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1. 发明申请

WO1997021996A1 ELECTROPHORESIS GELS AND GEL HOLDERS HAVING ADHESIVE AFFIXED FIBER SPACERS AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME 审中-公开
标题翻译：具有粘合纤维纤维间隔物的电泳胶凝胶和凝胶保持器及其制造方法
公开(公告)号：WO1997021996A1
公开(公告)日：1997-06-19
申请号：PCT/CA1996000833
申请日：1996-12-12
申请人： VISIBLE GENETICS INC. , IZMAILOV, Alexandre , ZALESKI, Henryk , WATERHOUSE, Paul
发明人： VISIBLE GENETICS INC.
IPC分类号： G01N27/447
CPC分类号： G01N27/44704
摘要： Gel holders for electrophoresis gels are made using fibers, particularly glass fibers, which are affixed to the substrates forming the gel holder using an adhesive. These gel holders can be made by placing a plurality of adhesive-coated fibers between a first planar substrate and a second planar substrate; and applying pressure to the outside of the substrates to adhere the fibers to the first and second substrates. This forms a gel chamber between the first and second substrates which has a thickness defined by diameter of the fibers. Alternatively, uncoated fibers may be laid down in pairs, with a line of adhesive disposed between each fiber of the pair. When the adhesive is cured, it binds the fibers in position as spacers. At the same time, the fibers isolate the adhesive from the gel compartment. In this way, interference of components of the adhesive with the polymerization of the gel in the gel chamber can be avoided. Gel holders formed using either of these methods may be filled immediately with a gel forming solution such as a polyacrylamide, or they may be stored indefinitely and used as needed.
摘要翻译：用于电泳凝胶的凝胶保持器使用纤维，特别是玻璃纤维制成，其使用粘合剂固定到形成凝胶保持器的基材上。这些凝胶保持器可以通过在第一平面基板和第二平面基板之间放置多个粘合剂涂覆的纤维来制造; 并向衬底外部施加压力以将纤维粘附到第一和第二衬底上。这在第一和第二基底之间形成凝胶室，其具有由纤维的直径限定的厚度。或者，未涂覆的纤维可以成对铺设，一对粘合剂布置在该对的每个纤维之间。当粘合剂固化时，其将纤维作为间隔物结合在适当位置。同时，纤维将胶粘剂与凝胶隔离隔离。以这种方式，可以避免粘合剂组分与凝胶室中的凝胶聚合的干扰。使用这些方法之一形成的凝胶容器可以立即用诸如聚丙烯酰胺的凝胶形成溶液填充，或者可以无限期地储存并根据需要使用。

2. 发明申请

WO1997040939A1 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR THERMAL CYCLING AND FOR AUTOMATED SAMPLE PREPARATION WITH THERMAL CYCLING 审中-公开
标题翻译：热循环和自动样品制备与热循环的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：WO1997040939A1
公开(公告)日：1997-11-06
申请号：PCT/CA1997000302
申请日：1997-05-01
申请人： VISIBLE GENETICS INC. , DUNN, James, M. , LEUSHNER, James , RENFREW, John, A. , WATERHOUSE, Paul , IZMAILOV, Alexandre M. , ZALESKI, Henryk
发明人： VISIBLE GENETICS INC.
IPC分类号： B01L07/00
CPC分类号： B01L7/52 , B01L7/525 , G01N2035/00237
摘要： An apparatus and method for thermally cycling a reaction mixture in a reaction vessel to expose the mixture to the varying temperatures necessary to, for example, achieve PCR amplification or the preparation of sequencing fragments using a cycle sequencing operation makes use of flow-through reaction vessels, such as capillary tubes, for the preparation and thermal cycling of reaction mixtures. In order to prevent loss of the reaction mixture from the vessels during heating, the thermal cycling apparatus of the invention provides means for reversibly sealing the proximal and distal ends of each reaction vessel. The proximal ends can be sealed by coupling to a pump which permits movement of the samples within the reaction vessels. As to the distal ends, the reaction vessels can be sealed by pressing the distal end of each vessel against a sealing element with a conformable surface, or by immersing the distal end of each vessel in the reservoir of liquid, preferably of an oil, that is not miscible with the reaction mixture.
摘要翻译：在反应容器中热循环反应混合物以将混合物暴露于例如实现PCR扩增所需的变化温度或使用循环测序操作制备测序片段的装置和方法使用流通反应容器，如毛细管，用于反应混合物的制备和热循环。为了防止加热期间反应混合物从容器中的损失，本发明的热循环装置提供了用于可逆地密封每个反应容器的近端和远端的装置。近端可以通过联接到允许样品在反应容器内移动的泵来密封。对于远端，可以通过将每个容器的远端压靠具有适形表面的密封元件，或通过将每个容器的远端浸入液体储存器（优选油）中来密封反应容器，与反应混合物不混溶。

3. 发明申请

WO1997021995A1 ELECTROPHORESIS GELS AND GEL HOLDERS HAVING FIBER SPACERS AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME 审中-公开
标题翻译：具有纤维间隔物的电泳胶和凝胶保持器及其制造方法
公开(公告)号：WO1997021995A1
公开(公告)日：1997-06-19
申请号：PCT/CA1996000832
申请日：1996-12-12
申请人： VISIBLE GENETICS INC. , IZMAILOV, Alexandre , WATERHOUSE, Paul , ZALESKI, Henryk
发明人： VISIBLE GENETICS INC.
IPC分类号： G01N27/447
CPC分类号： G01N27/44721 , G01N27/44704
摘要： Gel holders for electrophoresis gels are made using clad fibers, particularly glass fibers as spacers between substrates. A plurality of fibers with a high-melting interior core and a low-melting external cladding are placed between a first planar substrate and a second planar substrate. The fibers are heated to a temperatrure sufficient to at least soften the exterior cladding of the fibers without softening the interior core of the fibers, and then cooled while they are in contact with the first and second substrates to resolidify the exterior cladding. This adheres the fibers to the first and second substrates, and forms a gel chamber between said first and second substrates. The gel chamber has a thickness defined by interior core of the fibers. The fibers may be heated before or after the second substrate is placed over the top of the fibers. The gel holders thus formed may be filled immediately with a gel forming solution such as a polyacrylamide, or they may be stored indefinitely and used as needed.
摘要翻译：电泳凝胶的凝胶保持器使用包覆纤维制成，特别是作为衬底之间的间隔物的玻璃纤维。具有高熔点内芯和低熔点外包层的多根纤维被放置在第一平面基板和第二平面基板之间。纤维被加热到足以至少软化纤维的外包层的温度，而不软化纤维的内芯，然后在与第一和第二基底接触的同时冷却，以重新固化外包层。这将纤维粘附到第一和第二基底上，并在所述第一和第二基底之间形成凝胶室。凝胶室具有由纤维的内芯限定的厚度。纤维可以在将第二基底放置在纤维顶部之前或之后被加热。如此形成的凝胶保持器可立即用诸如聚丙烯酰胺的凝胶形成溶液填充，或者可以无限期地储存并根据需要使用。

4. 发明申请

WO1998008978A1 APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR PERFORMING SEQUENCING OF NUCLEIC ACID POLYMERS 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于实施核酸聚合物测序的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：WO1998008978A1
公开(公告)日：1998-03-05
申请号：PCT/US1997015056
申请日：1997-08-27
申请人： VISIBLE GENETICS INC. , WATERHOUSE, Paul , IZMAILOV, Alexandre, M. , ZALESKI, Henryk , YAGER, Thomas, D. , DUNN, James, M. , LEUSHNER, James , HUI, May , LARSON, Marina, T.
发明人： VISIBLE GENETICS INC.
IPC分类号： C12Q01/68
CPC分类号： B01L7/52 , G01N27/44743
摘要： An apparatus for processing samples containing DNA to produce a sequencing fragment mixture comprises a sample processing element comprising: a thermocycling region having one or more chambers for receiving a DNA sequencing reaction mixture and forming sequencing fragments therefrom; a separation region comprising a separation matrix for separating the sequencing fragments formed in the thermocycling regions; a detection region for detection of the separated sequencing fragments; and means for regulating the temperature in the thermocycling region of the sample processing element to provide a plurality of thermal cycles, each cycle including at least a denaturation phase and an extension phase. The apparatus for processing sample can be placed in a holder which is associated with means for applying an electric field to the separation region of a sample processing apparatus placed within the holder to cause polynucleotide sequencing fragments to migrate through the separation region from the thermocycling region to the detection region; and means for detecting polynucleotide fragments within the detection region of the sample processing apparatus placed within the holder.
摘要翻译：用于处理含有DNA的样品以产生测序片段混合物的装置包括样品处理元件，其包括：热循环区域，其具有用于接收DNA测序反应混合物并形成测序片段的一个或多个室; 分离区域，其包含用于分离在所述热循环区域中形成的测序片段的分离基质; 用于检测分离的测序片段的检测区域; 以及用于调节样品处理元件的热循环区域中的温度以提供多个热循环的装置，每个循环至少包括变性相和延伸相。用于处理样品的装置可以放置在与将电场施加到放置在保持器内的样品处理装置的分离区域的装置相关联的保持器中，以使得多核苷酸测序片段通过分离区域从热循环区域迁移到检测区域; 以及用于检测放置在保持器内的样品处理装置的检测区域内的多核苷酸片段的装置。

5. 发明申请

WO1996013717A1 MICROGELS FOR USE IN MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS AND METHODS OF MAKING AND USING SAME 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于医学诊断的MICROGELS及其制备和使用方法
公开(公告)号：WO1996013717A1
公开(公告)日：1996-05-09
申请号：PCT/US1995014531
申请日：1995-10-31
申请人： VISIBLE GENETICS INC. , RENFREW, John, A. , WATERHOUSE, Paul , STEVENS, John, K. , ZALESKI, Henryk
发明人： VISIBLE GENETICS INC.
IPC分类号： G01N27/447
CPC分类号： G01N27/44743 , G01N27/44704 , G01N27/44747
摘要： An electrophoresis microgel is formed in a gel holder. The gel holder comprises a top substrate, a bottom substrate and a spacer disposed between the top substrate and the bottom substrate. The spacer establishes a separation of from 25 to 250 microns between the top substrate and the bottom substrate. A gel compartment is formed by partially sealing the top substrate to the bottom substrate, while leaving an opening for the introduction of unpolymerized gel. The gel compartment is then filled with an unpolymerized gel, which is polymerized in the gel compartment. Electrodes may be printed on the substrates, may be contacted to an exposed edge of gel, or may be applied through windows cut into one of the substrates. One type of gel holder makes use of graded beads having a diameter of 25 to 250 microns slurried in an adhesive such as an acrylate adhesive as the spacer. The slurry is printed onto the surface of one or both substrates to form a spacer of the desired shape, and then hardened using heat or light. If desired, the spacer can establish lanes within the gel.
摘要翻译：在凝胶保持器中形成电泳微凝胶。凝胶保持器包括顶部基底，底部基底和设置在顶部基底和底部基底之间的间隔物。间隔物在顶部基底和底部基底之间建立了从25至250微米的间隔。通过将顶部基底部分地密封到底部基底而形成凝胶室，同时留下用于引入未聚合凝胶的开口。然后用凝胶隔室填充未聚合的凝胶，其在凝胶隔室中聚合。电极可以印刷在基底上，可以与暴露的凝胶边缘接触，或者可以通过切割成一个基底的窗口来施加。一种类型的凝胶保持器使用在诸如丙烯酸酯粘合剂的粘合剂中作为间隔物浆化的直径为25至250微米的分级珠粒。将浆料印刷到一个或两个基材的表面上以形成所需形状的间隔物，然后使用热或光硬化。如果需要，间隔物可以在凝胶内建立泳道。

6. 发明申请

WO1996042013A1 MICROELECTROPHORESIS CHIP FOR MOVING AND SEPARATING NUCLEIC ACIDS AND OTHER CHARGED MOLECULES 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于移动和分离核酸和其他充电分子的微电极芯片
公开(公告)号：WO1996042013A1
公开(公告)日：1996-12-27
申请号：PCT/US1996010110
申请日：1996-06-07
申请人： VISIBLE GENETICS INC. , YAGER, Thomas, D. , WATERHOUSE, Paul , IZMAILOV, Alexandre, M. , MARUZZO, Bruno , STEVENS, John, K. , LARSON, Marina, T.
发明人： VISIBLE GENETICS INC.
IPC分类号： G01N27/447
CPC分类号： G01N27/44773 , G01N27/44704 , G01N27/44791
摘要： A microelectrophoresis chip comprises a substrate in which there are formed one or more channels, one channel for each sample to be evaluated. The channels extend for the length of the chip, a distance of generally around 1 cm, and are about 1 to 10 mu m wide and 1 to 10 mu m in depth. The channels are filled with a homogeneous separation matrix which acts as an obstacle to the electrophoretic migration of the charged molecules. Microelectrodes disposed in the channels are used to induce an electric field within the homogeneous separation medium. When a voltage is applied across two or more of the microelectrodes, the charged molecules are induced to move and separate according to the electric field density, the type of solvent film, and the charge, shape and size of the charged molecule. The chip may further comprise detectors, such as light polarization detectors, fluorescence emission detectors, biosensors, electrochemical sensors or other microcomponents which may include sites for enzymatic or chemical manipulation of the moved or separated charged molecules.
摘要翻译：微电泳芯片包括其中形成一个或多个通道的基底，每个待评估样品的通道一个通道。通道延长芯片的长度，通常为1cm左右，宽度为1〜10μm左右，深度为1〜10μm。通道充满均匀的分离基质，其作为电荷分子的电泳迁移的障碍。设置在通道中的微电极用于在均匀分离介质内诱发电场。当电压施加到两个或更多个微电极上时，根据电场密度，溶剂膜的类型和带电分子的电荷，形状和尺寸，诱导带电分子移动和分离。芯片还可以包括诸如光偏振检测器，荧光发射检测器，生物传感器，电化学传感器或其它微元件的检测器，其可以包括用于酶或分离带电分子的酶或化学操作的位点。

7. 发明申请

WO1996042012A1 NANOFABRICATED SEPARATION MATRIX FOR ANALYSIS OF BIOPOLYMERS AND METHODS OF MAKING AND USING SAME 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于生物聚合物分析的纳米分离基质及其制备方法和使用方法
公开(公告)号：WO1996042012A1
公开(公告)日：1996-12-27
申请号：PCT/US1996009999
申请日：1996-06-07
申请人： VISIBLE GENETICS INC. , YAGER, Thomas, D. , WATERHOUSE, Paul , IZMAILOV, Alexandre M. , MARUZZO, Bruno , STEVENS, John, K. , LARSON, Marina, T.
发明人： VISIBLE GENETICS INC.
IPC分类号： G01N27/447
CPC分类号： G01N27/44773 , G01N27/44704 , G01N27/44791
摘要： Separation matrices useful in the formation of solid-state mm- to cm-scale devices for the rapid, high-resolution separation of single-stranded DNA ladder bands generated by the Sanger dideoxy- or Maxam/Gilbert chemical DNA sequencing procedures are formed from a solid support (1) having a plurality of posts (4) disposed on a first major surface thereof to form an obstacle course of posts (4) and pores (5). The posts are arranged in a regular X, Y array and are separated one from another by a distance of 100 nm or less, preferably 10 to 30 nm, and are optionally separated into lanes 2. The separation matrix can be manufactured by first forming a mold, preferably a reusable mold using lithography techniques. The mold is the reverse of the desired pattern of posts and pores of the obstacle course, and is used for casting the obstacle course. The cast obstacle course is then fused to a solid support and separated from the mold. Alternatively, the separation matrix can be formed from a polymer which undergoes specific and quantifiable swelling in the presence of a selected chemical compound. In this case, the matrix is cast on a mold in a conventional manner with a spacing between posts greater than the desired final spacing of 100 nm or less. For use, a buffer solution saturated with the specific chemical agent that controls swelling is added, causing the posts to swell to a defined amount to achieve the desired separation.
摘要翻译：用于形成用于通过Sanger双脱氧或Maxam / Gilbert化学DNA测序程序产生的单链DNA梯形带的快速，高分辨率分离的固态mm至cm尺度装置的分离基质由固体支撑件（1）具有设置在其第一主表面上的多个柱（4），以形成柱（4）和孔（5）的障碍物路线。柱以规则的X，Y阵列布置，并且彼此分离一个距离为100nm或更小，优选为10至30nm，并且任选地分离成通道2.分离基体可以通过首先形成模具，优选使用光刻技术的可重复使用的模具。模具与障碍物路线的柱和孔的期望图案相反，并且用于铸造障碍物路线。然后将铸造的障碍物道路融合到固体支撑物并与模具分离。或者，分离基质可以由在所选择的化合物存在下经历特异性和可定量溶胀的聚合物形成。在这种情况下，基体以常规方式在模具上铸造，柱之间的间距大于期望的最终间距为100nm或更小。为了使用，加入饱和了特定化学试剂的缓冲溶液以控制溶胀，导致柱膨胀至规定的量以达到所需的分离。

8. 发明申请

WO1996013715A1 APPARATUS FOR PREPARING GELS FOR USE IN ELECTROPHORETIC SEPARATIONS AND SIMILAR APPLICATIONS 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于制备电泳分离和类似应用的凝胶的装置
公开(公告)号：WO1996013715A1
公开(公告)日：1996-05-09
申请号：PCT/US1995013955
申请日：1995-10-31
申请人： VISIBLE GENETICS INC. , RENFREW, John, A. , STEINBACH, Eric , STEVENS, John, K. , ZALESKI, Henryk
发明人： VISIBLE GENETICS INC.
IPC分类号： G01N27/44
CPC分类号： G01N27/44704
摘要： An apparatus for the rapid preparation of electrophoresis gels comprises: a) a housing; b) a support fixture removably disposed within the housing and adapted to receive a gel holder having an internal gel compartment, the support fixture being optionally adapted to permit filling of the gel holder within the housing; c) an optional injection system, which is connectible to a reservoir for holding a polymerizable solution; d) an optional solution connector adapted to couple the injection system to a gel holder placed within the filling fixture; e) an optional controller for the injection system, which causes the injection system to inject polymerizable solution from the reservoir into the gel compartment; and f) a radiation source disposed within the housing in a location effective to irradiate polymerizable solution within the gel compartment of a gel holder in the support fixture. The support fixture may be mounted on a drawer which is slidable between a position inside the housing, and a position outside the housing to permit easy placement of a gel holder into the support fixture.
摘要翻译：用于快速制备电泳凝胶的装置包括：a）壳体; b）可移除地设置在所述壳体内并且适于接收具有内部凝胶隔室的凝胶保持器的支撑固定件，所述支撑固定件可选地适于允许在所述壳体内填充所述凝胶保持器; c）可选的注射系统，其可连接到储存器以保持可聚合溶液; d）可选的解决方案连接器，其适于将注射系统耦合到放置在填充夹具内的凝胶保持器; e）用于注射系统的可选控制器，其使得注射系统将可聚合溶液从储器注入凝胶室; 以及f）辐射源，其设置在所述壳体内的位置，以有效地照射所述支撑夹具中的凝胶保持器的凝胶室内的可聚合溶液。支撑固定件可以安装在可在壳体内的位置和壳体外部的位置之间滑动的抽屉上，以允许将凝胶保持器容易地放置到支撑夹具中。

9. 发明申请

WO1996025660A2 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR AUTOMATED ELECTROPHORESIS USING LIGHT POLARIZATION DETECTOR 审中-公开
标题翻译：使用光偏振检测器自动电泳的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：WO1996025660A2
公开(公告)日：1996-08-22
申请号：PCT/US1996001666
申请日：1996-02-07
申请人： VISIBLE GENETICS INC. , STEVENS, John, K. , IZMAILOV, Alexandre, M.
发明人： VISIBLE GENETICS INC.
IPC分类号： G01N25/447
CPC分类号： G01N27/44721
摘要： Changes in polarized light incident on a detection zone with a separation matrix are used to detect optically active molecules within the separation matrix. The separation and detection of the presence of optically active molecules within a detection zone in a separation matrix involves: a) loading a sample containing optically active molecules onto a separation matrix; b) applying a motive force to the sample to cause the sample to migrate through the separation matrix and to separate the sample into a plurality of subgroups of optically active molecules; c) directing an incident beam of polarized radiation to the detection zone of the separation matrix; d) processing the collected exiting beam with an optical component which discriminates between radiation having the same polarization as the incident beam and radiation having a different polarization from the incident beam; and e) measuring the intensity of the processed exiting beam, wherein a difference between the intensity of the processed exiting beam and a standard intensity obtained for the separation matrix in the absence of sample is indicative of the presence of an optically active molecule in the detection zone. Alternatively, an incident beam of alternately left and right circularly polarized radiation of the type generated using a Pockels cell of Ker cell can be used. When such radiation encounters an optically active substance which absorbs radiation of the incident wavelength, radiation of one polarization is preferentially absorbed. Differences in the intensity of the pulses of left and right circularly polarized radiation that has passed through the detection zone of the separation matrix indicate the presence of optically active species within the detection zone.
摘要翻译：使用入射到具有分离基质的检测区上的偏振光的变化来检测分离基质内的光学活性分子。分离和检测分离基质中检测区内光学活性分子的存在包括：a）将含有光学活性分子的样品加载到分离基质上; b）向样品施加动力以使样品通过分离基质迁移并将样品分离成多个光学活性分子亚组; c）将入射的偏振辐射光束引导到分离矩阵的检测区域; d）用识别具有与入射光束相同极化的辐射和具有与入射光束不同极化的辐射的光学部件处理所收集的退出光束; 以及e）测量经处理的出射光束的强度，其中在不存在样品的情况下，经处理的出射光束的强度与为分离基质获得的标准强度之间的差异指示在检测中光学活性分子的存在区。或者，可以使用使用Ker cell的Pockels单元产生的类型的交替左右的圆偏振辐射的入射光束。当这种辐射遇到吸收入射波长的辐射的光学活性物质时，一个极化的辐射被优先吸收。通过分离基质的检测区域的左右圆偏振辐射的脉冲强度的差异表示在检测区内存在光学活性物质。

10. 发明申请

WO1996018892A1 AUTOMATED ELECTROPHORESIS AND FLUORESCENCE DETECTION APPARATUS AND METHOD 审中-公开
标题翻译：自动电泳和荧光检测装置及方法
公开(公告)号：WO1996018892A1
公开(公告)日：1996-06-20
申请号：PCT/US1995015951
申请日：1995-12-12
申请人： VISIBLE GENETICS INC. , WATERHOUSE, Paul , RENFREW, John, A. , STEVENS, John, K.
发明人： VISIBLE GENETICS INC.
IPC分类号： G01N27/447
CPC分类号： G01N27/44721
摘要： Improved detection methods and apparatus which may be used individually or in various combinations enhance the ability of the electrophoresis apparatus to detect fluorophore-labeled materials in short periods of time. One such apparatus comprises a housing adapted to receive an electrophoresis gel holder; an excitation source of electromagnetic radiation having a frequency effective to induce emission of electromagnetic radiation from the fluorophore; a plurality of optical fibers for delivering electromagnetic radiation from the excitation source to a linear array of excitation/detection sites on the gel holder, optical switching means for sequentially directing electromagnetic radiation into one of several pre-defined groups of the optical fibers; detection means such as a photomultiplier tube, or an array of photomultiplier tubes for detecting emission from the fluorophore induced by a radiation from the excitation source; and means for correlating a detected emission with the switching of the excitation electromagnetic radiation such that a given emission may be linked with the excitation/detection site being irradiated. For example, the optical switching means may alternate between directing radiation from the source into every other optical fiber, or may provide radiation in rotation to every third or fourth fiber. Alternatively, a spot array generation grating can be used for dividing an incident beam of coherent radiation into an array of excitation beamlets and directing each excitation beamlet to an excitation/detection site on the electrophoresis gel. Light emitting diode disposed to deliver excitation energy to an array of excitation/detection sites may also be used. This latter form of the apparatus is particularly advantageous due to the low costs of light emitting diodes (LEDs) compared to coherent light sources (e.g. lasers).
摘要翻译：可以单独或以各种组合使用的改进的检测方法和装置增强电泳装置在短时间内检测荧光团标记的材料的能力。一种这样的设备包括适于接收电泳凝胶保持器的壳体; 电磁辐射的激发源具有有效地诱导来自荧光团的电磁辐射的发射的频率; 用于将来自激发源的电磁辐射传递到凝胶保持器上的激发/检测部位的线性阵列的多个光纤，用于将电磁辐射顺序地引导到几个预定义的光纤组中的一个中的光开关装置; 检测装置，例如光电倍增管或用于检测由来自激发源的辐射引起的荧光团发射的光电倍增管阵列; 以及用于将检测到的发射与激发电磁辐射的切换相关联的装置，使得给定的发射可以与被照射的激发/检测部位相关联。例如，光学开关装置可以在将源自源的辐射引导到每个其它光纤之间交替，或者可以向每三分之一或第四光纤提供旋转辐射。或者，点阵生成光栅可以用于将相干辐射的入射光束分成激发子束的阵列，并将每个激发子束引导到电泳凝胶上的激发/检测位置。还可以使用设置成将激发能量传递到激发/检测位置阵列的发光二极管。由于与相干光源（例如，激光器）相比，发光二极管（LED）的成本低，所以装置的后一种形式是特别有利的。

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