的光程长度差保持在干涉条纹的最大斜率附近一个或另一个波长。来自干涉仪（160）的输出在第一和第二检测器臂（170,130）之间分配。第一检测器臂中的过滤器（172）通过第一波长并拒绝第二波长。第二检测器臂中的过滤器（182）通过第二波长并拒绝第一波长。在第一检测器臂的输出处的第一检测器（174）读取第一波长处的干涉图案。第二检测器臂读取第二波长处的干涉图案。

7. 发明授权

US5291032A Fiber optic evanescent wave fuel gauge and leak detector using eccentric core fibers 失效
标题翻译：光纤消弧波燃料计和使用偏心芯纤维的检漏仪
公开(公告)号：US5291032A
公开(公告)日：1994-03-01
申请号：US59714
申请日：1993-05-11
申请人： Victor Vali , David B. Chang , I-Fu Shih , Albert F. Lawrence
发明人： Victor Vali , David B. Chang , I-Fu Shih , Albert F. Lawrence
IPC分类号： G01F23/292 , G01N15/06
CPC分类号： G01F23/292 , Y10S250/907
摘要： An optical fiber evanescent wave fuel sensor, employing a light source with a wavelength selected to be at the strong infrared absorption lines of the fuel, typically hydrocarbons. The amount of light leaking from the optical fiber is an exponential function of the length of the fiber in the liquid, and is independent of the relative indices of refraction of the fuel and fiber cladding material.
摘要翻译：一种光纤ev逝波燃料传感器，其采用波长选定在燃料的强红外吸收线上的光源，通常为烃类。从光纤泄漏的光量是液体中纤维长度的指数函数，并且与燃料和纤维包层材料的相对折射率无关。

8. 发明授权

US5212583A Adaptive optics using the electrooptic effect 失效
标题翻译：自适应光学使用电光效应
公开(公告)号：US5212583A
公开(公告)日：1993-05-18
申请号：US818315
申请日：1992-01-08
申请人： Victor Vali , David B. Chang , I-Fu Shih , Bruce R. Youmans
发明人： Victor Vali , David B. Chang , I-Fu Shih , Bruce R. Youmans
IPC分类号： G02F1/03 , G02F1/29
CPC分类号： G02F1/29 , G02F1/292 , G02F1/03 , G02F1/0305 , G02F2201/12 , G02F2202/20 , G02F2203/18 , G02F2203/24 , G02F2203/28
摘要： An adaptive electroopical lens system for use in optical data storage systems, optical phased arrays, laser or other optical projectors, and raster scanning devices, and the like. The invention provides an electrooptical means for scanning an optical beam or moving an optical storage or retrieval point. Beam movement is achieved electrooptically, by changing the index of refraction of an electrooptical material by controlling electric fields applied thereto. A plurality of electrodes are disposed on one surface of the electrooptic material and a ground electrode is disposed on the other. The electrodes are adapted to apply electric fields derived from a voltage source to the electroopic material that selectively change its index of refraction and provides for a predetermined index of refraction profile along at least one dimension thereof, thus forming a lens. By appropriately forming the electrode pattern and properly controlling the voltages applied thereto, differing lens shapes may be formed. Since the response times of the electrooptic materials employed in the present invention are on the order of nanoseconds (10.sup.-9 sec) or less, the intrinsic response frequency of the lens system is 10.sup.9 Hz or more. The present invention thus increases the data storage and retrieval capacity of optical systems in which it is employed.
摘要翻译：用于光学数据存储系统，光学相控阵列，激光或其它投影仪的光学扫描装置等的适应性电透镜系统。本发明提供了一种用于扫描光束或移动光学存储或检索点的电光学装置。通过电光学实现光束运动，通过控制施加于其上的电场来改变电光材料的折射率。多个电极设置在电光材料的一个表面上，而接地电极设置在另一个表面上。电极适于将从电压源导出的电场施加到选择性地改变其折射率的电学材料，并且沿其至少一个维度提供预定的折射率分布，从而形成透镜。通过适当地形成电极图案并适当地控制施加到其上的电压，可以形成不同的透镜形状。由于本发明中使用的电光材料的响应时间为纳秒（10-9秒）以下，透镜系统的固有响应频率为109Hz以上。因此，本发明增加了使用它的光学系统的数据存储和检索能力。

9. 发明授权

US5099131A Acquisition and testing of latent fingerprints using upconversion 失效
标题翻译：使用上转换获取和测试潜在指纹
公开(公告)号：US5099131A
公开(公告)日：1992-03-24
申请号：US623858
申请日：1990-12-07
申请人： Patrick C. Brownrigg , Slava A. Pollack , Victor Vali
发明人： Patrick C. Brownrigg , Slava A. Pollack , Victor Vali
IPC分类号： G06K9/00
CPC分类号： G06K9/00013
摘要： Latent fingerprints are detected by upconverting infrared radiation provided by a special dusting powder and digitally imaging the upconverted radiation. In accordance with the principles of the present invention, a real time image of latent fingerprints is obtained by first "dusting" the print with a powdered upconversion material. The print is then illuminated with 1.55 .mu.m infrared radiation using a fiber optic bundle in the form of a probe. The 1.55 .mu.m infrared radiation is converted into several reradiated wavelength bands by the powdered upconversion material. A charge coupled device or diode matrix detector array converts the image of the fingerprint to digital format for real time display and/or transmission over airwaves. The system is a portable latent fingerprint acquisition system that permits rapid fingerprint evaluation and comparison. A method of detecting fingerprints is also disclosed.
摘要翻译：潜在指纹通过上变频由特殊粉尘粉末提供的红外辐射和数字成像上变频辐射来检测。根据本发明的原理，通过首先用粉状上变频材料“打粉”印刷，获得潜在指纹的实时图像。然后使用探针形式的光纤束以1.55μm的红外辐射照射印刷。 1.55微米红外辐射通过粉末上转换材料转化成几个再辐射波长带。电荷耦合器件或二极管矩阵检测器阵列将指纹图像转换为数字格式，以便通过无线电波进行实时显示和/或传输。该系统是便携式潜在指纹采集系统，可以快速指纹评估和比较。还公开了一种检测指纹的方法。

10. 发明授权

US4159178A Stimulated brillouin scattering ring laser gyroscope 失效
标题翻译：刺激布里渊散射环激光陀螺仪
公开(公告)号：US4159178A
公开(公告)日：1979-06-26
申请号：US744654
申请日：1976-11-24
申请人： Victor Vali , Richard W. Shorthill
发明人： Victor Vali , Richard W. Shorthill
IPC分类号： G01C19/64 , H01S3/083 , H01S3/30 , G01B9/02 , G01P9/00
CPC分类号： H01S3/302 , G01C19/64 , H01S3/083
摘要： A stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) ring laser gyroscope. The SBS laser gyroscope is fabricated from a single-mode optical fiber waveguide and is optically coupled to a laser to accommodate being pumped in two directions by laser radiation having sufficient energy to induce stimulated Brillouin scattering radiation (SBS). The apparatus includes means for extracting a portion of each of the SBS radiation from the single-mode optical fiber waveguide and superimposing the extracted portions to permit detection of a beat frequency therebetween. The beat frequency detected is indicative of the rate of angular rotation of the area circumscribed by the single-mode optical fiber waveguide. Means are provided to accommodate a significant reduction in the required laser pumping power.
摘要翻译：受激布里渊散射（SBS）环激光陀螺仪。 SBS激光陀螺仪由单模光纤波导制造，并且与激光光学耦合以适应通过具有足够能量以激发受激布里渊散射辐射（SBS）的激光辐射沿两个方向泵浦。该装置包括用于从单模光纤波导中提取每个SBS辐射的一部分并叠加提取部分以允许其间检测拍频的装置。检测到的拍频表示单模光纤波导管外接区域的角旋转速率。提供装置以适应所需激光泵浦功率的显着降低。

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