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    • 5. 发明授权
    • Process for the production of 2,3,5-trimethylbenzoquinone
    • 生产2,3,5-三甲基苯醌的方法
    • US4828762A
    • 1989-05-09
    • US947503
    • 1986-12-29
    • Tomiya IsshikiTomoyuki YuiMitsuo AbeMasahiro JonoHideo Uno
    • Tomiya IsshikiTomoyuki YuiMitsuo AbeMasahiro JonoHideo Uno
    • B01J27/08B01J27/122C07C46/08
    • B01J27/122B01J27/08C07C46/08
    • A process for the production of 2,3,5-trimethylbenzoquinone (TMBQ) from 2,3,6-trimethylphenol (TMP) is described, comprising contacting TMP with oxygen or an oxygen containing gas in a medium of water and an aliphatic alcohol having from 5 to 10 carbon atoms in the presence of catalyst of a copper halogen complex represented by the formula as shown below or a mixture of the copper halogen complex and an alkali metal halide or a mixture of the copper halogen complex, an alkali metal halide and cupric hydroxide and/or cuprous chlorideM.sub.l [Cu(II).sub.m X.sub.n ].sub.pwherein M is an alkali metal or ammonium, Cu(II) is a divalent copper, X is a halogen atom, l is an integer of 1 to 3, m is 1 or 2, n is an integer or 3 to 8, p is 1 or 2, and l+2mp=np. The process is carried out in a batch system, a semi-batch system or in a continuous flow system. The third mentioned catalyst system is most effectively utilized in the semi-batch system. The present process yields various advantages; for example, TMBQ can be produced with high selectivity, and since the reaction is performed in a specific medium (the medium is heterogeneous because the alcohols are immiscible or only slightly miscible with water) and TMBQ is soluble in the alcohol layer, while the catalyst is soluble in the water layer, the TMBQ can be easily separated and reuse of the catalyst can be accomplished by a simplified procedure. TMBQ is a useful compound as an intermediate for use in the preparation of Vitamin E.
    • 描述了从2,3,6-三甲基苯酚(TMP)生产2,3,5-三甲基苯醌(TMBQ)的方法,包括将TMP与氧或含氧气体在水和脂族醇的介质中接触, 在由下式表示的铜卤素络合物的催化剂存在下的5至10个碳原子或铜卤素络合物和碱金属卤化物的混合物或铜卤素络合物,碱金属卤化物和碱金属卤化物的混合物 氢氧化铜和/或氯化亚铜M1 [Cu(II)mXn] p其中M为碱金属或铵,Cu(II)为二价铜,X为卤素原子,l为1〜3的整数,m 为1或2,n为整数或3至8,p为1或2,l + 2mp = np。 该方法在分批系统,半分批系统或连续流系统中进行。 第三种催化剂体系在半分批系统中最有效地利用。 本方法产生各种优点; 例如,可以高选择性地制备TMBQ,并且由于反应在特定介质中进行(介质是异质的,因为醇是不混溶的或仅与水轻微混溶),并且TMBQ可溶于醇层,而催化剂 可溶于水层,TMBQ可以容易地分离,催化剂的再利用可以通过简化的程序完成。 TMBQ是一种有用的化合物,作为用于制备维生素E的中间体。
    • 10. 发明授权
    • Process for preparing carboxylic acid anhydrides
    • 制备羧酸酐的方法
    • US4239698A
    • 1980-12-16
    • US949853
    • 1978-10-10
    • Tomiya IsshikiYasuhiko KijimaYuh Miyauchi
    • Tomiya IsshikiYasuhiko KijimaYuh Miyauchi
    • C07C53/00B01J31/00C07B61/00C07C51/00C07C51/10C07C51/56C07C67/00C07C51/54
    • C07C51/10
    • A process for preparing a carboxylic acid anhydride by reacting an aliphatic carboxylic acid ester or an ether with carbon monoxide in the presence of elemental nickel or a nickel compound, iodine or an iodine compound and an organic compound of a trivalent nitrogen-group element; wherein said iodine or iodine compound is selected from the following formulae (I) to (IV),RX.sub.n (I)wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl or alkylene group, X represents an iodine or bromine atom, n represents an integer of 1 to 3, and at least one of n X's is an iodine atom,I.sub.2 or I.sub.3.sup.- (II)RCOI (III)wherein R represents an alkyl group, andMI.sub.2 (IV)wherein M represents an alkaline earth metal, and is used in an amount such that the free iodine or iodine compound not chemically combined with said nickel or nickel compound or with said organic compound of a nitrogen-group element is present in an amount of at least 0.2 mole, as elemental iodine, per mole of each of said nitrogen-group element compound and said nickel or nickel compound, and wherein the reaction is carried out in the presence of an aliphatic carboxylic acid solvent.
    • 在元素镍或镍化合物,碘或碘化合物和三价氮基元素的有机化合物存在下,使脂族羧酸酯或醚与一氧化碳反应制备羧酸酐的方法; 其中所述碘或碘化合物选自下式(I)至(IV),RXn(I)其中R表示氢原子或烷基或亚烷基,X表示碘或溴原子,n表示整数 1至3,并且n X中的至少一个为碘原子,I 2或I 3 - (II)R COI(III)其中R表示烷基,MI 2(IV)其中M表示碱土金属,并且使用 其量使得不与所述镍或镍化合物或所述有机化合物与氮基元素化学结合的游离碘或碘化合物以每摩尔每摩尔至少0.2摩尔的元素碘的量存在,作为元素碘 的所述氮族元素化合物和所述镍或镍化合物,并且其中所述反应在脂族羧酸溶剂的存在下进行。